Life on earth depends on water, and there is no substitute for it. The current assumption is that our basic needs for water — whether for drinking, agriculture, industry or the raising of fish will always have to be met . Given that premise (前提), there are two basic routes we can go: more equal access to water or better engineering solutions.
Looking at the engineering solution first, a lot of my research concentrates on what happens to wetlands when you build dams in river basins, particularly in Africa. The ecology of such areas is almost entirely driven by the seasonal changes of the river — the pulse of the water. And the fact is that if you build a dam, you generally spoil the downstream ecology. In the past, such problems have been hidden by a lack of information. But in the near future, governments will have no excuse for their ignorance.
The engineers’ ability to control water flows has created new kinds of unpredictability, too. Dams in Africa have meant fewer fish, less grazing and less floodplain (洪泛区) agriculture — none of which were expected. And their average economic life is assumed to be thirty years. Dams don’t exist forever, but what will replace them is not clear.
The challenge for the future is to find new means of controlling water. Although GM technology (转基因) will allow us to breed better dry-land crops, there is no market for companies to develop crops suitable for the micro-climates of the Sahel and elsewhere in Africa. Who is going to pay for research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World?
1.What’s the main idea of this passage?
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A．The engineering solutions to water resource and their limitation. |
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B．The challenge for the future. |
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C．The basic means of controlling water. |
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D．The challenge for developing crops. |
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true for meeting our basic needs for water?
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A．Water resource should be used more reasonably. |
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B．More dams should be built in river basins. |
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C．More wetlands should be protected from destruction. |
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D．More dry-land crops could be developed in Africa. |
3. The author suggests that governments will have no excuse for their careless ignorance in the future because .
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A．The ecological destruction will be known to the public by researchers |
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B．The ecological destruction will no longer be a problem in the future |
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C．The future is an information age |
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D．Governments will face greater challenge in the future |
4.The author mentions all the problems caused by dams EXCEPT .
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A．fewer fish |
B．less grazing land |
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C．less floodplain agriculture |
D．less farming land |
5.The last sentence probably implies that .
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A．No one will invest in developing locally appropriate crops in Africa |
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B．Researchers have no interest in developing dry-land crops |
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C．Research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World may be profitable |
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D．There is less water resource in the Third Worldk*s*5u |
Moral science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect. Perhaps part of the problem lies in the fact that morality is not a science, strictly speaking. It is too much of a social phenomenon, and also has too much of the personal and subjective things mixed within. Besides, morality itself changes with generations, so it is impossible to be printed in a normal textbook.
I remember sitting through forty minutes of moral lessons, which told stories about little children who never told lies and were rewarded for their goodness. It had little effect and left no impression on me, though.
If moral science has to be taught as a subject in schools, it needs a participatory approach. When you tell a child about moral, you also have to deal with social norms( 社会规范) and cultural differences. You have to explain that morality can be subjective, and be able to co-exist in society. You will probably have to refer to the morals at the present time.
The best way to tell a child how to live is to show him what is valued. If a child likes his friend, you have to make the child think about why. Once the child notices and recognizes goodness in others, he or she is likely to develop it as well.
In fact, children learn most of their morals by watching people around them. They absorb behaviour patterns from teachers and older students. They watch to see what is rewarded and who is punished. They learn on the sports field and through social work. Moral science lessons should simply consist of letting them live and interact, and watch you support correct values and reward good behaviour.
1.Which is NOT the reason that moral science is taught in schools with little effect?
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A．Morality doesn’t belong to a science |
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B．Morality is more like a social phenomenon. |
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C．Different generations have different moral ideas. |
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D．Morality can’t be written down in textbooks. |
2. The author describes his own experience of learning moral lessons in order to .
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A．explain that telling lies is not moral for little children |
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B．advise that people should be rewarded for their goodness |
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C．prove that moral lessons in schools have little effect |
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D．show that he has no impression of moral science |
3.When you tell a child about morals, you should .
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A．teach him to share personal moral ideas with others |
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B．tell him about social norms and cultural differences |
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C．explain that nobody can influence his moral ideas |
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D．say that the morals at the present time will be changed |
4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?
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A．The best way of teaching children about morals. |
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B．The value of teachers setting a good example. |
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C．The influence of people’s behavior on morals. |
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D．The importance of rewarding good behavior. |
A strong wind was blowing hard, thunder was rumbling, and lightning flashed across the dark sky. Rain was 36 down; it looked as if heaven had been broken open.
Gleams of light appeared from windows of 37 houses, shining like jewels in all the dark.
A 38 woman dressed in rags and trembling with cold was 39 on a lonely road, while the merciless rain was 40 her without pause. She knocked at the door, and a 41 answered it. She begged him to let her stay a while 42 . The boy then let her into the sitting room and 43 her sitting by the fire.
The woman 44 old and tired under the bright electric light, 45 she was only in her early thirties. She sat 46 for a moment, and then her eyes began to look about the 47 . When her wandering eyes rested on the picture of a young man, she 48 up, looking thunderstruck. Just then, the boy came with his 49 . The man at once recognized the woman as his 50 . They had 51 touch with each other during the war, and he thought he had lost her forever.
52 words needed to be spoken, They embraced each other 53 the boy stared at them, puzzled. k*s*5u
The storm was over and the sky cleared. Feeling very 54 , the couple stood face to face with their child between them, watching the rain as it gradually 55 .
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With her health ____________________, she had to quit the job she loved.
A. broken down B. broke down C. having broken down D to break down
She is popular among her classmates, ________________ she can be annoying at times.
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A．in case |
B．as if |
C．even if |
D．so that |
The flood this summer caused serious _______________ to the crops in Northeast China.
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A．damage |
B．harm |
C．hurt |
D．injury |
