Societies all over the world name places in similar ways. Quite often there is no official naming ceremony but places tend to be called names as points of reference by people. Then an organized body steps in and gives the place a name. Frequently it happens that a place has two names: One is named by the people and the other by the government. As in many areas, old habits died hard, and the place continues to be called by its unofficial name long after the meaning is lost.
Many roads and places in Singapore are named in order that the pioneers will be remembered by future generations. Thus we have names such as Stamford Road and Raffles Place. This is in keeping with traditions in many countries —in both the West and the East.
Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after. The mystery is clearer when we see some of the roads named in former British bases. If you step into Selector Airbase you will see Piccadilly Circus —obviously named by some homesick Royal Air Force personnel.
Some places were named after the activities that used to go on at those places. Bras Basah Road is an interesting example, “Base Basah” means “wet rice” in Malay（马来语）. Now why would anyone want to name a road “Wet Rice Road”? The reason is simple. During the pioneering days, wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.
A few roads in Singapore are named by their shapes. There is “Circular Road” for one. Other roads may have part of their names to describe their shapes, like “Paya Lebar Crescent”. This road is called a crescent（月牙） because it begins on the main road, makes a crescent and comes back to join the main road again.
1.What does the underlined phrase “die hard” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
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A．Change suddenly. |
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B．Change significantly. |
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C．Disappear mysteriously. |
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D．Disappear very slowly. |
2.Which of the following places is named after a person?
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A．Raffles Place. |
B．Selector Airbase. |
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C．Piccadilly Circus. |
D．Paya Lebar Crescent. |
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
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A．Some place names in Singapore are the same as in Britain. |
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B．Some places in Singapore are named for military purposes. |
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C．The way Singaporeans name their places is unique. |
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D．Young Singaporeans have forgotten the pioneers. |
For almost two months Dominic York, a 23-year-old hairdresser, wandered about hospitals all night, wearing a white coat and pretending he was a doctor. Yesterday he proudly claimed in court that despite his complete lack of medical experience or qualifications, he had saved several people’s lives. He had even been allowed to assist a surgeon during an emergency operation on a patient who was about to die on something she had swallowed.
“I watched one of those TV dramas about a hospital and suddenly I felt like playing one of the roles myself. So I put on a white jacket and a stethoscope(听诊器)and walked around one of the biggest hospital in London. At first I just watched. Once you learn how doctors talk to patients, nurses and others doctors, it’s easy to take people in,” he said.
One of the patients he treated was Laura Kennan. She had been knocked down by a car and fainted. When she came to in hospital, York was standing over her.
“He looked very professional. He told me his name was Doctor Simon. Then he gave me some sort of injection,” she said. And then he suddenly cleared off when a nurse asked who he was. She didn’t think there was anything wrong. “I would never have realized he was a fake if a policewoman hadn’t showed me his photograph a week later. When the policewoman told me who he really was, I could hardly believe my ears.”
Judge Raymond Adams told York that he was “ shocked and horrified” that he got away with his deceiving for so long. And they sentenced him to eighteen months in a special prison for criminal with mental disorders.
“I can only hope that this will not lead to further problems. After all, you will have considerable opportunity to study the behaviour of the psychiatrists(精神科医生)who will look after you while you are there. If you try to persuade people that you yourself are a psychiatrist after you are set free, I shall make sure that you are given a much longer sentence.” Judge Adams warned York.
1.York was proud of the fact that ___________.
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A．a surgeon let him watch an operation. |
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B．he could perform some duties of a doctor |
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C．he had cheated doctors for so long |
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D．people thought he could become a real doctor |
2.York learned how to behave like a doctor by __________.
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A．watching other doctors work |
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B．talking to doctors and nurses |
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C．getting some training and experience |
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D．observing doctors while he was a patient |
3.Why was Laura Kennan in hospital?
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A．She had swallowed something and almost died. |
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B．She had to have and emergency operation. |
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C．She had been injured in a road accident. |
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D．She had lost consciousness while driving. |
4.The judge’s remark implied that York would be more severely punished if he _________.
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A．pretended to be a psychiatrist |
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B．tried to get away from prison |
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C．was proud of what he had done |
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D．studied the behaviour of the psychiatrist |
A young student was one day taking a walk with a professor, who was commonly 21 the students’ friend. As they went 22 , they saw lying in the path a pair of old 23 , which they supposed to belong to a poor man who was employed in a 24 close by. The student turned to the professor, saying, “Let’s play the man a 25 : We will hide his shoes, and 26 ourselves behind those bushes, and wait to see his 27 when he cannot find them.”
“My young friend,” answered the professor, “we should never 28 ourselves at the 29 of the poor. But you are 30 , and may give yourself a much greater 31 by means of the poor man. Put a coin into each shoe, and then we will hide ourselves and 32 how the discovery affects him.” The student did so, and they both placed themselves behind the bushes. The poor man soon finished his work, and came 33 the field to the path 34 he had left his coat and shoes. While 35 his coat he slipped his foot into one of his shoes; but feeling 36 , he stopped down to feel 37 it was, and found the coin. Astonishment and wonder were seen upon his face. He now put the money into his pocket, but his 38 was doubled on finding the other coin. He fell upon his knees, looked up to heaven and uttered aloud a fervent（热烈的）thanksgiving, in which he 39 his wife, sick and helpless, and his children without bread. The student stood there deeply 40 , and his eyes filled with tears.
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—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
—Thanks, you __________it. I could manage it myself.
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A．needn’t do |
B．needn’t have done |
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C．mustn’t do |
D．shouldn’t have done |
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him___________ .
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A．not to |
B．not to do |
C．not do it |
D．do not to |
There is nothing wrong with using a credit card for purchases. It’s more _______ than carrying loads of cash.
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A．convenient |
B．valuable |
C．sensitive |
D．innocent |
