In old times, man considered lightning to be one of the great mysteries(神秘事物)of nature. In fact a single flash of lightning 1. 6 kilometers long has enough electricity to light one million lamps.
The American scientist, Benjamin Franklin, was the first to suggest that lightning is in fact electricity formed between the earth and clouds high above. It happened in 1752. In the same year, he also built the first lightning rod(避雷针)to protect buildings from being struck by lightnings.
Modern science has discovered that lightning is very strong and powerful. A lightning between a cloud and the earth may be as long as 13 kilometers, and travels at a speed of 30 million meters per second. Scientists have the opinion that there are about 2, 000 million flashes of lightning per year. In the United States alone, it kills almost one person per day. The safest place to be in during an electrical storm is a closed car. Outside, one should go close to low ground for cover and not stop under a tree. Also one should stay out of water and away from metal fences. Inside a house people should keep away from open doorways and windows and not touch wires or metal things.
1.From this passage we know lightning is_______ .
A. one of the great mysteries of nature
B. electricity high above the earth
C. a kind of light
D. the sound from the clouds
2.In the US _______.
A. every person can see lightning every day
B. at least one person is killed by lightning every day
C. there are about 6 million flashes of lightning per year
D. about one person per day dies from lightning
3.During a lightning storm, it would be best if you _______.
A. stand under a tree B. go outside C. stay in a closed car D. stop near windows
4.A lightning rod can _______.
A. prevent accidents caused by lightning
B. stop lightning
C. protect buildings from being washed away
D. delay the coming of lightning
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women.
1.Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?
A. She couldn’t get admitted to medical school
B. She decided to further her education in Paris
C. A serious eye problem stopped her
D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States
2.What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?
A. She was a woman.
B. She wrote too many letters.
C. She couldn’t graduate from medical school.
D. She couldn’t set up her hospital.
3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital?
A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years
4.According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell, except that she ______.
A. became the first woman physician
B. was the first woman doctor
C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children
D. set up the first medical school for women
In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources（资源） seemed to be 26 .
Today things are 27 , the world has become too 28 . We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 29 our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth will not 30 .
Everyone 31 today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing 32 , more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, 33 will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we 34 to use bigger and more powerful machines to 35 more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. ___36, in most countries wastes are 37 put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 38 laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the 39 of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enough food. What can we do to 40 these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and less 41 , there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops 42 five times more people than land where animals are kept. Our natural resources will 43 longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 44 .
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and cleaner 45 in the future.
1. A. beautiful B. unlimited C. rare D. valuable
2.A. common B. the same C. changeable D. different
3.A. crowded B. small C. dirty D. busy
4.A. protecting B. saving C. polluting D. fighting
5.A. breathe B. survive C. drink D. move
6.A. wonders B. realizes C. considers D. discovers
7.A. poles B. boats C. methods D. ideas
8.A. mountains B. the sea C. trees D. forests
9.A. continue B. stop C. keep D. go on
10.A. grow B. plant C. save D. cut down
11.A. Thus B. However C. But D. Therefore
12.A. still B. even C. also D. certainly
13.A. too many B. a few C. some D. few
14.A. production B. pollution C. population D. pronunciation
15.A. work B. deal C. solve D. serve
16.A. fruit B. meat C. fish D. grain
17.A. feeds B. increases C. supplies D. helps
18.A. use B. stay C. keep D. last
19.A. control B. born C. plan D. reward
20.A. nature B. sea C. planet D. forest
– I’m sorry I didn’t finish it on time.
-- ________.
A. Fine, thanks. B. No, thanks. C. Thanks a lot. D. Thank you all the same.
“Mom_______ the supermarket,” the daughter said to her father.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．goes to D．go to
The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _______ the present one.
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
