Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors (统治者) and generals and soldiers, while the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured (施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.
People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars (纪念柱)in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages（野蛮人）; so to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently — this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done — is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off greater number of the other side, and then saying that the side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that power is right.
This is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated (disabled). And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets — while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life — nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
1.In the opening sentence, the author indicates that .
A．most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers
B．history book tell us far more about conquerors, generals and soldiers than actual creators of civilization
C．those who rally helped human civilization forward is not mentioned in history books at all
D．conquerors, generals and soldiers should be least mentioned in history books
2.According to the passage, most people believe that the greatest countries are those that .
A．built the highest pillars for their conquerors
B．were ruled by the greatest number of conquerors
C．won the greatest number of battles against other countries
D．were beaten in battle by the greatest number of other countries
3.In the author’s opinion, the countries that conquered a large number of other countries are
.
A．certainly both the most powerful and most civilized.
B．neither the greatest nor the most civilized in any way.
C．possibly either the most civilized or the most powerful in a way.
D．likely the most powerful in some sense but not the most civilized.
4.The meaning of the last sentence in Paragraph 2 is that .
A．fighters believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.
B．only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.
C．those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.
D．only powerful nations might win the right to rule weak ones.
Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaurant, and its owner did now know what to do. The food in his restaurant was cheap and good. But nobody seemed to want to eat there.
Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant was always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentleman came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a beautiful menu. The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man gave the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine, while the menu that he gave to the lady gave a much higher price. So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was.
1.Why didn’t people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat first?
A．Because the price was high. B．Because the food was too cheap.
C．Because the food was not good. D．The passage didn’t mention.
2.According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly
.
A．poor old people B．rich young people
C．men with their girl friends D．parents with their children
3.According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant, the food was paid .
A．always by the ladies only B．always by the men only
C．sometimes by the ladies D．either by the men or by the ladies
4.According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, .
A．men are more generous than women
B．women are more generous than men
C．men like their lady friends to be generous.
D．women like their men friends to be generous
The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit – card fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal Web site. Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they bought. The thieves then go shopping with your card number — or sell the information over the Internet.
Computers hackers have broken down security systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago,25 000 customers of CD Universe, an on-line music retailer(批发商),were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157 828 to get back the information.
Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud. MasterCard is working on plans for Web-only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on-line.
However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
Ask about your credit-card firm's on-line rules: Under British law, cardholders are responsible for the first US $78 of any fraudulent spending.
And shop only at secure sites: Send your credit-card information only if the Web site offers-advanced secure system.
If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start with https:// — the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone.
Keep your password safe: Most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with care.
1.What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage?
A．A lot of stolen credit-cards were sold on the Internet.
B．Fraud on the Internet.
C．Many Web sites are destroyed.
D．Many illegal Web sites are on the Internet.
2.What is the meaning of “fraud”?
A．cheating B．sale C．payment D．safety
3.How many pieces of advice does the passage give to you?
A．Four. B．Three. C．Five. D．Six.
4.You are shopping on the site: http://www.shopping.com,and you want to buy a TV set, what does this article suggest doing?
A．Order the TV set at once.
B．Do not buy the TV set on this site.
C．E-mail the site your credit-card information.
D．Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was in a department store with my mom, aunt, and my sister a few days ago. 61 , I am one of those people who do not like to go shopping with my family. However, I decided this time to 62 them.
My aunt and I were 63 for some things to buy for our family when I noticed two 64 on the side. One of them had a little girl sitting on it with her 65 nearby and the other one was 66 . So, I decided to sit down. While I was 67 my own thing there, I 68 that the family were not in front of the 69 anymore. I saw the girl 70 and look around for her family. She came back and I saw her in 71 , crying.
I knew that she 72 her family and was all by herself . Now, I am sure that almost everybody has been lost in a department store or 73 big before and we all know that feeling. 74 I went up to her and asked what was 75 and in between tears she told me she was lost. I 76 her a smile card I just bought. You should have seen the 77 on her face when she read it. Then I went up to customer service center and 78 them what happened. People there promised to 79 her. After I left, the little girl’s parents went there and I could see them looking around for the person who had found their daughter and given her the 80 . Little did they know it was a regular teenager who did it.
1.A．Luckily B．Usually C．Sadly D．Surprisingly
2.A．help B．encourage C．join D．support
3.A．answering B．looking C．preparing D．calling
4.A．chairs B．children C．signs D．toys
5.A．friends B．book C．family D．bags
6.A．clean B．large C．empty D．beautiful
7.A．studying B．carrying C．buying D．doing
8.A．noticed B．believed C．doubted D．understood
9.A．shop B．gift C．girl D．lady
10.A．get up B．come up C．give up D．make up
11.A．return B．detail C．vain D．tears
12.A．hated B．raised C．lost D．lived
13.A．somewhere B．something C．everywhere D．everything
14.A．If B．As C．So D．Or
15.A．important B．wrong C．strange D．different
16.A．lent B．gave C．sent D．posted
17.A．smile B．hope C．puzzle D．worry
18.A．reminded B．warned C．asked D．told
19.A．look out for B．take care of C．wait for D．call up
20.A．courage B．money C．explanation D．card
As a teacher you should your method to the needs of slower students.
A．apply; enable B．adjust; meet C．increase; change D．weigh; shape
Is it true the new drug takes effect, the child with cancer will have a slim chance of survival?
A．when B．that C．whenever D．that when
