Botany, the study of plants, occupies a special position in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest (含糊的) of insight. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, eyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognized accurately hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer productions the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture; cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the built up knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relationship with plants in the wild would begin fade away.
1. Which of the following statements about early humans is expressed in the passage?
A. They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.
B. They thought there was no need to cultivate crops.
C. They did not enjoy the study of botany.
D. They placed great importance on the ownership of property.
2. What does the comment “This is logical.” In the first paragraph mean?
A. There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor’s knowledge of plants.
B. It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.
C. It is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved very much like people in pre-industrial societies.
D. Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.
3. According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany begun to fade?
A. People no longer value plants as a useful resource.
B. Botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.
C. Research is unable to keep up with the increasing numbers of plants.
D. Direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased.
4. In the second paragraph, what is the author’s purpose in mentioning “ a rose, an apple, or an orchid”?
A. To make the passage more poetic.
B. To give an example of plant that are attractive.
C. To give botanical examples that all readers will recognize.
D. To explain the variety of botanical life.
5. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?
A. The invention of agricultural tools and machinery.
B. The development of a system of names for plants.
C. The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.
D. The changing diets of early humans.
第三部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列三篇短文，从每题所给的四个选现（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
American like to visit the national parks. In 1996, over 250,000,000 people visited areas run by the National Park Service. Experts predict that by 2010, 500,000,000 people per year will visit the parks. As a result, people are trying to think of ways to protect the parks from the crowds.
The crowding of the parks has caused several problems. One is that there is not enough space for all of the people who want to use the parks. To cope with this problem, national parks may require reservations months in advance for some spots. The Park Service may also raise entrance fees at these places.
Another problem caused by increased park use is pollution. Some garbage and waste can be cleaned up, and the cleanup can be paid for by increased entrance fees. To cut down on noise pollution and air pollution, officials may decrease the number of cars allowed in parks. If this happens, people may use buses to travel around the parks. Officials may also limit the use of jet-skis, snowmobiles (摩托雪橇), motorboats, and sightseeing helicopters and planes.
The parks are also threatened by development that is going on around them. For example, around Yellow Stone Park, many motels (汽车旅馆), golf courses, resorts, and other tourist attractions have been built. Some of these developments affect areas that are used by animals. People will have to learn to agree about ways to protect the parks. If they do not, there will soon be no reason to visit these national treasures.
1. By 2010, the number of visitors will rise by ______ per year.
A. 250 million B. 500 million C. 2.5 billion D. 5 billion
2. If you want to visit the national parks, you may have to _____ in the future.
A. pay less than before B. stay there for months
C. book the ticket before months D. fill in a form to apply for the ticket
3. Entrance fees may be increased _______.
A. just for the benefit of the National Park Service
B. either to limit the number of visitors or to pay for the cleaner
C. not only to protect the animals but to reduce the noise pollution
D. merely for the development of the national parks
4. What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean?
A. People are not supposed to visit the national parks for fear that they will harm the animals.
B. Only if more man-made tourist attractions are built will more people visit the parks.
C. It is reasonable to keep the balance between the development of the parks and the reserve.
D. People will not visit the national parks since there are no golf courses and resorts.
5. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. High fees may probably keep some people out of parks.
B. Helicopters and planes will not be used in parks any longer.
C. The bus will become the only toot in parks with the purpose of pollution reduction.
D. The National Park Service welcomes as many visitors as possible.
第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Exercise is good for you, but most people really know very little about __31___ to exercise properly. So when you try, you __32___ run into trouble.
Many people believe that when specific muscles are exercised, the fat in the neighbouring area is “burned up”. Yet the truth is __33___ exercise burns fat from all over the body.
Studies show muscles which are not exercised lose their strength very quickly. To regain it __34___ (need) 48-72 hours and exercise every other day will keep a normal level of physical strength.
To lose weight you should always “work up a good sweat” when __35___ (exercise). Sweating only reduces body temperature to prevent heating. This is nothing __36___ water loss.
Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise. ___37__ helps the circulation of blood throughout the body, and has a direct effect ___38__ your overall feeling of health. Experience says that 20 minutes’ exercise __39___ day is minimum amount. But if your breathing doesn’t return to normal state within minutes __40___ you finish exercising, you’ve done too much.
VIII．写作（满分20分）
【写作内容】请根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文。
1、我们经常在公共场合见到各种不道德的行为，叙述你的一次相关经历。
2、这些不文明的行为会有哪些影响。
3、我们应该怎样改善这种现象。
【写作要求】
词数120左右。开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事；
语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。使用以下要求的句型和结构的至少4种：1）名词性从句、2）定语从句、3）非谓语作状语或定语或主语或宾语、4）1个S+V+O+OC（宾补）的句型、5）并列句。
Immoral Behavior in Public
To witness immoral behavior in public, one need only to visit ________....
VII. 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
The break-up of a relationship can mean sleepless nights, problems concentrating, loss of appetite, even depression. Every person reacts 99 the crisis differently. “One can’t expect to function normally in the first period of
100 separation,” says German psychotherapist Doris Wolf, author of a book on how to deal with a break-up. “Even if you are someone 101 has kept your feelings under control you can experience emotions as never before,” says Wolf, 102 (point) out that men and women 103 (general) react differently. Men tend to suppress（忍住；控制） 104 pain by working, or with a new relationship, or alcohol. Women, on the other hand, sometimes suffer from depression, fear of the future, or guilty feelings. In contrast to men, women, 105 , often have a good friend who 106 (listen), give comfort or advice. That, says Wolf, is important, because anger, 107 (sad) and frustration need to be expressed. One will feel much 108 (relieve) after doing so.
VI．单句填空（共10个空格；每空格1分，满分10分）
阅读下面句子，按照句子结构的语法性和意义连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
91. I suggested the thief ________ (refer) to be put into prison.
92. You can’t imagine what great difficulty they have ________ (solve) the problem
________ (discuss) now.
93. You should understand the traffic rules by now. You’ve had them ________ (explain) to you often enough.
94. When first ________ (introduce) in the market, these products enjoyed great success.
95. We cannot be sure ________ our dreams will come true, but we can at least be hopeful ________ our efforts to improve the world will be successful.
96. To my delight, she will give ________ needs help a hand.
97. That was a time ________ there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
98. What is known to all is that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works very hard in his eighties.
