The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’ money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of
bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
56. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _________.
A. stressing their high quality
B. convincing him of their low price
C. maintaining a balance between quality and price
D. appealing to his buying motives
57. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.
A. thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B. the loaf was cut into regular slices
C. the bread was not genuine bread
D. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
58. The passage tells us that _______.
A. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
B. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need
C. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
D. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
59. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should ________.
A. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
B. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
C. be familiar with various advertising strategies
D. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
60. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. how to make a wise buying decision
B. ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C. the positive and negative aspects of advertising
D. the function of advertisements in promoting sales
Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.
One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to train its obedience. Obedience training doesn’t solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.
Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack（群）by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate（从属的）role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to
pleasantly accept that you are in charge.
Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
51. Behavior problems of dogs are believed to _______.
A. be just part of their nature
B. worsen in modern society
C. occur when they go wild
D. present a threat to the community
52. The primary purpose of obedience training is to _______.
A. teach the dog to perform clever tricks
B. make the dog aware of its owner’s authority
C. provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior
D. enable the dog to regain its normal behavior
53. Effective communication between a dog and its owner is _______.
A. essential to solving the dog’s behavior problems
B. the foundation for dogs to perform tasks
C. a good way to teach the dog new tricks
D. an extreme measure in obedience training
54. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?
A. To avoid being punished.
B. To show their affection for their masters.
C. To win leadership of the dog pack.
D. To show their willingness to obey.
55. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner _______.
A. can give the dog more rewards
B. will enjoy a better family life
C. can give the dog more freedom
D. will have more confidence in himself
Until recently historians assumed that calendars ________ with the advent of agriculture.
|
A．came to existence |
B．came to existing |
|
C．came to exist |
D．were existential |
. ________ when the boulders suddenly disappeared.
|
A．So relieved we felt |
B．How relieved we felt |
|
C．What a relief we were feeling |
D．How we felt relieved |
When he knew the disappointing result of the exam, he seemed quite _______.
|
A．fed up |
B．cast down |
C．in vain |
D．in amazement |
By the year 1889, there were just 541 bison ________ in the whole of North America.
|
A．leaving alive |
B．to leave alive |
|
C．to be left alive |
D．left alive |
