最近许多城市常被雾霾（haze）所笼罩，请就这一话题谈谈你的看法。文章必须包括：
描述雾霾天气的景象
提出解决这一问题的建议
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.许多驾驶员对新的交通法规都感到不习惯。(use)
2.传统的火车票购买方式已经被网络购买方式所取代了。(replace)
3.过不了几天他们就会把面试结果寄给你的。(It)
4.我们非常关心食品质量，因为它与每一个人的健康都息息相关。(concern)
5.那些消防战士冒着生命危险把困在着火的屋子里的老人和小孩全部救了出来。（trap）
Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Children and adolescents who watch a lot of television are more likely to have antisocial and criminal behavior when they become adults, according to a new University of Otago, New Zealand, study published online in the journal Pediatrics. The study followed a group of around 1,000 children born in the New Zealand city of Dunedin in 1972-1973. Every two years between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. Those who watched more television were more likely to have a criminal conviction and were also more likely to have antisocial personality traits in adulthood.
The study found that the risk of having a criminal behavior by early adulthood increased by about 30% with every hour that children spent watching TV on an average weeknight.
The study also found that watching more television in childhood was associated, in adulthood, with aggressive personality, an increased tendency to experience negative emotions, and an increased risk of antisocial personality disorder; a psychiatric disorder characterised by persistent patterns of aggressive and antisocial behavior.
The researchers found that the relationship between TV viewing and antisocial behavior was not explained by socio-economic status, aggressive or antisocial behavior in early childhood, or parenting factors.
A study co-author, Lindsay Robertson, says it is not that children who were already antisocial watched more television. “Rather, children who watched a lot of television were likely to go on to manifest antisocial behavior and personality traits.”
Other studies have suggested a link between television viewing and antisocial behavior, though very few have been able to demonstrate a cause-and-effect sequence. This is the first ‘real-life’ study that has asked about TV viewing throughout the whole childhood period, and has looked at a range of antisocial outcomes in adulthood. As an observational study, it cannot prove that watching too much television caused the antisocial outcomes, but the findings are consistent with most of the research and provides further evidence that excessive television can have long-term consequences for behavior.
Antisocial behavior is a major problem for society. While we’re not saying that television causes all antisocial behavior, our findings do suggest that reducing TV viewing could go some way towards reducing rates of antisocial behavior in society,” says Associate Professor Hancox.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children should watch no more than 1 to 2 hours of quality television programming each day. The researchers say their findings support the idea that parents should try to limit their children's television use.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
1.The aim of the study is to reveal ______________________________________________.
2.The researchers chose __________________________________________ as their research subjects（研究对象）.
3.What’s the shortcoming of most of the studies on this topic?
__________________________________________________________.
4.What do you suppose many parents will do after reading this passage?
__________________________________________________________.
Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
A. Factors that influence reactions to pollutants
B. Possible sources of indoor air pollution
C. Ways to identify diseases with similar symptoms
D. Long-term effects after repeated exposure
E. A commonly-ignored health threat
F. Immediate symptoms and regular treatment
1.Most people are aware that outdoor air pollution can damage their health, but many do not know that indoor air pollution can also have significant health effects. Environmental Protection Agency studies indicate that indoor levels of pollutants may be 2-5 times, and occasionally more than 100 times, higher than outdoor levels. These levels of indoor air pollutants may be of particular concern because most people spend about 90％ of their time indoors.
2.There are many sources of indoor air pollution in any home. These include combustion sources such as oil, gas, coal, wood, and tobacco products; building materials and furnishings as diverse as deteriorated asbestos-containing insulation, wet or damp carpet, and cabinetry or furniture made of certain pressed wood products; products for household cleaning and maintenance, personal care, or hobbies; central heating and cooling systems and humidification devices; and outdoor sources such as radon, pesticides, and outdoor air pollution.
3.Immediate effects may show up after a single exposure or repeated exposures. These include irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. Such immediate effects are usually short-term and treatable. Sometimes the treatment is simply eliminating the person's exposure to the source of the pollution, if it can be identified. Symptoms of some diseases, including asthma, hypersensitivity and fever, may also show up soon after exposure to some indoor air pollutants.
4.The likelihood of immediate reactions to indoor air pollutants depends on several factors. Age and pre-existing medical conditions are two important influences. In other cases, whether a person reacts to a pollutant depends on individual sensitivity, which varies tremendously from person to person. Some people can become sensitized to biological pollutants after repeated exposures, and it appears that some people can become sensitized to chemical pollutants as well.
5.Certain immediate effects are similar to those from colds or other viral diseases, so it is often difficult to determine if the symptoms are a result of exposure to indoor air pollution. For this reason, it is important to pay attention to the time and place the symptoms occur. If the symptoms fade or go away when a person is away from the home and return when the person returns, an effort should be made to identify indoor air sources that may be possible causes.
Barack Obama urged congressional leaders on Monday to act quickly to pass a huge stimulus package for the U.S. economy. He met with a bipartisan (concerning or involving two different political parties) group of lawmakers on Capitol Hill. Later he met individually with Democratic and Republican House and Senate leaders and spoke to a bipartisan leadership gathering. In comments to reporters early on Monday, he emphasized the urgency of finalizing economic legislation (立法). “We have got an extraordinary economic challenge ahead of us,” he said, “We are expecting a sobering job report at the end of the week. Nancy Pelosi and her staff have been extraordinarily helpful in working with our team so that we can shape an economic recovery and reinvestment plan that starts putting people back to work.”
Mr. Obama wants tax cuts for individual Americans and businesses to make up a significant portion of expected legislation. This could involve as much as $300 billion of a bill that is likely to go beyond $700 billion and include aid to cash-poor U.S. states, and money for alternative energy and a range of infrastructure (基础设施) projects. Later, Mr. Obama said he expects to be able to sign legislation as soon as the end of this month, adding that quick action is necessary to “break the drive of the U.S. economic depression”.
Emerging later from bipartisan talks with Mr. Obama, Nancy Pelosi said lawmakers discussed with the president how to pass a stimulus package as quickly as possible. “An economic recovery package that will create jobs immediately and will grow the economy and that is what we talked about today,” said Nancy Pelosi. “How we could do this fast, deliberatively and to act upon it soon.” Just how soon that would be, Pelosi would not say.
How much support Democrats can obtain from Republicans will depend on the details. But the severity of the U.S. economic depression has created considerable bipartisan backing for quick action. Senate Majority Leader, Harry Reid said: “There are investments that we need to make on behalf of the American people to turn around this economy. We felt very good about the meeting; we are confident that we can do this and we have to do this.”
“I think the best thing I can do is to decline to comment on what they are going to do going forward,” said Dana Perino. “Obviously, we think that tax cuts were the right way to help our economy get out of the economic depression that this president inherited and we know that tax cuts can stimulate innovation.” Asked by reporters how large the economic stimulus package might be, Senate Majority Leader Reid said Obama indicated that all but one of some 28 economists advising him had said it should range from $800 billion to $1.3 trillion.
1.Barack Obama urged congressional leaders and met with bipartisan leaders to _____.
A．take over the White House
B．end economic decline
C．understand each other better
D．negotiate political issues
2.If the stimulus package is passed quickly and successfully, it can _____.
A．obtain support from Republicans
B．finalize economic legislation
C．enhance America’s international position
D．provide job opportunities
3.What is the bipartisan leaders’ attitude towards this meeting?
A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Disappointed. D．Indifferent.
4.What can we infer from the passage?
A．The best way out of the economic depression is tax cuts.
B．The Republic Party plays the key role in coping with the economic depression.
C．Democrats and Republicans will team up in the economic depression.
D．When the stimulus package will be passed is known to the lawmakers.
Stewart Island Ferry Services
While most visitors spend at least one night on Stewart Island, it is also readily accessible by ferry as a day excursion from Invercargill and Bluff.
Experience Foveaux Strait in comfort and style on board our express catamarans. During the one-hour crossing between Bluff and Stewart Island keep a lookout for wildlife, especially seabirds. Watching mollymawks (albatross) soaring behind the ferry is a fantastic sight.
Interesting landmarks commonly seen include Dog Island Lighthouse, Ruapuke Island, Titi Islands and Mt Anglem - Stewart Island’s highest point.
? Free tea and coffee on board
? Interpretation handouts are available (English only).
? Wheelchair access available
? Personal baggage is carried free on the ferries - max. two bags per person (one stowed and one small carry-on). Additional baggage is by prior arrangement.
? Vehicle parking available at Bluff (extra cost - reservations recommended)
FERRY TO STEWART ISLAND
Depart Bluff
All year 9:30am
Sep-May 5:00pm
Oct –Apr 11:00am
Jun –Aug 4:30pm
Late Dec –mid Jan8:00am FERRY TO BLUFF
Depart Stewart Island
All year 8:00am
Sep –May 3:30pm
Oct –Mar 6:00pm
Apr 5:00pm
Jun-Aug 3:00pm
Late Dec –mid Jan 9:30am
Other departures as locally advertised
Duration 1hr
Check-in 30 minutes prior to the scheduled departure time. (Check-in and boarding gates are closed 10 minutes prior to times stated above.)
“20% Multi-Purchase REWARD” on Return Ferry Services
Buy 2 or more different excursions and SAVE 20% off all lower priced!
Kids Go FREE on selected departures during NZ School Holidays!
Kids Go FREE for travel 20 April - 5 May 2013.
1.If leaving a car at Bluff, a traveler had better _____.
A．refer to the handouts first
B．use wheelchair access
C．make a reservation
D．park it 30 minutes before departure time
2.John, who went to Stewart Island on Dec. 28th, got to the ferry dock at 7:55am. When did he most probably leave Bluff?
A．At 8:00a.m.. B．At 9:30a.m.. C．At 11:00a.m.. D．At 3:00p.m..
3.Which of the following is false about the ferry services?
A．Tea and coffee are free for passengers.
B．Children go free for travel for about 15 days.
C．Travelers are sure to see some seabirds during the crossing.
D．Passengers have to pay extra cost for extra pieces of luggage.
