阅读下列材料，从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卡对应的位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。
以下是6条有关颜色偏好和性格关系的描述。
A
|
GOLD |
|
People who choose GOLD as their primary color like to fit in or belong. They tend to be reliable people who enjoy serving others. Things like tradition and home are very important to them. They need order and structure. They don’t like waste or change. |
B
|
ORANGE |
|
People who choose ORANGE as their primary color need variety and freedom. They take pride in being highly skilled. They enjoy “hands-on” work and often are good in a crisis. They are risk-takers and challenge-seekers. |
C
|
YELLOW |
|
People who choose YELLOW as their primary color are curious about everything. They are confident and knowledgeable. They love sports very much and they work highly efficiently. |
D
|
GREEN |
|
People who choose GREEN as their primary color are competent and want to control the realities of life. They are analytical and enjoy solving problems and developing systems. They love intelligence and logic. They are often critical of themselves and others. |
E
|
BLUE |
|
People who choose BLUE as their primary color enjoy close relationships, harmony and integrity(正直). They are often very creative and they also enjoy the creative work of others. |
F
|
RED |
|
People who choose RED as their primary color are always full of vigor and tend to be confident. It seems that they are ready to do anything and will be successful. They also have a strong desire for power. |
现在阅读以下根据员工性格提出的促进工作效率的方法，然后从以上A, B, C, D, E和F中找出与它们适合的群体。
1.Create a warm and personal working atmosphere; Establish a peaceful working environment and try to avoid conflict(冲突); Allow them freedom to express their feelings; Praise them for their creativity.
2.Assign them work needing detailed planning; Define the tasks in clear terms; Provide a stable work environment and avoid sudden change; Issue rules and regulations; Provide good examples.
3.Assign them work which needs analytical thinking and problem-solving skills; Encourage them to think independently and take their ideas to the next step.
4.Assign them work which is action-packed; Provide opportunities which need skills and challenges; Do not let them do the same job for a long time.
5.Assign them work which needs full energy; Provide competitive opportunities; Let them know that they will be promoted if they do brilliantly.
An experiment was carried out at British school into the performance of new pupils. At the start of the year, the pupils were each given a rating, ranging from “excellent prospect” to “unlikely to do well”. These were totally untrue ratings and did not reflect how well the pupils had previously performed. However, these ratings were given to the teachers. At the end of the year, the experimenters compared the pupils’ performance with the ratings. Despite their real abilities, there was an astonishingly high connection between performance and ratings. It seems that people perform as well as we expect them to.
The Self-fulfilling Effect is also known as the Pygmalion Effect. This comes from an old Greek story. The story was also the basis of George Bernard Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”, later turned into the musical “My Fair Lady”. In Shaw’s play, Professor Henry Higgins claims he can turn a Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle into a duchess. But, as Eliza herself points out to Higgins’ friend Pickering, it isn’t what she learns or does that determines whether she will become a duchess, but how she’s treated.
The implication (含义) of the Pygmalion Effect for leaders and managers is massive. It means that the performance of your team depends less on them than it does on you. The performance you get from people is no more or less than what you expect, which means you must always expect the best. As Goethe said, “Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is. Treat a man as he can and should be and he will become as he can and should be.”
1.The underlined word in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “_________”.
A．program B．regulation C．correction D．classification
2.What’s the passage mainly about?
A．A new scientific experiment.
B．The Self-fulfilling Effect.
C．Shaw’s play “Pygmalion”.
D．An improved teaching method.
3.The experiment was made in order to _________.
A．try out a new teaching method
B．pick out the most excellent pupils
C．learn if expectations affect performance
D．give each pupil a proper rating
4.What made Eliza change into a duchess according to Eliza herself?
A．Strict training from Higgins.
B．Her own strong will and hard work.
C．The proper way she was regarded.
D．Warm encouragement from Pickering.
5.According to the Pygmalion Effect, if you want a man to finish a hard task in a short time, you should say, “_________”.
A．I’m sure you can make it B．I will help you any time
C．It is as easy as pie D．It doesn’t matter if you fail
The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other amusement.
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. “Call me Haiz”, he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2010.
The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.
1.What is the best title of the text?
A．The guide of Admongo
B．An education website for children
C．A popular online video game
D．A website aimed at children
2.Why did the government start the website?
A．To attract the biggest market of buyers.
B．To sell the products of its company.
C．To help children know about advertising.
D．To advertise the video game for children.
3.The underlined word “identify” can be replaced by _________.
A．recognize B．inform C．persuade D．forbid
4.What can players do in the website game?
A．Choose hair styles for their character.
B．Travel to a supermarket.
C．Eat in a fast-food restaurant.
D．Play video games during the trip.
5.Children are important for advertising because they are _________.
A．important for the society B．the most potential buyers
C．easily influenced by ads D．easily affected by poor products
Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.
However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk ‘dog’, and dogs can learn how to talk ‘cat’.
What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.
The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets — to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.
1.The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “without _________”.
A．a message B．a problem C．introduction D．delay
2.Some cats and dogs may fight when _________.
A．they are cold to each other
B．they look away from each other
C．they misunderstood each other’s signals
D．they are introduced at an early age
3.What is found surprising about cats and dogs?
A．They eat and sleep each other.
B．They observe each other’s behaviors.
C．They learn to speak each other’s language.
D．They know something from each other’s voices.
4.It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _________.
A．have common interests
B．are less different than was thought
C．have a common body language
D．are less intelligent than was expected
5.What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?
A．We should learn to live in harmony.
B．We should know more about animals.
C．We should live in peace with animals.
D．We should learn more body languages.
Every Saturday or Sunday night my family and I go out and feed the homeless people in the city of Orlando. There are thousands of people across the United States without any food or shelter. My family and I have been doing this for several months.
We all get together in the kitchen and prepare the food. Some of the meals are sandwiches, cookies and a bottle of water. Sometimes my mom prepares a steaming hot delicious meal. We then bag them all up to feed 30 or more people.
I like to write special notes on the bags like “God loves you.” Before my family and I get into the car we ask God for protection in a family prayer. A lot of people misunderstand homeless people. Not all homeless people are drug addicts or bad people. Some are really nice. Some of them just had bad things that happened to them.
At first when my family and I went out on the street we had to earn their trust. A lot of people are unkind to them for no good reason. But now that they see us every week, they trust us. We even know some of their names. We all have to remember that these are people that have feelings. Some of them shake our hands for giving them food, and thank us. Some of them do really funny dances because they are happy.
We have become really close with this man named Tony and his wife. They have all of their personal belongings in shopping carts. After meeting with them several times he has told us a lot about his life. He graduated from Harvard University and has a PHD. He used to teach French and Spanish. He lost his job after the economic crisis began.
After we get done feeding the homeless, it makes me appreciate what I have at home. Sometimes it makes me sad, and makes my mom cry. I love feeding the homeless, and making a difference in someone’s life.
1.The following statements are all right except _________.
A．we feed the homeless every Saturday or Sunday night
B．I write some encouraging words on the food
C．we offer food for about 30 or more people every Saturday or Sunday night
D．my family and I have been feeding the poor for several months
2.What do many people think of the homeless in America?
A．They are homeless because of taking drugs.
B．They are bad people against the society.
C．They must have done something bad.
D．All of above.
3.Why do the homeless believe in the author and his family?
A．They don’t ask the homeless to do something bad.
B．They always bring more food every time.
C．They often give food to them at fixed time.
D．They never ask about the names of the homeless.
4.What made Tony lose his job?
A．The falling economy across the whole country.
B．He hasn’t got a suitable university degree.
C．He graduated from a common university.
D．He doesn’t like the teaching of the French language.
5.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph most probably refers to _________.
A．the loss of the job of Tony
B．the poverty of the author’s family
C．the feeding of the homeless
D．the leaving from the homeless
Shaping a child is like shaping clay（粘土）— you have to start from the beginning and work your way to the end with extreme caution but with gentle and loving 16 . However, unlike clay, you don’t get a second 17 with a child. You can put all the clay back together and start again but with a child, what is done is done. 18 it’s even more caution with care.
Building a child’s esteem is no small play; it makes your black hair 19 , steals away years of your life and still will not look done. Therefore you have to learn how to build self-esteem and 20 your child from the beginning. After all, parenting begins from babyhood.
Small case could leave large 21 on your child’s mind. Reason why you should not overlook something that went wrong. If another child 22 your kid, everyone laughed and you told your son to 23 it, that’s the first wrong step. You have to teach your child to 24 up for himself. Don’t let your child fall down inside. Tell him to ask the child why he is hitting him or 25 to the nearest adult he can reach.
Most of all before you speak to a child you have to be a 26 example. If you go around laughing at people, your kids will do the 27 . If you are a coward（懦夫）yourself and do not stand up to situations, do not 28 your child not to follow you. Children are like monkeys—they copy every 29 , from how you eat to how you handle situations.
Building self-esteem begins at home. Small self-confident acts make a(n) 30 impact on your child.
1. A．heads B．hands C．tools D．knives
2. A．test B．grade C．class D．chance
3. A．Thus B．But C．Or D．Although
4. A．lost B．gray C．weak D．curl
5. A．interest B．direct C．order D．encourage
6. A．impact B．lesson C．mark D．space
7. A．laughed B．pushed C．pulled D．drew
8. A．make B．leave C．forget D．move
9. A．stand B．turn C．take D．set
10. A．announce B．manage C．leave D．complain
11. A．caring B．living C．touching D．breathing
12. A．different B．meaningful C．same D．useless
13. A．expect B．hope C．allow D．persuade
14. A．homework B．step C．picture D．action
15. A．negative B．objective C．positive D．subjective
