第二节：写作（30分）
据报道,自从”限塑令”实施一年来,我国塑料袋消耗减少近500亿个。”限塑令”的实施促使消费者已养成自带购物袋和重复使用塑料袋的习惯,这在一定程度上抑制了白色污染,增强了人民群众的环保意识。请结合你自己周围的情况,谈谈你的观点.词数120左右。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分45分）
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。
Most people agree that the direct American personality is a virtue, but it sometimes surprises foreigners. In many cultures, respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings. But in the US, children often argue with their parents, students may disagree with their teachers, and citizens may express opposition to the actions of the government. If the soup has a fly in it or the meat is too tough to chew, the diner can complain to the waiter. If the boss makes a mistake, an employee will politely point it out.
Some straight talks about the American character must include the admission that Americans have their faults. The extremely competitive nature of Americans is probably their worst fault. Although sometimes it may promote excellence by encouraging individuals and businesses to try to do their best, the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people to do thing that are unkind and even dishonest. Also, Americans admire what is practical, fast, efficient, and fresh. Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices that have greater respect for more traditional and more leisurely ways of doing things. On the other hand, people from other cultures may dislike the practical, challenging American lifestyle.
Despite culture differences, most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues. Americans are generally viewed as friendly and energetic. Most newcomers to the US like American, and the feeling is usually mutual(相互的). Perhaps the greatest American virtue is a deep interest in new ideas and new people. In a nation of immigrants, the foreigner does not remain an outsider for long.
1. What American virtues can we learn from the passage? (List three within 10 words.)
(1)____________________________________________________________________________
(2) ___________________________________________________________________________
(3) ___________________________________________________________________________
2. For what purpose does the writer give us some examples in the first paragraph? (Please answer within 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the writer mainly talk about in Paragraph 2?
(Please answer within 10 words)
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following gone?
Most immigrants think highly of the American virtues although they are different in culture.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.
___________________________________________________________________________
D
A mysterious machine found in a 2,000-year-old Greek shipwreck may have been used to calculate the positions of planets, predict when eclipses (日、月蚀) were to occur, and study other parts of astronomy (天文学). When it was found underwater about 100 years ago, the machine was in poor shape. Its metal pieces had become one mass (堆), and then broke into pieces.
When the researchers began to study what was left of the machine, they thought it might have something to do with astronomy. To find out more, they recently used advanced imaging methods, including X-ray computer tomography (断层摄影术), to look inside the metal parts and to check for ancient writing on the machine.
According to their research, the researchers believed that this machine could have been used to compute eclipses of the sun and moon and was also able to show the movements of planets. A user could pick a day in the future and, work out a planet’s position on that date by moving some sort of crank (曲柄) on the machine.
Besides, the researchers discovered that the machine had at least 30 bronze gears (齿轮) with as many as 225 teeth, likely all cut by hand.
With all the collected information, the researchers came up with a new model for how the machine operated. The model has 29 of the 30 known gears and five more that were probably there but never found. Also，the new picture adds a previously undiscovered spiral dial (螺旋刻度盘) to the back of the machine near the bottom. A hand moving around the dial could have pointed to eclipses over a period of 18 years.
71. The passage is most probably taken from _____.
A. a short-story collection
B. a popular science magazine
C. a political report
D. an old personal diary
72. What is the passage mainly about?
A. New research on calculating the positions of planets.
B. A popular way of computing eclipses of the sun and moon.
C. Scientists’ interest in the secrets of a 2,000-year-old Greek shipwreck.
D. A mysterious machine which could be used for astronomical research.
73. What do we learn from the third paragraph of the passage?
A. The machine might have been used to calculate the positions of the planets.
B. Scientists made great progress in predicting eclipses of the sun and moon.
C. The researchers discovered some secrets in the Greek shipwreck.
D. The machine can be of great help for people working out the sizes of planets.
74. The researchers made a new model because they____.
A. wished to repair the broken machine
B. wanted to study the shipwreck more conveniently
C. hoped to know how the machine worked
D. expected it to be used in modern scientific research
75. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the old machine?
A. It has 35 gears on it.
B. It has a spiral dial.
C. It was invented about 100 years ago.
D. Its gears have many teeth.
B
Have you ever wondered why you sometimes take an almost immediate liking to a person you have just met? We often get the first impression of a people based on the color of a person’s skin or the manner in which he or she dressed. Meaning is conveyed not only by words or verbal languages but also by nonverbal communication systems, such as body behaviors.
Nonverbal communication is important because we use the actions of others to learn about their affective emotional states .Our emotions are reflected in our posture, face, and eyes—be it fear, joy, anger, or sadness—so we can express them without ever saying a word .For this reason, most of us rely heavily on what we learn through our eyes.
Nonverbal communication is significant in human interaction because it is usually responsible for the first impressions. More importantly, those first messages usually influence the perception(感知) of everything else that follows. Even how we select friends and sexual partners is grounded in first impressions with nonverbal communication.
Nonverbal communication is important because it is culture-related. It is based on different beliefs, religions, values and customs in different cultures. When, where, how, and to whom people display his or her specific nonverbal behaviors is greatly affected by culture and context. Culture determines what the appropriate nonverbal behavior is. For example, feelings of friendship exist everywhere but their expression varies. It may be appropriate in some countries for man to embrace each other and for women to hold hands; in other countries these displays of affection may be shocking. Each culture has its own specific interpretation on nonverbal communication. What is acceptable in one culture may be completely unacceptable in another. One culture may determine that snapping fingers to call a waiter is acceptable; another may consider this gesture rude.
61. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Nonverbal communication and first impression
B. Nonverbal communication is culture-related
C. Nonverbal and verbal communication
D. The importance of nonverbal communication
62. We can know a person’s feeling through our eyes because_________.
A. we can see a person’s feeling on his face.
B. a person’s emotions can be reflected through eyes.
C. a person’s feeling can be reflected through his body languages
D. we can see a person’s feeling through his posture
63. Which of the following statements is not True?
A. Meaning can be conveyed both by words and body language.
B. We can use nonverbal communication to learn about a person’s emotional states.
C. We often get the first impression by what a person says.
D. The first impression can affect what we will do in the following.
64. How many reasons are mentioned in the text to show nonverbal communication is important?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D.5
65. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. we can use different ways to express friendship
B. each culture has its own specific interpretation on nonverbal communication
C. snapping fingers to call a waiter is acceptable
D. learning a country’s culture is very important.
第三部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
This week in our Foreign Student Series，we talk about getting an American education online．A student named Hendra has written to us from Indonesia asking about a good online university．Finding the right online program requires research．Talking to advisers and recruiters（招募者）can help．Keep in mind，though，that they might have a financial interest to direct you to certain programs．
The Council on Higher Education Accreditation（CHEA）recognizes a group in Washington，D．C．，to accredit（授权）schools that offer distance learning．One hundred and ten programs in the United States and six other countries are accredited by the Distance Education and Training Council．
We asked the executive director，Michael Lambert，for advice on choosing a distance learning program．He says the first thing is to go on the CHEA Web site to find if a school is accredited．The address is c-h-e-a dot o-r-g．Next，make sure the school offers what you need．Do you need a degree，or will a certificate or license be enough?
Another consideration is cost．Often the published price does not include all the costs --like books．Technology requirements can also add to the costs．Will you need to get new software or a high-speed Internet connection or even a new computer to take the classes you want?
Also，consider the level of interaction that an online program offers．You might never meet the teacher or other students in person．
Finally，and this is our own advice，find out what others say on the Internet for comments or news stories about schools that interest you．Just remember that what people say is not always fair or true．
56．This passage is probably from ________．
A．a magazine B．a newspaper
C．a text book D．a radio program
57．This passage is mainly about ________．
A．how to get an American education online
B．what to learn in an American university
C．the introductions to schools offering distance learning
D．the advantages of online education
58．What else should be taken into consideration about cost besides the published price?
A．The cost for books and technology requirements．
B．The cost for books and a new computer．
C．The cost for new software and a high-speed Internet connection．
D．The cost for technology requirements and even a classroom．
59．How can you find the information about schools accredited to offer distance learning easily?
A．Ask the members of CHEA． B．Go on the website of chea.org．
C．Ask Michael Lambert for help． D．Talk to advisers and recruiters．
60 According to Michael Lambert，________．
A．to get a certificate or a license is much easier than to get a degree
B．it’s not fair for the schools to charge extra money beside the published price
C．the level of interaction that an online program offers is quite considerable
D．people’s comments about schools are always unbelievable
When solving the problem a second time, you’d better be more careful____you made a mistake.
|
A．in case |
B．where |
C．in which |
D．that |
