In yesterday’s newspaper, it was reported that great damage ____by the flood.
A．has been done B．had been done C．has done D．had done
文中共有10处错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜钱（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear students,
In order to increase the students interest in learning English and improving their spoken English, the Students’ Union was going to hold an English speech contest in the evening of December 30. Which is going to be held in the school main hall and will begins at 7:30. But the best five students of this English contest will be given prizes. Everyone in the Grade Three is welcome to take part in it. Those who would like take part in this contest should go to the office of the Students’ Union and sign your names before December 15. Welcome to have the great fun!
the Students’ Union
同义句转换, 每空一词 ( 每空0.5分，共10分 )
1.Paris is situated on the River Seine and is known as a city of romance.
_____ _____ the River Seine, Paris is known as a city of romance.
2.It is known to all that the modern Olympic Games began in Athens, the capital of Greece.
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____, the modern Olympic Games began in Athens, the capital of Greece.
3.The style of Chinese buildings influenced the Japanese architecture greatly.
The style of Chinese buildings _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ the Japanese architecture
4.Gradually, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century.
_____ _____ _____, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century.
5.Compare the girl with many other women, and we find her very lucky.
_____ _____ many other women, the girl is very lucky.
6.The door opened and a man entered, followed by a group of soldiers.
The door opened and there _____ _____ _____, followed by a group of soldiers.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep. ___1.___ However, they have been valued as necessary to a person’s health and happiness.
Historically people thought dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person’s character. ___2.__ He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life.
The second theory to become popular was Carl Jung’s compensation theory. Jung, a former student of Freud, said that the purpose of a dream is not to hide something, but rather to communicate it to the dreamer. ___3.__ Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes.
Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans. ___4.___ Until they reach age five, they can not express very well what their dreams are about. Once people become adults, there is little or no change in their dreams. The dreams of men and women differ.
The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand. ___5.___ If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.
A．Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.
B．However, people should not take their dreams as reality.
C．They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.
D．It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.
E．Children do not dream as much as adults.
F．They think their mind is trying to tell them something.
G．First, there was Sigmund Freud’s theory.
It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects(前景) of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less serious for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual(智力的) opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary(包括各种学科的) team, manage budgets and negotiate(谈判) contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1.By “a one-way street” in the first paragraph, the author means ________.
A．university researchers know little about the commercial world
B．there is little exchange between industry and academia
C．few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D．few university professors are willing to do industrial research
2.The word “deterrent” most probably refers to something that _____.
A．keeps someone from taking action
B．helps to move the traffic
C．attracts people’s attention
D．brings someone a financial burden
3.What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A．Flexible work hours.
B．Her research interests.
C．Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
D．Prospects of academic accomplishments.
4.Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
A．do financially more rewarding work
B．raise his status in the academic world
C．enrich his experience in medical research
D．have better intellectual opportunities
5.What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A．Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market
B．Develop its students’ potential in research.
C．Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D．Adapt its research to practical applications.
Drunken driving—sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder—has become a national epidemic(流行病). Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years.
A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or several glasses of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were serious in most courts, but the drunken slaughter(屠宰) has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing(使翻转) a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decline in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who “obviously drunk” and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition(禁止) of alcohol that began in 1919, what President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
1.From the first paragraph, we can know that _________.
A．most Americans like drinking
B．heavy drinking is hard to avoid
C．many Americans are killed by drunk drivers
D．Americans are not shocked by traffic accidents
2.In America, public opinion about drunken driving has changed because ________.
A．judges are no longer serious
B．new laws are introduced in some states
C．the problem has attracted public attention
D．drivers do not appreciate their manly image
3.What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?
A．The legal drinking age should be raised.
B．Young drivers were usually bad.
C．Most drivers hoped to raise the legal drinking age.
D．Drivers should not be allowed to drink.
4.Laws recently introduced in some states have _________.
A．reduced the number of deaths.
B．resulted in fewer serious accidents.
C．prevented bars from serving drunken customers.
D．specified the amount drivers can drink.
5.Which of the following best shows the writer’s opinion of drunken driving?
A．It may lead to organized crime.
B．It is difficult to solve this problem.
C．The new laws can stop heavy drinking.
D．There should be no bars to serve drink.
