If teens could reduce the salt they take in every day by 3,000 milligrams (mg), they would cut their risk of heart disease and stroke(中风) greatly in adulthood, researchers say.
Based on the results of a computer modeling analysis, researchers found that a 3,000 mg reduction in sodium(钠) by teenagers could reduce hypertension by 30 percent to 43 percent when they become adults.
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that may have no symptoms for years, but can eventually cause serious health conditions, including heart attack and stroke.
Other benefits over time as teens hit 50 years of age include a 7-12 percent reduction in coronary heart disease(冠心病), an 8-14 percent reduction in heart attacks, and a 5-8 percent reduction in stroke.
Fast food typically contains too much sodium. One bag of Nacho Cheese Doritos has 310 milligrams. Pizza is one of the biggest problems for teens when it comes to sodium, according to data from the National Center for Health Statistics.
“The additional benefit of lower salt intake early is that we can hopefully change the expectations of how food should taste, ideally to something slightly less salty,” says Dr. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, the lead author of the study and associate professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco.
“Most of the salt we eat is not from our salt shaker(盐瓶), but salt that is already added in food that we eat.” she added.
1.Which is a benefit of a low sodium diet according to the text?
A．No risk of heart disease. B．Smaller chance of stroke.
C．Low blood pressure. D．Slightly more heart attacks.
2.According to the text, 3,000 mg less salt intake daily will reduce hypertension by ________ in adulthood.
A．7%-12% B．8%-14% C．30%-43% D．5%-8%
3.What does Dr Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo mean in the last two paragraphs?
A．A lower sodium diet can get teenagers used to less salty food.
B．A good eating habit can help teens have less junk food.
C．Teens should avoid pizzas and other salty foods.
D．We can add more salt from our salt shaker to the food.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Teens Cutting Salt for Healthier Adulthood
B．Diet and Health
C．Sodium Brings Health Concerns
D．A Cause of Hypertension
As the forceful king of Macedonia(马其顿), Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian Empire, becoming a hero that would survive centuries after his death.
Born in 356 B.C., Alexander III was the son of Philip II and Olympias. Alexander’s parents wanted him to receive the finest education, and arranged for him to study under Aristotle, regarded as one of the greatest scholars.
Alexander’s father was a strong leader. Philip II built an impressive army and established the Macedonian kingdom; he was even planning to attack Persia shortly before his death.
In 336, Philip was murdered by one of his guards. Although it was obvious that the guard had a personal hatred, there are clues that other people were related to it.
After Alexander was cleared as a suspect, he succeeded his father without opposition, and killed those said to be responsible for his father’s murder, as well as all rivals. He was then just 20 years old. He then prepared to attack Persia.
In the spring of 334, Alexander led the army made up of nearly 50,000 soldiers into Asia, which is called “the most powerful military expedition ever to leave Greece”, He soundly defeated the Persian army at the Granicus River, sending a strong message to Darius III, leader of the Persian Empire.
In 333, Alexander faced Darius at Issus, a mountain pass. The Macedonian army was greatly outnumbered but able to work the narrow mountain passageway to their advantage. Darius managed to escape. Continuing down the Mediterranean Coast, Alexander took every city in his path.
In 332 Alexander declared Egypt to be part of the Greek Empire and was crowned Pharaoh(法老).
When Alexander left Egypt in 331, he defeated the Persians again and was crowned leader of Asia.
In 323, however, Alexander developed a fever on the way back home and died 10 days later at Babylon. He was just 33 years old.
1.What can we know about Philip’s death?
A．He was killed by someone intending to take power from him.
B．Alexander sent someone who hated Philip to kill him.
C．His death was related to his plan of fighting Persia.
D．The murder might be organized by a group of people.
2.The Macedonian army could defeat the Persians at Issus mainly because _________.
A．Darius didn’t command his army in the battlefield
B．Macedonian soldiers were more than the Persian soldiers
C．Macedonian soldiers could fight better at the mountain pass
D．Macedonia was more powerful than the Persian Empire
3.In which order did Alexander do the following things?
a．Totally overthrew the Persian Empire.
b．Defeated the Persian army at Issus.
c．Was crowned Pharaoh of Egypt.
d．Defeated the Persian army at the Granicus River.
e．Became the leader of Macedonia.
A．e, d, b, c, a B．d, e, a, c, b
C．e, b, d, c, a D．d, a, c, e, b
4.According to the passage, we can infer _________.
A．Aristotle taught Alexander how to defeat other nations
B．Alexander was happy about his father’s death
C．Persia is tougher to defeat than Egypt
D．Macedonia soon declined after Alexander died
It is six o’clock in the morning. You are asleep in my left arm and I am learning the art of one-handed typing. Your mother, more tired yet more happy than I’ve ever known her, is sound asleep in the room next door.
When you’re older we’ll tell you that you were born in Hong Kong in the lunar year of the pig. “It's a boy, so lucky,” our neighbours told us. They said you were the first baby to be born in the block this year. This, they told us, was good Feng Shui, in other words, a positive sign. Naturally your mother and I were only too happy to believe that.
Your coming has turned me upside down and inside out. I am pained by the memory of each suffering child I have come across on my journeys as a journalist. To tell you the truth, it’s nearly too much for me to even think of the children being hurt and abused and killed.
Last October, in Afghanistan, when you were growing inside your mother, I met Sharja, aged twelve, motherless, fatherless, guiding me through the grey ruins of her home. Everything was gone, she told me.
There is another memory of Rwanda, and the churchyard where I found a mother and her three young children huddled(蜷缩) together where they’d been beaten to death. The children had died holding on to their mother.
Daniel, these memories explain some of the protectiveness I feel for you, and the occasional moments of blind terror when I imagine anything bad happening to you.
1.We can see that this text is written to ________.
A．the author’s wife B．the author’s neighbour
C．Daniel D．a suffering child
2.The author mentions some of his painful memories because ________.
A．he wants his son to care for others
B．he feels more pain thinking about them as a father
C．he hopes to forget the tragedies he witnessed
D．his experience has affected his mental health
3.The underlined word “blind” in the last paragraph means ________.
A．unable to see B．meaningful
C．not clear D．not based on reason
4.Which of the following words best describes the author’s feeling when typing this text?
A．Relieved. B．Regretful. C．Loving. D．Calm.
It was a cold, wet day on June 6, 2010, when 14-year-old Wasana arrived at school. Waiting outside his classroom for his classmates to 36 , Wasana stared at the 37 . Then his eyes fell upon the 18-metre-high hill that 38 at the back of the classroom.
He 39 large amounts of rainwater flowing down the hill, and water was also bubbling(冒泡) at the base of a rock on the hill. For a few minutes, Wasana 40 the water, wondering why it looked so 41 . Then it hit him — the 42 was similar to the video he was shown during Disaster Management classes. Fearing a 43 disaster, he shouted 44 at the students waiting outside their classrooms. “Run, run, don't stay here! The 45 on the hill is going to fall on us!”
Chaos(混乱) broke out as the 46 ran to the open area that had been appointed as an emergency gathering point. When some teachers 47 Wasana, he showed them the water gushing from the hill, and they started leading the students to safer ground.
Just then Principal Gurusinghe drove into the school. Wasana ran over to tell him what was happening. After 48 the site, Gurusinghe knew the school was in 49 . The enormous rock at the top of the hill could come crashing down 50 .
51 a group of teachers and older students, Gurusinghe climbed the hill and tried to make the water flow away from the rock. They were too 52 : ten minutes later, they heard screams as the huge rock rushed down the hill. There was little Gurusinghe and his group could do as they watched the earth 53 their classrooms. Thanks to Wasana’s 54 action and careful observation, 55 was hurt in the incident.
1.A．arrive B．rest C．dine D．chat
2.A．book B．sun C．rain D．hill
3.A．placed B．stood C．hid D．faced
4.A．noticed B．felt C．knew D．heard
5.A．shouted at B．aimed at C．glared at D．stared at
6.A．interesting B．dangerous C．moving D．familiar
7.A．show B．scene C．site D．view
8.A．going B．heading C．coming D．leaving
9.A．happily B．wildly C．rudely D．angrily
10.A．rock B．sand C．tree D．water
11.A．principals B．villagers C．students D．climbers
12.A．questioned B．blamed C．instructed D．approached
13.A．examining B．visiting C．choosing D．clearing
14.A．security B．relief C．danger D．damage
15.A．for the moment B．at any minute
C．at one time D．for once
16.A．Taking B．Helping C．Demanding D．Leading
17.A．late B．unique C．nervous D．strange
18.A．occupy B．threaten C．swallow D．enter
19.A．legal B．quick C．united D．direct
20.A．someone B．only one C．anyone D．no one
It’s nearly 5 years since I worked in the company. I _______ in a school.
A．taught B．was teaching
C．am teaching D．had been teaching
Thank you for giving up your coffee break to help. I know you always need _________after three classes.
A．that B．one C．it D．this
