Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
1.An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______
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A．to reduce their mental stress |
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B．to increase their sense of success |
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C．to make sports less competitive |
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D．to make sports more challenging |
2.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that ____ .
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A．it can help them learn more about society |
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B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves |
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C．it can provide them with valuable experiences |
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D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves |
3.Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ______ .
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A．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development |
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B．without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence |
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C．in order to make them remember life's lessons |
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D．so as to put more pressure on them |
4.According to the passage parents and coaches should _____________ .
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A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports |
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B．help children to win every game |
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C．train children to cope with stress |
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D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports |
5.The author's purpose in writing the passage is ____________ .
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A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout |
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B．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism |
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C．to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children |
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D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement |
Driving to a friend’s house on a recent evening, I was attracted by the sight of the full moon rising just above my friend’s rooftop. I stopped to watch it for a few moments, thinking about what a pity it is that most city people --- myself included --- usually miss sights like this because we spend most of our lives indoors.
My friend had also seen it. He grew up living in a forest in Europe, and the moon meant a lot to him then. It had touched much of his life.
I know the feeling. Last December I took my seven-year-old daughter to the mountainous jungle of northern India with some friends. We stayed in a forest rest house with no electricity or running hot water. Our group had campfires outside every night, and indoors when it was too cold outside. The moon grew to its fullest during our trip. Between me and the high mountains lay three or four valleys. Not a light shone in them and not a sound could be heard. It was one of the quietest places I have ever known, a bottomless well of silence. And above me was the full moon, which struck me deeply.
Today our lives are filled with glass, metal, plastic and fiber-glass. We have television, cell phones, pagers, electricity, heaters and ovens and air-conditioners, cars, computers.
Struggling through traffic that evening at the end of a tiring day, most of it spent indoors, I thought, “Before long, I would like to live in a small cottage. There I will grow vegetables and read books and walk in the mountains. And perhaps write, but not in anger. I may become an old man there, and wear the bottoms of my trousers rolled and measure out my life in coffee spoons. But I will be able to walk outside on a cold silent night and touched the moon.”
1.The best title for the passage would be _________.
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A．Touched by the Moon |
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B．The Pleasures of Modern Life |
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C．A Bottomless well of Silence |
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D．Break away from Modern life |
2.The writer felt sorry for himself because __________.
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A．there was too much pollution. |
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B．he failed to see the fullest moon. |
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C．he didn’t adapt to modern inventions |
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D．there were too many accidents on the road. |
3.What impressed the writer most in the mountainous jungle of northern India?
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A．No modern equipment. |
B．Complete silence. |
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C．The nice moon. |
D．The high mountain. |
4.Modern things are mentioned mainly to ___________.
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A．show that the writer likes city life very much. |
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B．tell us that people greatly benefit from modern life. |
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C．explain that people have less chances to enjoy nature. |
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D．show that we can also enjoy nature at home through them. |
5.The author wrote the passage to __________.
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A．express the feeling of returning to nature. |
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B．show the love for the moonlight. |
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C．advise modern people to learn to live. |
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D．want to communicate longing for modern life. |
As computers become all the more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more.
Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school. And computer dependence is more widespread among university students. Almost all their assignments and essays are typed on a computer.
All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer.
It’s faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that’s why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education. But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear.
“When I’m writing with a pen, I find I often can’t remember how to write a character, though I feel I’m familiar with it.”
“I’m not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper.”
Many students don’t feel this is something to worry about. Now that it’s more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite?
Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said, “Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic (审美的) value. But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And handwriting contains the writer’s emotion. Through one’s handwriting, people can get to know one’s thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.”
To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory(必修的) and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.
1.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
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A．The Importance of Handwriting and Typing. |
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B．To type or to Handwrite. |
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C．Writing by Computer will Replace Writing by Hand. |
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D．Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters. |
2.The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because __________.
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A．they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays. |
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B．they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently. |
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C．they found it not easy to remember how to write a character. |
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D．computers have become a trend and fashion in China. |
3.Which of the following statements in NOT the advantage of handwriting?
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A．Handwriting contains the writer’s emotion. |
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B．The writer’s thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting. |
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C．Handwriting can impress people well and build one’s self-confidence. |
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D．Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value. |
4.The underlined expression “taking stock in” probably means ___________.
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A．getting bored with |
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B．getting dependent on |
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C．becoming curious about |
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D．getting curious about |
5.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that ___________.
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A．more and more students will give up writing on a computer. |
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B．writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day. |
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C．more and more students will pay attention to handwriting. |
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D．the typing article better expresses one’s emotion and quality. |
He almost didn’t see the old lady, stranded on the side of the road, but even in the dim light of day, he could see she needed help. So he pulled up in front her Mercedes and got out.
Even with the smile on his face, she was worried. No one had stopped to help for the last hour or so. Was he going to hurt her? He didn’t look safe; he looked poor and hungry. He could see that she was frightened, standing out there in the cold. He knew how she felt.
He said, “I am here to help you, ma’am. Why don’t you wait in the car where it’s warm? By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson.”
Well, all she had was a flat tire, but for an old lady, that was bad enough. Bryan crawled under the car looking for a place to put the jack, skinning his knuckles a time or two. Soon he was able to change the tire. But he had to get dirty and his hands hurt.
As he was tightening up the lug nuts, she rolled down the window and began to talk to him. She told him that she was from St. Louis and was just passing through. She couldn’t thank him enough for coming to her aid.
Bryan just smiled as he closed her trunk. The lady asked how much she owed him. Any amount would have been all right with her. She already imagined all the awful things that could have happened, had he not stopped. Bryan never thought twice about being paid. This was not a job to him. This was helping someone in need, and God knows there were many people who had given him a hand in the past. He had lived his whole life that way, and it never occurred to him to act any other way.
He told her that if she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the assistance they needed, and Bryan added, “And think of me.”
He waited until she started her car and drove off. It had been a cold and depressing day, but he felt good as he headed for home, disappearing into the twilight.
1.This story most probably took place_______.
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A．in a garage |
B．on a highway |
C．in a busy street |
D．near a gas station |
2.When the man approached the old lady, the first thing he did was to______.
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A．ask what was wrong with her car |
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B．get the old lady out of her car |
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C．change her tire as soon as possible |
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D．make her know he wanted to help her |
3.The underlined part in Paragraph 6 suggests that________.
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A．the old lady had got ready to pay the man |
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B．the old lady was grateful to the man |
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C．the man had a lot of difficulty changing the tire |
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D．the man didn’t stop changing the tire |
4.Which of the following words can best describe the man?
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A．Warm-hearted and sensitive. |
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B．Careful and serious. |
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C．Thoughtful and helpful. |
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D．Generous and open-minded. |
5.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______________.
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A．the man was happy after helping the old lady |
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B．the man received a lot of money from the old lady |
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C．the man made the old lady feel cold and depressed |
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D．the man felt extremely frustrated all the way home |
About ten years ago, I was on a plane going west, and a young woman boarded and sat across the aisle (过道) from me. I ___41____ her for two reasons. She was very attractive, and she was holding a teddy bear about half her ____42____. I teased her by asking if she had a ___43___ for the bear. She laughed and said no.
About halfway through the flight she ___44____ over and told me she was going to Tucson to enter rehab (进行康复治疗). She ___45___ to share her life story with me. She had been working as a dancer in a nightclub. That ___46____ had led her down a dark ____47____ to drugs and alcohol. As I listened to her story. I was ____48____ at all she had gone through. I listened to all she shared and told her I was sure she was going to ____49___ it. At the end of the flight, she ___50____ me for listening to her.
A few years later, I got a ___51____ in the mail saying, “Wow, it’s been years since we met on that plane. It is ___52____ how you touched my life.” She went on to tell me that she had ____53____ to stay away from drugs, and had been working for a radio station. She felt she had achieved things she could not have ____54___ that day on the plane. We agreed to set up a time to get ___55___.
When I saw her, she was ____56____ the attractive young woman I remembered. She told me that that little ___57___ we had had turned her life around. She had boarded the plane ___58___ anything would work in her life, and my affirmation (肯定) of her as a person and of her ___59___ had given her the last bit of ___60___ she needed to work through her problems.
The young woman taught me it’s never too late to make a new start in life.
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— I need to advertise for a second-hand mountain bike.
— _______？David just plans to sell his present one.
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A．Why bother |
B．Why not |
C．So what |
D．What for |
