A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” he says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice (新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.
1.Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
C．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
2.According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________.
A．their frequent driving at night
B．their lack of driving experience
C．their improper way of driving
D．their driving with passengers
3.According to Paragraph 3．which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.
B．Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C．Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D．Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
4.The most suitable measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________ .
A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B．they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C．the licensing system should be improved
D．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
Why should I teach my children history? That sounds like a stupid question to even ask. But, as I hear different home schooling teachers discuss history, I get the idea that there may be different reasons for teaching history. Let me briefly explain the three good reasons for studying history and two bad reasons for studying history.
The major reason I see for studying history is that we can learn from the past. I am convinced that the world would be a much better place if more people understood the successes and failures of the past and the things that made these successes and failures. However, as the unfortunately true statement goes "the one thing we seem to learn from history is that we don't seem to learn from history." Perhaps at least in teaching history, to my children I can do a small part in changing this.
A second major reason for studying history is that it is hard to understand the current political climate in the absence of an understanding of its historical context. We can- not even understand why we are and where we are without history, much less (更不必说) try to figure out where we are going or how we should get where we want to be.
I teach my children history, for one more reason. I purchased a set of historical audio (录音机) tapes for our children. My seven-year-old son listened to them over and over. It was my hope that he would become inspired by the accomplishments of people like the Wright brothers to accomplish things by himself. I think that it is good that we celebrate the accomplishments of people like Martin Luther King Jr. if, in doing so, young people are called on to stand for the principles that he stood for and accomplish what he accomplishe D．I also think that by studying people like Adolph Hitler, people can learn to stand against the things that he stood for.
1.What message can we get from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 ?
A．Many people fail to make good use of history and make the same mistakes.
B．Many people aren't clever enough to learn well from the past.
C．Many people feel it hard to understand history.
D．Many people have no interest in studying history.
2.Some historical figures are mentioned in the last paragraph to show ______________.
A．people can be inspired to do good, while also learning to fight against evil
B．people may also learn from bad historical figures
C．more celebrations should be held to honor their achievements
D．today’s people can also achieve what they achieved
3.What would be talked about in the following paragraph?
A．How to teach history effectively.
B．How to get more people to study history.
C．Some negative reasons for studying history.
D．Some bad historical figures.
4.The main purpose of this passage is to ____________.
A．inspire the parents to teach their children history
B．show the importance of history in politics
C．explain the reasons why children study history
D．introduce the writer' s own way of teaching history
Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need．It has been demonstrated（证明）that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins(维生素) to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles．When a fragrant（香的）flavor（作料）was added to the vitamin-enriched water, the rats did seem to prefer it and kept drinking it ,even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water．In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were．
In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria（自助） feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them．They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in．We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet．
So, in choosing food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them．Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom”, which humans soon lose．Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could．Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-formed habits．Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs．So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them．
1.In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rats’ drinking water to _____________ .
A．encourage rats to drink vitamins-enriched water
B．test whether rats know which drink is good for them
C．find out rats’ preference in flavor
D．demonstrate the vitamins are tasteless
2.According to the passage ,adults eating habits differ from those of babies because_________．
A．adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health
B．adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods
C．adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns
D．adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs
3.The author implied in the passage that most of us_________．
A．eat a balanced diet
B．choose the food that is of nutrition
C．have the habits influenced by the surroundings
D．like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor．
4.As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that_________．
A．both prefer flavored food and drink
B．both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet
C．both have the same eating patterns
D．both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors
“Hey, Dad, are you going to come to my award ceremony tonight? ”I 36 asked my father. “I have to work late tonight. I doubt whether I’ll be able to 37 it on time. I am just too busy right now, ”he replied.
My mind could not 38 the idea that he would be too busy working late. He was also too busy to 39 my horse show, football games and the 15th birthday party. He always used the same 40 . Why had I even bothered to ask? 41 , there was always a slight hope that
As my mother and I arrived at school, two friends 43 me. “Jill, meet my da D．Dad, this is my friend Jill. ”I shook the hand of a tall man. Camera flashes lit up the room, and claps filled the 44 as students accepted their awards. My name was finally called, 45 three others. I followed my classmates to the 46 . When I reached out my hand to shake the 47 , a big smile lit up her face. The blinding flash from my mother’s camera 48 my eyes and I knew my dad wasn’t there. I walked back to my seat 49 .
Back at home, seeing my dad’s car in the garage, I told myself he would not be 50 this time . But as usual the strong smell of alcohol hit me as soon as I 51 inside, and I could feel my tears 52 . I followed the sound of his drunken words and saw him 53 on the couch.
54 did father lie to me? I threw my award on the floor, walked to my bedroom, and shut the door. Tears rolled down my face. I wondered if I would ever be more 55 than his whiskey bottle.
1.A．confidently B．eagerly C．proudly D．fearfully
2.A．reach B．keep C．take D．make
3.A．create B．support C．appreciate D．accept
4.A．watch B．avoid C．attend D．speed
5.A．excuse B．reply C．promise D．trick
6.A．Besides B．Thus C．Otherwise D．However
7.A．active B．formal C．different D．serious
8.A．recognized B．greeted C．encouraged D．showed
9.A．air B．audience C．school D．playground
10.A．apart from B．other than C．except for D．along with
11.A．stage B．position C．office D．exit
12.A．Jill’s B．teacher’s C．mother’s D．father’s
13.A．fixed B．touched C．hurt D．spotted
14.A．successfully B．disappointedly C．delightedly D．hopefully
15.A．drunk B．woken C．forgiven D．hidden
16.A．stepped B．noticed C．examined D．glanced
17.A．getting off B．falling down C．building up D．turning around
18.A．leaning B．lying C．putting D．carrying
19.A．How B．Where C．Why D．Whether
20.A．perfect B．comfortable C．fortunate D．important
Many of the students applied to the university , but ________of them is admitted .
A．None B．No one C．Neither D．all
The door opened and in ______ .
A．came she B．did she come
C．did Miss Gao come D．she came
