Since ancient times, people have known about its ability to reduce pain and high body temperature. More than 2000 years ago, the Greek doctor Hippocrates advised his patients to chew on the bark and leaves of the willow.
The tree contains a chemical called salicin（柳醇）. From salicin, researchers in the 1800s discovered how to make salicylic acid（酸）. And in 1897, a chemist named Felix Hoffmann at Friedrich Bayer and Company in Germany created acetyl salicylic acid. Later it became the active substance in a new medicine that Bayer called aspirin. The "a" came from acetyl. The "spir" came from the spirea plant, which also produces salicin. And the "in" Well, that is a common way to end medicine names.
In 1982, a British scientist shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in part for discovering how aspirin works. Sir John Vane found that aspirin blocks the body from making natural substances called prostaglandins（前列腺素）.Prostaglandins have several effects on the body. Some cause pain and the expansion, or swelling（ 肿瘤; 膨胀）, of damaged tissue. Others protect the lining of the stomach and small intestine. Prostaglandins also make the heart, kidneys and blood vessels （血管）work well. But there is a problem. Aspirin works against all prostaglandins, good and bad. Scientists learned how aspirin interferes with an enzyme（酶）. One form of this enzyme makes the prostaglandin that causes pain and swelling. Another form of the enzyme creates a protective effect. So aspirin can reduce pain and swelling in damaged tissues. But it can also harm the inside of the stomach and small intestine（肠）.
1.What sickness can the medicine from the willow deal with according to the passage?
A. Cold B. Toothache C. Cancer D. Skin disease
2.What can we know about Prostaglandin according to the passage?
A. It results from pain.
B. It prevents the lining of the stomach and small intestine.
C. It causes blood vessels to work wrongly.
D. It is sometimes good but sometimes bad.
3.What can we know about aspirin according to the passage?
A. Aspirin can treat almost diseases.
B. Aspirin can create the protective enzyme.
C. Aspirin can harm the inside of the stomach and small intestine.
D. Aspirin can protect the inside of the stomach and small intestine.
It’s not easy growing up. Growing up can be a real “pain” for some of us. Sometimes we feel trapped, sometimes we feel sad, sometimes we are fearful, and sometimes we just don’t understand why we can’t stay young forever. But we should take a look back on all the hardships in life with a positive attitude and learn from them. We must overcome every obstacle one small step at a time. We should realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains!
Throughout our lives we are going to face many challenges and pains, but we should never let these obstacles keep us from following our dreams. We must overcome every obstacle one small step at a time.
As a young girl, my parents forced me to do so many things that I didn’t like. They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano. At that time I hated music and I also hated them. But looking back now, I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons. Music has enriched(丰富) my life in so many ways. I now realize that my parents and teachers wanted me to have a better life than they did themselves.
We are all going to experience growing pains, but they are just part of our life. They might seem so huge at the time, but we must be strong. Think about how we would feel if we had no challenges and lived a life like that. Life would be really boring and meaningless. The future is ours! A little hard work and sweat never hurt anyone! If we realize that these pains are just small bumps(碰撞) on our road to success, we will realize that our growing pains are actually growing gains!
1.The underlined word “obstacles” (in Paragraph 2) roughly means things that ______.
A. are related to your studies
B. you easily achieve
C. make you happy
D. make it difficult for you to do something
2.How does the author now feel when remembering what her parents did for her in the past?
A. She is fearful B. She is grateful
C. She feels trapped D. She feels hateful
3.We can know from the last paragraph that _____________.
A. life without challenges is dull
B. life needs no pains but sunshine and happiness
C. we should give up faced with challenges as the future is ours
D. we shouldn’t easily pay a little hard work in growing up
4.The purpose of the passage is to tell readers____________.
A. life is full of hardships
B. growing pains can turn into growing gains in a positive way
C. everyone is painful in growing up
D. everyone should do what they don’t like when young
People have been burying the dead at Salem’s Hope Cemetery since 1833. The place is filled with old gravestones and gothic mausoleums(哥特式陵墓), the spirits of the dead hanging over the land like an early morning fog.
Keeping watch, a few steps from the road with her skirt over the pedestal (基座), is Goldie Belle Taylor, her face weathered but otherwise in good condition. On this day, she is holding a bunch of pink rises because Goldie Belle always holds flowers. Someone makes sure of that.
“And she has had fresh flowers in her hands for the last 150 years.” Karen Biery lives in Damascus, about five miles west of Hope Cemetery. She’s written a book based on the legend of Goldie Belle Taylor titled Believe. In 1886, at the age of two, young Goldie Belle used her hands to sop up (抹去) the left over elderberry juice from her father’s iron kettle. She died not long after from poisoning. She was the love of her dad’s life, and he was so upset that he sold the family farm to buy the Italian made statue, which today marks her grave.
At first, it was her father who brought the flowers and laid them in her hands. When he died in 1896, the flowers kept coming. Her flowers are different per season. Why do the flowers keep miraculously appearing? People have tried to find out by having camped by the statue, but not even the groundskeepers have been able to catch the criminal.
It’s said that a fairy arrives at Hope Cemetery looking for the grave of her birth mother. She comes across Goldie Belle’s statue.
1.The underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 probably refers to________.
A. her face in good condition
B. her bunch of pink roses
C. Goldie Belle Taylor is holding pink roses
D. Goldie Belle Taylor always holds flowers
2.It can be inferred from the third paragraph __________.
A. her father was poisonous
B. the iron kettle was poisonous
C. elderberry juice was poisonous
D. it was her father that hated her
3.After her father died, the flowers in the hands of Goldie Belle Taylor_______.
A. usually change
B. were stolen
C. are no longer fresh
D. come from a criminal
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A fairy brings the flowers.
B. The mystery of Goldie’s flowers.
C. What happens to the girl?
D. How do the flowers get there?
One of my fondest memories as a child is going by the river and sitting idly on the bank. There I would 16 the peace and quiet, watch the water rush 17 and listen to the singing of birds and the rustling of 18 in the trees. I would also watch the bamboo trees 19 under pressure from the wind and watch them 20 gracefully to their original position after the wind had 21 .
When I think about the bamboo tree's ability to bounce back to its original position, the word "resilience" comes to mind. When used in 22 to a person this word means the ability to readily 23 from shock, depression or any other situation that stretches the limits of a person's 24 .
Have you ever felt like you are at your 25 point? Thankfully, you have survived the experience to live to talk about it.
During the 26 you probably felt a mix of emotions that threatened your health. You felt emotionally drained, 27 exhausted and you most likely stood 28 physical symptoms.
Life is a 29 of good times and bad times, happy moments and unhappy moments. The next time you are experiencing one of those bad times or unhappy 30 that take you close to your breaking point, bend, 31 don't break. Try your best not to let the situation get the best of you.
A 32 of hope will take you through the unpleasant ordeal (考验). With 33 for a better tomorrow or a better situation, things may not be as bad as they seem to be. The unpleasant ordeal may be easier to 34 if the final result is worth having.
If life gets 35 and you are at your breaking point, show resilience. Like the bamboo tree, bend, but don't break!
1.A. see B. hear C. enjoy D. touch
2.A. downstream B. smoothly C. uphill D. peacefully
3.. A. fruits B. branches C. roots D. leaves
4.A. move B. bend C. fall D. decline
5.A. go B. turn C. return D. suffer
6.A. died down B. died off C. died away D. died out
7.A. honor of B. reward to C. reference to D. favor of
8.A. recover B. suffer C. come D. escape
9.A. thoughts B. mind C. body D. emotions
10.A. starting B. breaking C. standing D. tiring
11.A. practice B. experiment C. victory D. experience
12.A. possibly B. terribly C. mentally D. probably
13.A. unpleasant B. unreasonable C. exciting D. good
14.A. result B. change C. wonder D. mixture
15.A. events B. moments C. adventures D. changes
16.A. but B. however C. though D. and
17.A. little B. number C. measure D. little
18.A. idea B. hope C. imagination D. search
19.A. deal with B. look into C. depend on D. get stuck
20.A. acceptable B. wrong C. tough D. cozy
----Mary Beth, here you are! _________!
----Thank you for meeting me here, Betty.
A. You are welcome to my hometown
B. Welcome to my hometown
C. Welcomed to my hometown
D. You are welcome
______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.
A. Would you be B. Should you be
C. Could you be D. Might you be
