—Why are you so late?
—The driver couldn't see clearly because of the fog．____, the road was too icy．
A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides
With your brother's help, I've made great progress in English and I really want to do something for him ____．
A．in turn B．by turns C.in return D．in answer
—I am afraid this pair of shoes is a little expensive．
—If you really want to buy them, I will give you a ____ of 10 percent．
A．quantity B．amount C．discount D．account
—Have you heard ____ news that over 10,000 people lost their lives in the earthquake in Japan?
—Not yet．What ____ big surprise!
A．the; a B．the; / C．/; / D．/; a
根据素质教育的要求，学校开设了选修课，成立了各种社团组织。请根据下列要点，给校报写一篇文章，讨论这些措施对学生成长的益处。
一、选修课满足学生兴趣的需要，拓展了学生的知识面，是学生课堂知识的巩固和补充。
二、社团活动为培养学生的组织能力和社交能力提供了平台，有利于中学生更好地熟悉和融入社会。
三、参加学修课活动不可人选我也选，应根据自己的兴趣和爱好。参加社团活动应以不影响日常学习为主。
要求：1. 表达准确，语言连贯；
2. 词数：120—150词左右（开头已经给出，不计入总数）。
参考词汇：选修课 selective courses
It is good that the schools have opened selective courses for the students, whose interests will be met and knowledge expanded.
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。
Color use in nature
Nature is very colorful, full of different hues（色调）that delight the eye. What makes these colors and why do they exist?
Causes of Colors in Nature
Colors in nature are formed in two ways. Pigments, like the melanin in skin and many animal furs, produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows. Most plants are green due to chlorophyll（叶绿素）. Other colors are caused by structure, like many greens, blues, and whites. Blue bird’s feathers actually contain black pigment, but their structure causes them to appear blue. The scattering of light by tiny dust particles in the air, viewed against the black background of space, makes the sky look blue too.
Color Use in Plants
Color has a great effect on the survival of plants and animals. Flowers have bright hues and patterns to attract insects. These insects move from one flower to another, making sure seeds are produced. Bees can see colors we cannot, i.e. ultraviolet, and follow these patterns of stripes or dots to the inside of the flower.
Not only flowers but also fruits use color for the good of the plant. An unripe fruit mixes in with the leaves, but ripe berries contrast, becoming more appealing to the creatures who eat them. Birds are especially drawn to red fruit, and in turn help the plant by broadcasting its seeds.
Camouflage（伪装）in Nature
Many colors and patterns camouflage animals who want to avoid enemies. Some animals have damaging shapes to break up their outline, so an enemy will not recognize them. The eye, a very recognizable animal characteristic, is often disguised by a black stripe or patch. Light color below makes up for the shadow on the underside of many fish, amphibians and mammals.
Some animals even change colors to better camouflage themselves, seasonally like the snowshoe hare.
Warning Coloration and Mimicry（动态伪装）
Warning colors make an animal more visible rather than hidden. These usually indicate a negative aspect of the animal, like the bad taste of a monarch butterfly, smelly smell or painful bite of a bee. Usually black and a contrasting color (white, yellow, orange or red) form a striking pattern in these creatures, and frighten their enemies away. Nature is tricky, though, and sometimes harmless creatures pretend the patterns of harmful ones to scare off animals living on meat too.
Social Coloration in Nature
Sometimes coloration is important socially. Male birds, typically more colorful, defend their territories and attract females. Eggs may use color and pattern to remain hidden. When they hatch, parents feed the nestlings when they see the bright pattern in their gaping mouths.
Taking a closer look at nature throws light on how color is used in marvelous ways!
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Color use in nature |
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___1.____ for colors in nature |
Many colors are caused by 2. which produce most blacks, browns, reds and yellows. |
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Other colors exist due to 3. , like blue bird’s feathers, which appear blue but actually contain black pigment. |
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Color use in Plants |
Flowers have bright hues and patterns to attract insects, and then insects’ moving from one flower to another makes seeds 4. . |
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Fruits use colors, ripe color for example, to protect and help 5. . |
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Color use in animals |
Colors help many animals 6. their killers. For example, damaging shapes can break up their outline, so an enemy will not recognize them. |
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Some animals, like snowshoe hares, 7. change colors to camouflage them. |
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Using warning colors to make themselves more8. , thus frightening their enemies away. |
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Harmless creatures 9. to be those harmful ones to scare off their enemies. |
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Social use in nature |
Animals use colors to defend their territories and attract the 10. sex. |
