B
Honesty may well be the policy, but it often deserts us when no one is watching, psychologists report today. Experiments with an honesty box to collect payments for hot drinks show that people are better at paying up when under the gaze(注视) of a pair of eyes. The surprise was that the eyes were not real, but photographed.
Researchers at Newcastle University set up the experiment in secret. They attached a poster to a cupboard of mugs above an-honesty box alongside a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk. Over 10 weeks, they alternated each week between images of eyes and pictures of flowers.
Dr. Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study, said that even though the eyes were not real they still seemed to make people behave more honestly. They effect may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed as early humans formed social groups that increased their chances of survival. Individuals had to co-operate for the good of the group, rather than act selfishly.
"If nobody is watching us it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we think we're being watched we should behave better, so people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us, "Dr. Bateson said.
"We thought we'd get a slight effect with eyes, but it was quite striking how much difference they made. Even at a subconscious(潜意识的) level, it seems people respond to eyes, and that might be because eyes send a strong biological signal we have evolved(进化) to respond to."
The finding, which researchers believe sheds light on our evolutionary past, could be turned to practical use. The psychologists say images of eyes could promote ticket sales on public transport and improve monitor systems to prevent antisocial behavior.
45. This passage is mainly about _______________.
A. the policy of honesty B. an honesty box to collect money
C. evolution on honesty D. an experiment on honesty
46. The reason for doing the experiment secretly is that the researchers _____________.
A. wanted to get a comparatively more exact result
B. had known they wanted to do something illegally
C. meant to get the co-operation of their colleagues
D. intended to sell the hot drinks at a higher price
47. People behave honestly under watchful gaze of eyes because _____________.
A. they want to leave a good impression B. they fear to be laughed at by others
C. they've got the nature through evolution D. they take the photo for a real pair of eyes
48. Images of a pair of eyes can be applied to all except _____.
A. tickets sales on public transport B. cold drink sales in public places
C. places with “No spitting!” signs D. Christmas decorations in one’s home
第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Friendship has great power, and it can inspire the people in trouble as well as in easy circumstances.
Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've 21 just about everything with since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I 22 to a new town several years ago, we've both always looked forward to 23 times a year when we can see each other.
Over the weekend, we 24 hours and hours, staying up late 25 the night, talking about the people she was hanging around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he 26 with drugs and was into other self-destructive[自毁] 27 . I was blown away! She told me how she had been 28 to her parents about where she was going and even sneaking out to see this guy because they didn't want her around him. No matter 29 hard I tried to tell her that she deserved better, she didn't believe me. Her self-respect seemed to have disappeared.
I tried to convince her that she was ruining her future and heading for big 30 . I felt like I was getting 31 . I just couldn't believe that she really thought it was acceptable to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.
By the time she left, I was really worried about her and 32 by the experience. It had been so 33 , I had come close to telling her several times during the weekend that maybe we had just grown too far apart to continue our friendship - but I didn't. I put the 34 of friendship to the 35 test. We'd been friends for far too long. I had to hope that she 36 me enough to know that I was trying to save her from hurting herself. I wanted to believe that our friendship could conquer anything.
A few days 37 , she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our 38 , and then she told me that she had 39 with her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the 40 rewarding moments in my life. Never had I been so proud of a friend.
21. A. divided B. shared C. experienced D. enjoyed
22. A. got B. traveled C. moved D. arrived
23. A. the few B. the little C. few D. little
24. A. took B. spared C. offered D. spent
25. A. into B. in C. for D. at
26. A. supplied B. experimented C. tried D. provided
27. A. action B. movements C. behavior D. activities
28. A. explaining B. speaking C. calling D. lying
29. A. what B. why C. how D. however
30. A. trouble B. worry C. difficulty D. task
31. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere
32. A. burned down B. turned down C. turned out D. worn out
33. A. discouraging B. encouraging C. exciting D. inspiring
34. A. strength B. force C. power D. energy
35. A. last B. final C. late D. recent
36. A. treated B. regarded C. honored D. valued
37. A. later B. after C. ago D. before
38. A. information B. dialogue C. conversation D. communication
39. A. broken out B. broken up C. broken away D. broken off
40. A. luckily B. correctly C. naturally D. truly
Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, ______?
|
A．will we |
B．has it |
C．won’t we |
D．hasn’t it |
One of the most important problems we will have to solve is ____of students’ learning method.
|
A．that |
B．this |
C．what |
D．Which |
The house is nice, but ______ too small for a family of five.
|
A．rarely |
B．fairly |
C．rather |
D．Pretty |
______ from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.
|
A．Judging |
B．Judged |
C．To judge |
D．Judge |
