First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱)injury and paralysis(瘫痪).
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词)ABC, which stands for:
A---Airway: is it open and clear?
B---Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C---Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding extremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
1. First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT____.
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A．saving a victim’s life |
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B．preventing a victim’s condition from getting worse. |
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C．relieving a victim from pain |
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D．helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury |
2. Before we administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us ____.
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A．to make sure what to do and what not to do |
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B．to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid |
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C．to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing |
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D．to take him/her to a hospital at once |
3.In administering first aid to a victim, you should first of all ____.
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A．remove him from the accident scene |
B．turn him over |
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C．call for professional medical help |
D．examine him carefully |
4.The purpose of the passage is to tell the reader _____.
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A．the importance of protecting the accident scene |
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B．some basic facts about first aid |
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C．what professional medical help is |
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D．who can offer first aid |
Many families find that when it comes to a Caribbean getaway, they prefer bigger hotels. If you’re considering an Aruba vacation, there are plenty of resorts that will suit your every need.
Aruba Marriott Resort and Casino(娱乐场)
This resort is on Aruba’s famous palm Beach, and has the largest rooms of all Aruba hotels. A recent upgrade gives it a very fashionable look and feel. The resort offers excellent services on site including delicate fine dining and a 24-hour casino.
Hyatt Regency Aruba Resort
Popular with families, this resort stands out by its style and elegance. The most attractive aspect is the Spanish-style architecture and garden-like grounds. you will find waterfalls flowing into the beautiful man-made lake which add to the relaxing atmosphere. This hotel offers plenty to enjoy.
Renaissance Aruba Ocean Suites
This resort is absolutely fantastic for families with young children and features 40 acres of private beaches. The pool complex (建筑群)features several outdoor pools, two pool-side bars, and a swim-up bar. There is also a kids club which offers many activities. Guests at this hotel even have full access to the Radisson Aruba Resort Casino & Spring.
Occidental Grand Aruba
This resort is set on a beautiful white sandy beach and offers everything from sailing to late-night dancing. There is always plenty to do on the resort free of charge, but if you want to pay a little extra you can book yourself in for deep-sea fishing, golf, or private tennis lessons.
1.What is the main characteristic of Hyatt Regency Aruba Resort?
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A．Its large rooms. |
B．Its sandy beach |
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C．Its outdoor pools. |
D．Its style and elegance. |
2.If you want your children to enjoy themselves you’d better choose_____.
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A．Aruba Marriott Resort |
B．Occidental Grand Aruba |
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C．Hyatt Regency Aruba Resort |
D．Renaissance Aruba Ocean Suites |
3.The author writes the passage to ________.
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A．introduce |
B．educate |
C．reason |
D．persuade |
In 1886 explorer Robert Peary traveled to Greenland for the U.S. Navy. Before his journey, no one knew Greenland’s size or shape. On Peary’s first trips, he explored Greenland, mapping parts of it.
When Peary returned to the United States, he went to a businessman to sell some furs. There he met Matthew Henson, an African American mechanic, builder and navigator. When Peary went to Nicaragua on a Navy mission(任务),Henson went with him. When that job was over, the two headed to the Arctic.
Henson and Peary set sail for Greenland. When they landed, Henson built a house for their base camp. Peary and his men set out to explore the land by dog sledge(雪橇). Henson was injured and had to stay at the base. While there, he made friends with the Inuit, the native people.
In 1895 Henson, Peary and Hugh Lee went out on another dog sledge journey. This time, they found Greenland’s northernmost point. They now knew that the North Pole lay under the frozen Arctic Ocean. Peary had hoped to cross the ice. but the group ran out of food and returned to base camp. In the years that followed, Peary and Henson tried several times to reach the North Pole, but each time they failed. On one trip, Peary’s feet froze, and he lost his toes（脚趾）.
Peary and Henson planned last trip when Peary was 53 years old. They started across the sea ice from Ellesmere Island, which is located（位于） north of Canada. The temperature dropped as low as—51 degrees Celsius. The explores’ cheeks froze , and they suffered snow blindness from the sun’s glare. They experienced high winds and storms, and they also faced a hidden danger. Under the frozen ocean were powerful currents（潮流）. The ice moved and broke apart leaving open water, called leads. Twice Peary fell into leads. But eventually he and Henson became the first persons to reach the North Pole.
1. What did Peary and Henson find in 1895?
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A．Greenland is near the Artic Ocean. |
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B．Ellesmere Island is located north of Canada. |
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C．The North Pole is located in the Artic Ocean. |
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D．Greenland’s northernmost point is the North Pole. |
2. Which of the following words can be used to describe Peary?
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A．Determined. |
B．Modest. |
C．Generous. |
D．Honest. |
3.What was the potential danger that Peary and Henson faced on their last trip?
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A．Snow blindness. |
B．High winds. |
C．Storms. |
D．Leads. |
4.The best title for the passage might be “____”.
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A．The mapping of the Arctic Ocean. |
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B．Peary and Henson: Arctic explorers |
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C．Early explorers’ trips to the South Pole |
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D．Henson and Peary: discoverers of Greenland |
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year of college I had to look for another place to live in. One Sunday after church the pastor(牧师) 36 me to stay in his daughter’s room because she was studying abroad for one year.
To be honest, I really didn’t want to stay with the pastor’s family. 37 then he old me how much rent would be—a very 38__ figure that included one home-cooked meal a day. I thought about it and 39 to move in.
At the end of the term I had planned to make 40 living arrangements, since the daughter was to 41 home. But they suggested I 42 a room with their son. By this time I seemed to have been adopted（收养）into their 43 -- her people became my people. I 44 accepted the offer.
As I emptied the daughter’s bedroom, I thought it might be 45 to have a little sister. But when I later met her, I 46 that this idea of looking after her might be more interesting than I first 47 .
We finally fell in love, married, and have been 48 one another for many years. There have been times that life turned out to be 49 than either of us could have known. But we have always been able to go 50 _ largely because we knew that somebody deeply cared.
It isn’t about marriage—it’s about 51 _ . It’s about mothers and fathers, sisters and brothers and special friends who are as 52 _ as family. It’s about anybody who can say, “I’ll be 53 -- you can count on me. I’ll try to look after you and 54 I will need you to look after me.”
Is there somebody you can 55 ? And is someone counting on you? We travel the path of life best when there is someone to look after, and when someone is looking after us.
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____ by his grandparents, Jimmy wasn’t used to living with his parents.
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A．To bring up |
B．To be brought up |
C．brought up |
D．Being brought up |
After living there for one year, they have ____ there.
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A．accustomed to working |
B．accustomed to work |
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C．been accustomed to work |
D．been accustomed to working |
