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Learning to drive is important to the in...

Learning to drive is important to the independence of teenagers, but it is also a great responsibility.Although having a law that keeps 16-year-old drivers from having more than one teenager in the car with them at first seems unfair, there are convincing reasons for this requirement.

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reports that teens are four times more likely than older drivers to be involved in an automobile accident.It also reports that 16-and 17-year-old drivers are twice as likely to have an accident if they have two teenage friends in the car and four times as likely to have one if they have three or more teenage friends in the car with them.Fatal ( 致命的) crashes of 16-year-old drivers involve the highest percentage of speeding, driver error, and number of passengers.This information is enough to cause any reasonable person to wonder about the wisdom of allowing new teen drivers to take a carload of friends anywhere, even if the law permits it.

A study at the National Institutes of Health indicates that the part of the human brain that controls judgment and evaluates the consequences of our actions might not be fully formed until the age of 25.Until this study, researchers had placed the age at 18.If this is true, it could explain the reckless (鲁莽的) behavior of many teens, behavior that often extends into their twenties.It also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young people.

This is not the only study that indicates such caution is necessary.One study at Temple University in Philadelphia examines the results of peer(同龄人) pressure in risky driving situations.The study, which uses a driving game, has an individual guide a car through a course, both alone and in the presence of friends.Three different age groups participated in the study: 13-16, 18-22, and 24 and older.Members of the oldest group showed caution whether driving alone or with friends present, but the two younger groups took more chances when they were with their friends.Furthermore, because these drivers were accustomed to the noise and distraction of many passengers, they were unable to see their own mistakes.Once again, this is a good indication that a law restricting the number of teenagers in the car with a young driver is a good idea.

1.What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2?

A.Many deaths have occurred because of inexperience and overconfidence.

B.It' s reasonable to severely limit the passenger number of teen drivers.

C.New teen drivers have to ask permission before driving with friends.

D.There are many causes behind the teens' driving accidents.

2.From the two studies, the author probably suggests that ______.

A.different age groups have different peer pressure

B.teenagers often give wrong judgments above passengers' noise

C.underdeveloped brain makes teens ignore their mistakes

D.driving circumstances are bound up with(与…密切相关) the risk of accidents

3.We can infer that the law restriction can probably ______.

A.protect teens on the highway

B.raise teens' sense of responsibility

C.reduce the number of fatal crashes

D.force teens to drive with caution

4.With which statement would the author most likely disagree?

A.Some teenagers have risky behavior while driving.

B.Certain laws treat teenagers and adults differently.

C.We still need more studies on teen driving.

D.Driving is important to a teenager' s sense of independence.

 

1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 【解析】 试题分析:本文围绕法律限制车内青少年的人数这一论点展开论证,通过对两个研究的分析原因,论证了法律的可行性,科学性。该法律的最终结果就是为了保护高速路上的青少年。 1.从第一段最后一句there are convincing reasons for this requirement说明紧接第二段将论证法律规定16岁的年轻司机车内不能载超过一个青少年的原因,这样做是合理的。故选B 2.从第二段第一个研究中的结论It also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young people可知驾驶环境与事故的风险有密切联系。 3.BCD答案均为法律限制车内青少年的人数的直接目的,不是推断出来的,而A答案则是该法律的最终结果:保护高速路上的青少年,文章中并没提及,但可推断出来,故选A 4.文章作者通过两个研究均表明这条法律的可行性,科学性,故不会赞同做进一步的研究。所以C答案符合。 考点:社会生活类议论文
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Some wonderfully creative uses of X-rays have been in the world of art.But the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered up.Details unfolded by an X-ray of a painting can ' t be seen any other way.For example, in the past, paintings were often repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas (帆布). These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting.It takes an X-ray to discover where the repairs have been made.

An X-ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery(赝品).If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not, X-rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original.If the brushstrokes (笔迹) , for example, are shown to be totally different than in other work done by a certain artist, then the painting is proved to be a fake copy.

Since modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago, the image they leave on an X-ray film looks different.This is another way X-rays can be used to spot a forgery.A modem artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of years old by painting dirty varnish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look cracked.To the naked eye the forgery may look old, but when a careful study of the X-ray image is made, the deception is obvious.

It was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting, decide it wasn't any good, and paint a completely different picture on top of it.Or artists would paint over others' work —it was their version of recycling.Taking an X-ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture underneath the picture you see with your eyes.Sometimes museums will be more interested in the painting beneath than the one on top, and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed.

1.What is the main purpose of the article?

A.To provide information to police who are looking for stolen art.

B.To persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art.

C.To explain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways.

D.To help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance.

2.According to the passage,X-rays are used to ______.

A.make repairs on paintings in the past

B.identify the authenticity of an artwork

C.change the materials of a forgery

D.remove the recyclable paints

3.In Paragraph 3, the word "deception" probably means ______.

A.comparison        B.drawback          C.trickery           D.judgement

4.Which is the best title for the passage?

A.X-ray Detectives

B.Creative Uses of Technology

C.Forgery Studies

D.X-ray Painting Techniques

 

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Unlike many surfers who sought the perfect wave, my interests always lay beneath the sea' s surface in a world I could only imagine and dream of.When I was twelve, I made my first adventures in the deep.Later I would learn how to dive, expanding my world of exploration many times over.

Perhaps the greatest turning point in my life came when I was in high school and I wrote a letter to the famous Scripps Oceanographic Institution, asking how I might learn more about the sea.A kind scientist answered my letter and told me how to apply to Scripps for a summer scholarship, which I received.During one of their courses that summer, I met Dr.Robert Norris, a marine geologist.He loved the sea almost as much as I did.Soon he suggested I consider his school, the University of California, for my study.One year later I became a member of the freshman class.

Now my love affair with the sea became a serious endeavor(艰苦的努力).If I wanted to be an undersea explorer, I needed to learn as much as I could about the laws of the physical world that controlled the environment I wanted to enter.The undersea world is not our natural world.It is unforgiving to those who make mistakes.At its greatest depths the water temperature is near freezing, the pressure is eight tons per square inch, and it is totally dark.It is easy to get lost in such a world.I needed to learn a lot about geography, navigation, geology, biology, and many other things.

I decided another important thing for me to do was to join the U.S.Navy.If I was going to be an undersea explorer, I would have to lead men and women on dangerous adventures where they might get hurt, and I didn't want that to happen.

In the Navy I learned discipline, organization, and how to motivate and lead people on adventures so that we could explore the wonders of the deep.

Finally, the time came to put all that I had learned to use, to go forth with a team of men and women and explore an adventure I am still on and hope to be on for many years to come.

1.What happened to the author at the age of twelve?

A.He dreamed about undersea exploration.

B.He began to swim under the deep water.

C.He surfed on big waves for the first time.

D.He learned to dive off the cliffs.

2.In college, the author took many different types of courses because he

A.was told it was easy to get lost in exploration

B.was advised to take them by Dr.Robert Norris

C.thought they were needed to fully understand the ocean

D.believed it would help him succeed in the Navy

3.The author joined the Navy to ______.

A.develop his leadership skills

B.get along with people under stress

C.learn about the dangers of the ocean

D.gather specific information about ocean life

4.Which word can best describe the author?

A.Imaginative.      B.Optimistic.       C.Independent.     D.Ambitious.

 

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Travis laughed as he tore at the wrapping paper on his birthday present.He was so    16 ! Finally, he would have the coolest pair of name-brand basketball shoes.

All the guys on his team were wearing the name-brand shoes of a popular basketball   17  , Chuck Hart.    18   Hart was criticized for his poor sportsmanship(运动员风范) and infamous(臭名远扬的)   19 , he was a great player.In fact, Travis wasn't thinking about Hart' s behavior; he had only expected to see Hart' s  20  on the side of the box.The first indication that something was   21  came as he tore away the last piece of paper.Not Hart' s.The new shoes were the name-brand of another player, Robert Ryann, who was   22   for his amazing work in the community.

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Next morning his dad drove him to school.When they   26  in front of his destination, Travis slowly opened the car door.Just then, his dad stopped him.

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When Travis looked down at his feet, he saw the shoes   34   . His dad had used his mind and heart to give the son a thoughtful   35   .

1.                A.surprised       B.ashamed        C.excited   D.worried

 

2.                A.team           B.player          C.coach    D.game

 

3.                A.Unless         B.If              C.Because  D.Although

 

4.                A.skill            B.performance     C.behavior  D.action

 

5.                A.name          B.photo          C.sign  D.model

 

6.                A.strange         B.wrong          C.true D.funny

 

7.                A.known         B.encouraged     C.adopted  D.influenced

 

8.                A.fell            B.froze           C.shook    D.folded

 

9.                A.questioned      B.noticed         C.teased   D.attacked

 

10.               A.mustn't         B.needn't        C.wouldn't   D.couldn't

 

11.               A.pulled up       B.put up         C.took up   D.turned up

 

12.               A.peacefully      B.hesitantly       C.delightedly D.naturally

 

13.               A.choice         B.effort          C.comment  D.mistake

 

14.               A.believe         B.miss           C.admire    D.remember

 

15.               A.danger         B.anger          C.sorrow    D.trouble

 

16.               A.teammate       B.adult           C.kid   D.student

 

17.               A.so             B.and            C.but   D.or

 

18.               A.honor          B.courage        C.dream D.belief

 

19.               A.clearly         B.carefully        C.patiently   D.differently

 

20.               A.gift            B.look           C.hope D.lesson

 

 

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I will visit Austria ______ the invitation of my friend this summer vacation.

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