Scientists have developed a non-stick chewing gum(口香糖). The new gum can 1. (remove) easily from pavements, shoes and clothes. It’s the result of polymer (聚合体) research at the University of Bristol and could be launched commercially in 2008. 2. it catches on(流行), the product will solve 3. major headache for present authorities around the world.
“A great 4. (disadvantage) of our Clean Gum is that it is easy to remove and has the potential to be 5. (environment) degradable (可降解的),” said Terence Cosgrove, a professor of chemistry 6. helped to found a company called Revolymer to commercialize the technology.
Today’s chewing gums are made 7.synthetic latex(人工制造的乳液), which is resistant to the weather and is strongly sticky. The new gum adds a special polymer to change its properties(特性), 8. (make) it far less sticky.
In two street trials, 9. commercial gums remained stuck to the pavement 10. Clean Gum came away naturally in all cases.
When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was 1 to see that it was an English English dictionary, also known as a monolingual（单语的） dictionary. 2 it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest, I found it extremely 3 to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the 4 bilingual（双语的）dictionaries, in which the words are 5 both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt 6 to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I 7 that monolingual dictionaries are 8 in learning a foreign language.
As I found out, there is in fact often no perfect equivalence(对应) between two 9 in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to 10 that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the 11 meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition(定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. 12 , I have come to see what she meant.
Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) 13 number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 14 exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 15 this, I can express myself more easily in English.
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阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Beijing, Oct. 2, 2008 --- Tourist destinations around the country had at least 4.05 million visitors, up 33.4 percent year-on-year, during the first four days of the week-long national holiday.
The tourism revenue(财政收入) jumped 37.5 percent year-on-year.
This year’s “golden week” National Day holiday runs from Sept. 29 to Oct.5. In previous years, the seven-day holiday kicked off on Oct. 1.
Beijing had a visitor increase of more than 60 percent, with many tourists drawn to see the Olympic venues(场所).
About 920,000 people, up 62 percent year-on-year, visited 21 major tourist sites in Beijing, according to figures released by the office.
The must-see Forbidden City welcomed 120,000 visitors, up 140 percent.
Shanghai saw a 52.2-percent rise in the number of tourists at more than 70 sites.
In Sichuan province, about 107,400 people, an increase of 360 percent from last year, visited the ancient town of Huanglongxi near Chengdu.
Chinese trains carried more than 5.4 million passengers on Wednesday alone, an increase of almost 13 percent. About 557, 300 people traveled by air and 53.2 million people hit the roads on the same day.
[写作内容]
从2008年起，国家调整了假日设置，五一黄金周被取消，增加了传统节日的休假，对此人们评价不一。在今年国庆前，网上流传一些专家和机构的说法，国家将会在近期取消“十一”黄金周，又引起了各种反响。请你对此现象发表意见。
内容要点包括:
以约30个词概括新闻报道；
用约120个词谈谈你的观点，内容包括：
支持者意见：虽然缩短了“五一”长假，但增加了三个传统节日，有利于提高传统文化意识，减轻了旅游地的接待压力，增加了亲人团聚的机会．．．．．．
反对者意见：会导致长假期间的交通更加拥挤，减少了远方的人员回家探亲的机会．．．．．．
你的观点。
[写作要求]
1．你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
[评分标准] 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
假设你叫李明，你的美国笔友Tom得知第16届亚运会将于2010年在广州举行，来信询问亚运会的基本信息，请根据下列要点给他写封回信。
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时间 |
运动会时间：2010年11月12日至27日 取得主办权：2004年7月1日 |
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主题 |
激情盛会，和谐亚洲 |
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规模 |
历届最大 |
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（1）42个比赛项目 |
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（2）12,000参赛运动员； |
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（3）50个比赛场馆 |
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意义 |
传递和平、友谊与问侯 |
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准备工作 |
（1）美化环境， |
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（2）改善交通， |
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（3）修复历史古迹 |
［写作要求］
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
信件首尾句已经给出，不计入总字数。
［评分标准］句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to tell you something about the 16th Asian Games in Guangzhou.
I hope they are what you need and looking forward to the day you come to Guangzhou.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different.
If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. "Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that's God." came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."
If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff(即兴的)remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.
Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.
1.To make your humor work, you should ________.
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A．take advantage of different kinds of audience |
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B．make fun of the disorganized people. |
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C．address different problems to different people. |
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D．show sympathy for your listeners. |
2. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ________.
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A．impolite to new arrivals. |
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B．very conscious of their godlike role. |
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C．entitled to some privileges. |
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D．very busy even during lunch hours. |
3. It can be inferred from the text that public services ________.
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A．have benefited many people. |
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B．are the focus of public attention. |
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C．are an inappropriate subject for humor. |
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D．have often been the laughing stock. |
4.To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered ________.
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A．in well-worded language. |
B．as awkwardly as possible. |
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C．in exaggerated statement. |
D．as casually as possible. |
5. The best title for the text may be ________.
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A．Use Humor Effectively. |
B．Various Kinds of Humor. |
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C．Add Humor to Speech. |
D．Different Humor Strategies. |
When Charles Strattion was five, he stopped growing. His mother took him to see the famous showman, P.T.Barnum, and thought a small person would be the perfect addition to his show. He hired Charles’ parents along with him, and they traveled around the world together.
He gave the two-foot-tall Charles a new name, general Tom Thumb. He taught Tom how to sing, dance, act, and tell jokes. When he felt Tom was ready to perform on stage, he made up ads. To stir up great interest, he said that Tom was eleven years old and had come from England.
During the show, Tom fought battles pretendedly with tall people. He also danced upon a wooden plate held by a person who was eight feet tall.
Tom’s act was very popular and brought in a lot of money. By the time Tom was an adult, he had grown very rich. He had become a billionaire at the age of twenty-five.
Fortunately for Tom, Mr. Barnum added more little people to his show, and Tom became lucky in love as well. One of the little people was Lavinia Warren, a school teacher. Tom was able to win her love, and they married.
The ceremony and reception were the talk of the town. They were attended by many rich and famous people and by about two thousand guests. Crowds filled the streets of New York to have a look at their tiny wedding carriage. The couple even met with President Abraham Lincoln on their honeymoon, just before going to live in Tom’s house in Connecticut.
Their wedding, which took place during the Civil War, provided a welcome escape from the sad problems of war. Not willing to let this bit of sunshine fade, communities throughout the country sponsored “Tom Thumb” weddings. In these weddings, small boys and girls, all dressed up, went through marriage ceremony for fun.
1.“the talk of the town” means _________ .
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A．they were in the newspaper |
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B．people spread mean rumors about them |
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C．they were the most popular things happening |
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D．they were discussed in a city meeting |
2.What does the author think about Tom Thumb’s wedding?
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A．People gave it too much of their attention. |
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B．It helped people cheer up in a dark time. |
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C．It was funny and ridiculous. |
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D．Tom and Lavinia were stupid. |
3.Which of the following is the best clue to the fact that Tom was smart?
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A．He became a billionaire at twenty-five. |
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B．He learned how to sing, dance, and act at a very young age. |
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C．He met with President Lincoln during his honeymoon. |
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D．He married a school teacher. |
4. It was very funny when Tom danced on a wooden plate held by a person who was eight feet tall because ________ .
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A．the wooden plate would make it sound as if Tom were tap dancing |
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B．it made Tom feel taller |
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C．the eight-foot-tall man was the only tall person Tom trusted |
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D．the difference between them would make Tom look even smaller |
5.What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
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A．Weddings always make people feel full of sunshine. |
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B．People are always disappointed during wartime. |
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C．Entertainment can serve an important purpose. |
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D．People should be married even if they are small. |
