假设你是李华，你的澳大利亚朋友Dick写信给你，询问你校有关减轻中学生学习负担的情况。请你写一封回信，谈一谈减负给你的学习和生活带来的变化。
注意：1．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计人总词数；
2．词数120左右；
3．短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息。
参考词汇：减轻学习负担：reduce learning load
Dear Dick,
How nice to hear from you again.
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
There are two types of people in the world．Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable．This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds．
The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, and the fine weather．
They enjoy all the cheerful things．Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things．Therefore, they are continually discontented （不满意的） ．By their remarks, they soar （提升） the pleasures of society, offend （冒犯 ） many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere．If this turn of mind were founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied．
The tendency to criticize and be disgusted （厌恶） is perhaps taken up originally by imitation． It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors．The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effects on their interests and tastes．I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit．
Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck．Those people offend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that．This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments．If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success．Nor will anyone speak a word to favor their hopes．If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them．
These people should change this bad habit．If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them．
Title: Two Types of People
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Although they are both healthy and wealthy and they live a 76 life, they have different attitudes. |
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Reasons |
A. The different ways that they 77 anything and anyone. B. The result 78 their minds. |
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Characteristics of two types of people |
The people to be happy think 79 of anything and anyone and they are optimistic. On the 80 ，the people lo be unhappy are pessimistic (悲观的）. |
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81 towards the people to be unhappy |
A. If they attempt to _82_ some advantage in rank or fortune, they will not be favored. B. If they make themselves 83 in public, they will not be defended or _84_. |
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Conclusion |
The people to be unhappy should change this bad habit, 85. others will avoid any contact with them. |
It has been argued that an infant under three who is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents．The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar （留下疤痕） a child's personality and incline to emotional problems in later life．Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three, and many people do believe this．But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion．
Firstly, anthropologists （人类学家） point out that the hidden love between children and parents found in modem societies does not usually exist in traditional societies．For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngonis the father and mother of a child did not raise their infant alone．But traditional societies are so different from modern societies that comparisons based on just one factor are hard to understand．
Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents and caretakers found that children had problems with it．But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects．The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be noticed by the use of statistics．Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial．
Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have reported that day care had a neutral of slightly positive effect on children's development．But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue．
1.This passage is mainly talking about________．
A．children's personality
B．advantages of infants' early care
C．infants' education
D．negative effect of infant school
2.The phrase "day care in the first paragraph probably means_____.
A．nursing school B．baby-sitter
C．boarding school D．primary school
3.According to Bowlby, children under the age of three______．
A．should not be sent to school
B．should be cared for outside the home
C．will not suffer fro m parental separation
D．don't mind who will look after them
4.The argument against Bowlby's conclusion shows that___．
A．children have problems with day care
B．there is no negative effect on infants who go to school before three
C．there is a long-term effect on infants who go to school before three
D．children who are sent to school before three are sent to mental illness
Botany （植物学） , the study of plants, occupies a particular position in the history of human knowledge．For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest （模糊的）） of insights．It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient．This is logical．Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things even for other plants．They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people not only for food but also for clothing, tools, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes．Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each．To them, botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of "knowledge" at all．
Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become, the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge grows．Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose or an apple．When nor Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer fields the next season—the first, great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken．Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture: cultivated crops．From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild, and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience with plants in the wild would begin to fade away．
1.What does the writer mean when he says "This is logical" in the first paragraph?
A．Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed．
B．It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants．
C．There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor's knowledge of plant．
D．It is reasonable to assume our ancestors behave much like people in pre-industrial societies．
2.According to the passage, general knowledge of botany begun to fade away because ____．
A．people no longer value plants as a useful resource
B．direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased
C．botany is not recognized as a special branch of science
D．research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants
3.We learn that the first great step toward the practice of agriculture is____．
A．the changing diets of early humans
B．the development of a system of names for plants
C．the invention of agricultural implements （工具） and machinery
D．the discovery of certain grasses that could be harvested and replanted
4.Human would depend on the controlled production of a few plants for living with
A．the knowledge of plants
B．the discovery of certain grasses
C．the development of machinery
D．the appearance of agriculture
In an age dominated （控制的） by new media and the Internet, there are so many alternative ways of learning．Gone are the days when, if we couldn't make it into a classroom, the only real option was to pick up a book, or when audio materials consisted of bad quality cassettes or sporadic（时有时无的） radio and TV programmes．With the appearance of broadband access to the web, we have a whole new learning domain （统领） at our fingertips．Sophisticated learning materials in the form of text or high-quality audio are now available at the touch of a button, and tests and assignments can be submitted （进行） and marked online．Questions and learning, studying away from the classroom has never seemed easier．Yet many teachers would argue that face-to-face contact between teachers and students is an essential part of the language learning experience．Enter the concept of blended （融合的） learning, an approach to education which seeks to combine the best of new technology and actual human contact．
Advocates of blended learning argue that an approach to study which combines the benefits of new technology with the best aspects of face-to-face （often abbreviated to F2F） teaching, will achieve better results．For example, there are some aspects of study, like practical sessions, dealing with more subjective questions, or meeting the needs of an individual student, which require face-to-face human interaction, whereas the more mechanical aspects of learning, such as answers to clear-cut questions, can be managed simply and effectively in a remote environment using new technology．
Blended learning approaches have proven especially appropriate in language learning．For example, in an ELT （English Language Teaching ） environment, a simple scenario （剧情概要） might be a classroom session where a teacher asks a group of students to use a wiki to create a text． Students then go away and compose and edit the text remotely．During the next F2F session, the teacher express his opinion about their work．
1.What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Blended learning is an effective learning approach．
B．More and more people will use Internet-based learning materials,
C．There are so many different ways of learning for people to choose in today's world．
D．Blended learning methods have proven to be effective except in language learning．
2.Which of the following aspects of study doesn't require face-to-face interaction between teachers and students?
A．Practical sessions．
B．Tackling the needs of an individual student．
C．Dealing with more subjective questions．
D．Providing answers to clear-cut questions．
3.It can be inferred from the passage that ______．
A．the radio and TV in the past were of poor quality
B．people do not get audio materials through cassettes nowadays
C．it was not convenient for people to leam outside a classroom in the past
D．it was difficult to find a classroom with good learning conditions in the old days
4.Which of the following can be best describe the writer's attitude towards blended learning?
A．Critical． B．Objective （客观的） ．
C．Supportive． D．Neutral （中立的） ．
1.Where can we most probably read this text?
A．In a newspaper． B．In a magazine．
C．In traveling guide． D．In a history textbook．
2.The business hours of Cook's Cottage on Saturday in the summer are _____?
A．11:00 am—2:00 pm B．5:00 pm—10:30 pm
C．9:00 am—5:30 pm D．9:00 am—5:00 pm．
3.The Anchorage Restaurant is ____．
A．in Williamstown B．in the center of the city
C．in Anchorage D．in Port Philip Bay
4.Where can you spend the night in a tour?
A．Cook's Cottage． B．Sovereign Hill．
C．Sydney Tower． D．Westfield Counterpoint．
