下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在下面加上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The burden of students have been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received few attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touched moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from his shoulder.
All this reminds me of my mother whom has been doing whatever she can to let me to have the best. But totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to that my mother needs and always think studying well is only thing I can do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help my mother with everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least preparing breakfast myself, so as to share her daily burden. The picture has convinced me that it is even much important to be a good daughter than a "good" student.
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) are more important than any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia in the middle of her career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions.
The effect of a salary cut is probably less serious for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral(博士后的) researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to their teaching that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1.By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ______.
|
A．university researchers know little about the commercial world |
|
B．there is little exchange between industry and academia |
|
C．few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university |
|
D．few university professors are willing to do industrial research |
2.The underlined word “deterrent” (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ______.
|
A．keeps someone from taking action |
|
B．encourages someone to succeed |
|
C．attracts people’s attention |
|
D．brings someone a financial burden |
3.What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
|
A．Flexible working hours. |
B．Her research interests. |
|
C．Peaceful life on campus. |
D．Her fame in academia. |
4.What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
|
A．Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market. |
|
B．Develop its students’ potential in research. |
|
C．Help to get financial support from industry. |
|
D．Get more students interested in the field of industry. |
Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America. Rightly so. But selfishly, I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world’s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African woman they so rarely see.
Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The widespread theory seems to be that we’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can’t escape the stereotype (模式化的形象) of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic mothers.
These images have helped define the way all black women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simply to be herself.
It won’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications (出版物) have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.
Just as she will have her critics, she will have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what they’d like to see Michelle bring to the White House — mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone — an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that’s been around far too long.
1.Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?
|
A．She serves as a role model for African-American women. |
|
B．She possesses many admirable qualities becoming a First Lady. |
|
C．She will present to the world a new image of African-American women. |
|
D．She will pay close attention to the interests of African-American women. |
2.What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?
|
A．They are victims of family violence. |
|
B．They are of an inferior social group. |
|
C．They use quite a lot of body language. |
|
D．They live on charity and social welfare. |
3.What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?
|
A．Whether Michelle can live up to the high expectations of her fans. |
|
B．How Michelle should behave as public figure. |
|
C．How proud they are to have a black woman in the White House. |
|
D．What Michelle should do as wife and mother in the White House. |
4.What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?
|
A．However many fans she has, she should remain modest. |
|
B．She shouldn’t disappoint the African-American community. |
|
C．However hard she tries, she can’t expect to please everybody. |
|
D．She will concern herself with African-American women’s welfare |
Dogs may not know exactly what you are doing especially when you’re trying to figure out a square root or diagram a sentence. But according to a new study, dogs can understand what we’re thinking and feeling by reading our facial expressions and body language and following our eyes.
Researchers studied 29 dogs. The dogs were shown a movie where a woman looked directly at them and said “Hi dog!” Then, the woman looked at a flowerpot sitting next to her. The researchers found that when the woman looked at and spoke directly to a dog, the dog usually followed her eyes to the flowerpot. It proved that the dogs knew that the woman was thinking about the flowerpot.
“By following the eye movements of dogs, we were able to get a first-hand look at how their minds are actually working,” said Jozsef, the senior researcher.
Later in the movie, the woman said “Hi dogs” in a low voice and didn’t look at the dog before looking at the flowerpot. In that situation, the dogs didn’t seem to understand what the woman was thinking. There was no eye contact, and the woman didn’t appear to speak to the dogs directly.
That comes as no surprise to dog trainer Jones. “Dogs normally speak through nonverbal signals. It’s more natural to them,” she said. “If you’ve ever watched dogs at a dog park, you’ve seen it. Within 30 seconds they enter the park, much information has passed between the new dog and the ones already in the park. They’re exchanging looks, observing eyes and body posture. On the other hand, when you speak to a dog, they are learning a foreign language.”
Picking up your nonverbal signals seems more natural. So, if you were hoping that all this means your dog could help you solve your math problems, you’re probably out of luck. But he or she might be a lot more in tune with what you’re thinking than you previously thought.
1.How could the researchers find that the dogs understood the woman’s intention?
|
A．By speaking to them directly. |
|
B．By reading their eye movements. |
|
C．By following their facial expressions. |
|
D．By asking the dog trainer questions. |
2.According to the text, Jones finds that ______.
|
A．dogs usually speak through verbal signals |
|
B．dogs learn a great deal more at a dog park |
|
C．dogs can understand humans’ words easily |
|
D．dogs speak through eyes and body language |
3.It is implied in the text that dogs can read your emotions only if ______.
|
A．you manage to get their attention |
|
B．you like making friends with them |
|
C．you are familiar with their behavior |
|
D．you can pick up their verbal signals |
4.What does the underlined phrase “be in tune with” in the last paragraph mean?
|
A．refuse |
B．approve |
C．understand |
D．love |
Poet Dean Young has dealt with impermanence（ 无常）a lot in his career, but it's a particularly strong theme in Young's latest collection, Fall Higher．The new collection was published in April, just days after the poet received a life-saving heart transplant （移植） after about a decade of living with a weakening heart condition．
Young, whose work is often frank and rich with twisted humor, tells NPR's Renee Montaigne that as he recovers from operation, he's also slowly returning to his everyday writing habits．
"I'm getting back to it," Young says．"Not with the sort of concentration and sort of flame that I look forward to in the future, but I am blackening some pages．"
And on those blackened pages you'll find poems like " How Grasp Green," which carries themes of springtime and rebirth．It's one of the first poems Young has written since his transplant．
It's easy to spot clues （线索） to Young's awful health situation in the lines of his poetry. Fall Higher's "Vintage" opens with, "Because I will die soon, I fall asleep, during the lecture on the ongoing emergency．" And the poem "-The Rhythms Pronounce Themselves Then Vanish—published in The /Vew Barker in February —opens with the CT scan that revealed Young's heart condition．
Young says "Rhythms" was written about the beginning of his illness．
"I had been having a lot of physical pain so that I could hardly walk a block．I got sent to a gastroenterologist and he did a series of tests, and then the tests came back to me and it was all heart related," he says．" And the outlook wasn't good．
Hearts tend to come up a lot in poetry, and that's especially true of Young's work, which has clearly been influenced by the troubles of his own heart,
"A lot of times, it's not just a metaphor （比喻） ," Young says．"For me, it's an actual concern because I've been living with this disease for over 10 years．My father died of heart problems when he was 49, so it's been a sort of shadowy concern for me my whole life．
But Young's poems also deal with more abstract matters of the heart．He wrote Fall Higher's, "Late Valentine" for his wife．"We've been married since late November and most of it has been spent in the hospital," Young says of his marriage to poet Laurie Saurborn Young, who says " 'Late Valentine' is very sweet．
Today, Young says, his friends can't help but comment on how pink his cheeks have become—the result of a new heart and better circulation （循环）．But Young wrote the poems of Fall Higher before the transplant, at a time when, at its weakest point, his old heart was pumping at 8 percent of what it should have been．
He was staring death in the face—but he was still able to look at his life and see art
in it.
Young's work also touches on themes of randomness and fate —two factors that contributed to him getting a second chance in the form of a new heart from a 22-year-old student．
"Everything in life is molecules （分子） bouncing against molecules," Young says, and having a successful transplant is no different．" Somebody had to die; it had to be a fit; my blood and his blood had to not have an argument; the heart had to be transported; I had to get it．"
There were, in short, an amazing number of variables （变量） that led to Young
being here today.
"I just feel enormous gratitude," he says of his donor （捐献者）．"He gave me a heart so I'm still alive-"I'm sure I'm going to think about this person for the rest of my life．"
1.The poetry collection Fall Higher _______．
|
A．was published in February |
|
B．refers darkness as its main theme |
|
C．is Young's latest collection of poetry |
|
D．was written after Young's heart transplant |
2.We can learn from the text that Young _______．
|
A．was born with heart disease |
|
B．received a heart transplant in February |
|
C．married a female poet after he wrote "Late Valentine" |
|
D．wrote a poem for his wife in his collection |
3.What does the writer try to say in Paragraph 3?
|
A．The writer expected some bright future, but he was disappointed． |
|
B．The writer had less enthusiasm than before, but he still kept on writing． |
|
C．The writer devoted more time to poems, so he grasped a good chance． |
|
D．The writer wrote poems with less enthusiasm, so he quitted for a while． |
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
|
A．"How Grasp Green" is the first poem in Fall Higher． |
|
B．Young began all his poems with his illness． |
|
C．Young's father died when Young was 49 years old． |
|
D．Young's health situation is mentioned in his poetry． |
5.What is the text mainly about?
|
A．Dean Young and his latest collection． |
|
B．Dean Young and his heart problems． |
|
C．The meaning of Fall Higher． |
|
D．An analysis of Dean Young's poems． |
The ability to memorize things seems to be a vanishing （消失的） technique．So what can we do to bring out brain cells back into action? A newly published book on memory, Moomvalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything, by American journalist Joshua Foer, makes a telling point, one that is an analysis of the importance of memorising events and stories in human history; the decline of its role in modem life; and the techniques that we need to adopt to restore the art of remembering．
As For points out, we no longer need to remember telephone numbers．Our mobile phones do that for us．We don't recall addresses either．We send emails from computers that store electronic addresses．Nor do we bother to remember multiplication tables （乘法表） ．Pocket calculators do the job of multiplying quite nicely．Museums, photographs, the digital media and books also act as storehouses for memories that once we had to keep in mind．
As a result, we no longer remember long poems or folk stories by heart, feats （技艺） of memory that were once the cornerstones of most people's lives．Indeed, society has changed so much that we no longer know what techniques we should employ to remember such lengthy works．We are, quite simply, forgetting how to remember．
And let's face it, there is nothing sadder than someone who has lost their mobile phone and who finds they cannot even phone home or call their parents or partners because they cannot remember a single telephone number．That is a sad example of loss of personal independence．So, yes, there is a need for us to he able to remember certain things in life．
Therefore, Foer's book outlines the methods that need to be mastered in order to promote our memories and regain the ability to recall long strings of names, numbers or faces．In the process, he adds, we will become more aware of the world about us．
The trick, Foer says, is to adopt a process known as " elaborative encoding", which involves transforming information, such as a shopping list, into a series of "absorbing visual images"．If you want to remember a list of household objects—potatoes, cottage cheese, sugar and other items, then visualise them in an unforgettable manner, he says．Start by creating an image of a large jar of potatoes standing in the garden．Next to it, imagine a giant tub of cottage cheese—the size of an outdoor pool—and then picture Lady Gaga swimming in it．And so on．Each image should be as fantastic and memorable as possible．
Using methods like this, it becomes possible to achieve great feats of memory quite easily, Foer says．It certainly seems to have worked for him: he won the annual US Memory Championships after learning how to memorize 120 random digits in five minutes; the first and last names of 156 strangers in 15 minutes; and a deck of cards in under two minutes．"What I had really trained my brain to do, as much as to memorise, was to be more mindful and to pay attention to the world around," he says．
These techniques employed by Foer to master his memory were developed by Ed Cooke—a British writer and a world memory championship grandmaster．He acted as Foer's trainer during preparations for the book and helped him achieve his championship performances．" Memory techniques do just one thing: they make information more meaningful to the mind, making the things we try to learn unforgettably bright and amusing," said Cooke．
1.Which of the following is conveyed in this article?
|
A．People become more independent with modern equipment． |
|
B．The memory's role in life is declining in modem society． |
|
C．Memory techniques can make information less meaningful． |
|
D．Ed Cooke is the first one who benefited from Foer's techniques． |
2.According to Joshua Foer, people no longer memorize information today because________．
|
A．museums can do everything for them． |
|
B．they no longer have the ability to memorize things． |
|
C．they have things that can act as storehouses for memories． |
|
D．it is not necessary to memorize anything in modem life． |
3.One method of memorizing things mentioned in the passage is to ________．
|
A．link things to famous pop stars |
|
B．find the connection between different things |
|
C．form vivid, unforgettable images of certain things |
|
D．use advanced digital imaging technology to help |
4.The underlined word "visualise" in the last paragraph most probably means "_______"．
|
A．imagine |
B．undertake |
C．remark |
D．indicate |
5.This passage can be sorted as ________．
|
A．a news report |
B．an advertisement |
|
C．a scientific discovery |
D．a book review |
