It may seem to be a hard task to trace back the history of rap music, though you often see the informal music associated with highly informal dance style. As far as the origin of rap music is concerned, most people agree that it is from Afro-American and Latino Street culture of New York City. Not only in this city but in the surrounding areas there is the influence of African people and their culture.
Rap is a vocal (口头的) style in which the performer speaks rhythmically and in rhyme, generally to a beat. The term of rap music is the same with hip-hop music typically-consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap. If we see it carefully, then we will definitely notice that the music usually is sung at higher pitches (调). Most of the time rap music is associated with chorus. Though rap music was primarily an American music style with African influence over its music and lyrics, recently it has been spread to almost the entire world.
There is hardly any country or nation where rap music cannot be seen in some form or another, and it is one of the most popular music styles among the youngsters. However, when it comes to its history, it is believed that hip-hop or rap music started in the early 1970s，and gained much popularity throughout the world during the late 1970s and early 1980s.
The history of rap music and hip-hop music is full of controversies (争议) and bans, as the lyrics sometimes relate to drugs and crime; even most famous pop stars and hip-hop musicians and singers were found to be associated with the controversies in their life. For that reason, no matter how popular this music style was or still is, it has always had a bad reputation in the eyes of mainstream society.
1.The passage is mainly about _____.
A．when rap music started B．how rap music develops
C．what rap music is like D．why rap music is popular
2.The characteristics of rap music are _____.
A．solo, rhymes，beats and pops
B．speaking, rhythms，beats and solo
C．repeating, speaking, pops and chorus
D．speaking, rhymes, beats and chorus
3.Rap music is now one of the music styles mostly run after by _____.
A．the teenagers in Africa
B．all kinds of people in the world
C．the youngsters all over the world
D．the young people in the US
4.Rap music is often not well thought of by the mainstream because _____.
A．it comes from the lower class
B．it has a short history
C．it is associated with crimes and drugs
D．its music is full of controversies
My grandma whom we all called Nanny was a solid, first-generation, Italian immigrant. She came to this country with her family on a tiny ship during World War I when she was only 8 years old. During the trip she survived stormy seas，little food, and an attack by a German U-boat. After getting here，her large family worked hard to build a new life in America. They never had much money but were rich in love.
One day，when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents and brothers went on a trip. It was just me and Nanny in the house for the weekend. Nanny seemed so happy to be taking care of me all by herself. She made me a special breakfast that first morning. However, all I could do was to complain about how the food was not how Mom always made it. Nanny quietly put down the plate and went into the living room. I followed a minute later and saw that she had tears in her eyes. It was the first time I had ever seen my strong and proud grandmother cry and I was the one who had caused it.
I walked over to Nanny, climbed on her lap, and for the first time in my short life I did something else too. I apologized without being told to and asked Nanny to forgive me. She smiled, rubbed my head, and told me I was a good boy even though I didn’t feel like one then.
That memory just like my Nanny’s love will stay in my heart forever. It is a sign of both strength and wisdom. Asking for forgiveness helps us to learn, to grow, and to love.
1.Nanny，s family immigrated to America mainly because _____.
A．they suffered starvation in their homeland
B．they wanted to start a rich life in the new land
C．they tried to get away from the terrible climate
D．their country was in war and they needed peace
2.The boy complained to Nanny that the food _____.
A．wasn't cooked the way his mom did
B．was served a bit later than usual
C．was prepared in a special way
D．was just to his parents，taste
3.When seeing Nanny crying in the living room, the author felt _____.
A．surprised B．ashamed C．shocked D．annoyed
4.The author mainly wants to tell us that _____.
A．forgiveness can be beneficial to people asking for it
B．hardships can make children more indifferent
C．grandparents are more tolerant than their grandchildren
D．family ties can sometimes be misused
Ottawa is the capital of Canada. It is the second largest city in Ontario and the fourth largest city in the country.
The Centre Block is the main building on Parliament Hill (国会山). It is also the location of several ceremonial spaces, such as the Hall of Honor and the Memorial Chamber. The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building，after the first was destroyed by fire in 1916，and it is one of the most recognizable buildings in Canada.
Downtown Ottawa is the commercial and economic centre of the city. Most of the buildings are office towers. While most of Ottawa’s high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core. The downtown also contains a number of apartments, hotels, and the older single family homes and townhouses along its edges.
The National Gallery of Canada is one of Canada，s premier art galleries. The Gallery has a large and varied collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture and photographs. Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.
The Rideau Canal is the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America. At the very beginning，the purpose of the Rideau Canal was military, as it was intended to provide a secure supply and communication route between Montreal and the British naval base in Kingston. It remains in use today primarily for pleasure boating, with most of its original structures remained. The locks on the system open for navigation in mid-May and close in mid-October.
1.What does "iteration" probably mean in the 2nd paragraph? _____.
A．Repair B．Design C．Copy D．Landmark
2.In the core of Downtown Ottawa, we could see _____.
A．a large number of tall towers
B．head offices of Ottawa’ s high tech industry
C．a number of apartments and hotels
D．the older single family homes and townhouses
3.Collections in the National Gallery of Canada are mainly _____.
A．paintings and drawings B．sculpture and photographs
C．works by Canadian artists D．artwork by Americans and European
4.Which of the following is true about the Rideau Canal? _____.
A．It is the oldest canal system in North America
B．It was originally for the military purpose
C．The original structures remain never changed
D．People can only go boating from May to October
I was assigned to take care of this patient a couple of weeks ago and began to grow closer to her. Communicating with her was 1 because everything she wanted to say to me had to be written on a notepad. As a nursing graduate, I was able to 2 her mind by observing even a slight 3 in a patient's facial expression.
One day, when I was checking the patient，she 4 me on the shoulder to show me a note，"Do you think I could be let go 5 the hospital in a month to see my niece get married?，，Taking her hand in mine, I told her that I could not 6 her，because I did not want to leave her a 7 sense of hope. 8，I made her believe that I would be there with her every step of the way on her journey toward 9 . Hearing that, the patient gave me a 10 and a hug.
Day by day, I built her 11 by walking around the floor with her. As I did this, I could see before my own eyes that her health was 12 improving and able to walk more steadily. On her last day in hospital, just before her niece’s 13 ，she wrote me one last note, “I couldn’t have done this 14 you; I love you.” After kissing goodbye, I had a strong sense of achievement. I realized that moments like this were 15 I woke up early for 16 in the hospital and spent long hours with her. I truly felt, and her 17 confirmed, that I was an 18 part of this woman’s recovery. My experience with this patient shows me that this career allows me to touch the 19 of people in ways that people in other 20 will never get to experience.
1. A．difficult B．funny C．simple D．interesting
2. A．see B．know C．read D．feel
3. A．worry B．change C．pain D．excitement
4. A．tapped B．hit C．knocked D．struck
5. A．of B．to C．in D．from
6. A．disappoint B．promise C．comfort D．trust
7. A．false B．strong C．right D．good
8.A. Therefore B. Besides C However D. Furthermore
9. A．death B．success C．destination D．recovery
10. A．surprise B．stare C．smile D．whistle
11. A．future B．strength C．hope D．confidence
12. A．slowly B．completely C．rapidly D．finally
13. A．presence B．visit C．wedding D．presentation
14. A．without B．behind C．except D．beside
15. A．what B．why C．when D．how
16. A．work B．school C．office D．exercise
17. A．expression B．note C．feeling D．treatment
18. A．irrelevant B．insignificant C．instructive D．important
19. A．fortunes B．shoulders C．lives D．tears
20. A．hospitals B．areas C．lands D．fields
_____ these experiments were successfully completed would we think of
going into humans.
A．If only B．So that C．Only if D．Even if
According to the rules and regulations, all payments _____ be made in cash in the shopping center.
A．shall B．can C．must D．should
