The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing (引证) older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is slow to learn that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable."
Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation (自我肯定). In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic viewpoint. Call it the power of negative thinking.
1.The first paragraph is written ___________.
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A．to raise an argument about positive thinking |
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B．to introduce the power of positive thinking |
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C．to encourage people to have positive thoughts |
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D．to introduce the $11 billion self-help industry |
2. According to the study of the Canadian researchers, ___________.
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A．positive thinking is not as powerful as negative thinking |
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B．encouraging positive thinking may actually discourage people |
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C．happy people can think positively while unhappy people can’t |
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D．getting people to think positively can strengthen their confidence |
3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
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A．You are pointing out the mistakes he has made. |
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B．You are reminding him that he is not intelligent. |
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C．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough. |
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D．You are showing he has great potential in spite of faults. |
4.We can learn from the last paragraph that ___________.
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A．negative feelings must be got rid of |
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B．there’s no point in thinking positively |
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C．it doesn’t make sense to think negatively |
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D．negative thinking is not always negative |
Recently, a couple in New Zealand were forbidden from naming their baby son 4Real. Even 36 New Zealand has quite free rules about 37 children, names beginning with a 38 are not allowed. They decided to call him Superman 39 .
In many countries around the world, 40 names for children are becoming more popular. In Britain, you can call a child almost 41 you like. The only restrictions(限制) on parents 42 to offensive(冒犯的) words such as swear words.
43 parents choose names which come from 44 culture. For example, there have been six boys named Gandalf 45 the character in the Lord of the Rings(指环王) novels and films. 46 , names related to sport are fairly common – 47 1984, 36 children have been called Arsenal(阿森纳) after the football team. Other parents like to 48 names, or combine names to make their own 49 names, a method demonstrated (证实的) by Jordan, the British model, 50 recently invented the name Tiaamii for her daughter by 51 names Thea and Amy (the two grandmothers).
Some names which were previously 52 as old-fashioned have 53 popular again, but the most popular names are not the strange 54 . The top names are fairly 55 , for example, Jack, Charlie and Thomas for boys and Grace, Ruby and Jessica for girls.
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The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _____ floors. People in it had no way to get out.
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A．in |
B．between |
C．among |
D．on |
--- I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there ?
--- I ___. But my car ____.
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A．would; was fixed |
B．would have; was fixed |
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C．would have; was being fixed |
D．did ; was being fixed |
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，不久前在学校举办的英语竞赛中获得一等奖。校报请你写一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上，介绍你课外学习英语的经验。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文：
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注意：
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2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
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My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy. He did not want share things with other people. For example，when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place where I couldn’t find. Then he ate it all by himself. He never helped other. He said he is busy. That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. He did not care if something he did made people angrily. For instance, on one night he played strong and loudly music till four o’clock in the morning. But he is difference now. He often helps grandma with housework, helps mum with cooking and helps his classmates with their lessons.
