Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
孩子长大成人后就不应该依靠父母了。（independent）
他的沉默暗示出他不喜欢你总是抱怨工作。(imply)
过去的十年里，我们国家的科技有了很大的发展。(decade)
老师独特的演讲方式已经引起了我们的兴趣。(arouse)
缺乏信心一直以来是他失败的关键，现在他终于下定决心改变自己。（determined）
They leap from helicopters or speeding boats, bringing aid to swimmers who get into trouble off Italy’s popular beaches.
Hundreds of specially trained dogs from Italy’s corps of canine(犬类的) lifeguards set out each summer to help swimmers in need of rescue.
These "life dogs" wear a harness that victims can grab to be dragged back to shore, and unlike human lifeguards, they can easily jump from helicopters and speeding boats to reach swimmers in trouble.
With millions flocking to Italy’s crowded beaches each summer, the Italian Coast Guard says it rescues about 3,000 people every year —and their canine helpers have saved several lives.
It takes three years for the canines to reach expert rescue status, and currently 300 dogs are fully trained for duty, said Roberto Gasbarri, who directs the Italian School of Canine Lifeguards program.
"Dogs are of good physical strength. They can increase the speed at which victims are rescued," Gasbarri said.
"The dog becomes a sort of intelligent lifebuoy(救生圈). It is a buoy that goes by itself to a person in need of help, and comes back to the shore also by himself, choosing the best landing point and swimming through the safest currents," he said.
The school will train any breed, as long as they weigh at least 30 kilograms, but New found lands and golden retrievers are most commonly used because they are good at swimming. Each dog works together with a human lifeguard, who also acts as the animal’s trainer.
"Being retrievers, they set out to pick up anything we tell them, be it a human being, an object, or a fish, and they bring it back to the shore," said lifeguard Monia Luciani. "They do not associate it with a physical activity, but it is rather a game for them."
1.The dogs wear a harness so that __________.
2.The dogs are helpful to _________.
3.Why does the school usually choose to train the New found lands and golden retrievers?
___________________________________.
4.How do the dogs regard the pickup training?
____________________________________.
Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
A. Making yourself knowledgeable first.
B. Adapting yourself to the foreign country.
C. Making the lessons fun and interesting.
D. Catching the attention of the beginners.
E. That teaching English to beginners is challenging.
F. Making sure of the requirements of teaching abroad.
1.______Teaching English to adult learners is a challenging thing. But learning how to teach English to be-ginners could be much more challenging especially if you’re teaching abroad. There are special considerations that you’ll have to keep in mind, and a little more patience to spare.
2._______When you teach any foreign language to young learners, it means that you are not only going to have to teach the subject as you would in a typical classroom. Because of the age of the learners, you will have to constantly keep them interested. Children have short attention span, so you have to give extra effort to keep their attention to the subject.
3.________As much as it is important to teach the language to your learners, it is also important that you know they are willing to learn and that they enjoy your classes. If you make your classes fun and full of activities and other games that promote learning and communication, the actual teaching part will be a piece of cake. Your students will always look forward to the next lesson, and they’ll look at learning English as a fun experience.
4.________If you teach English abroad, the number of things to consider is increased. For one thing, you will have to use the teaching methods that are accepted by a foreign audience. You will have to learn the culture of the country. Naturally, you will also have to adjust to the life of living abroad.
5.________Of course, if you would like to teach English abroad, there might be additional tests and certificates that will be required of you. You may be required to take TOEFL and take up ESL. To be sure of all the requirements, make sure that you discuss all of these during the application process early on.
It seems hard to watch someone yawn and not to yawn ourselves. Even reading about yawning can make you do it. Now, a new study has found why yawning has such a powerful force.
Yawning when others yawn, the study suggests, is a sign of pity and a form of social connection. Kids don’t develop this deeply rooted behavior until around age four, the study found. Kids with autism (自闭症) are less likely to catch yawns. In the most serious cases, they never do. Yawning might help doctors to see whether the children are developing rightly. The work could also lead to a better understanding of the ways that people communicate and connect.
"Emotional infection seems to be a born thing that connects us together," said Molly Helt, a graduate student in psychology at the University of Connecticut. "Yawning may be part of that." Inspiration for her study came when she tried to get her own autistic son to clear his ears on an airplane. She repeatedly yawned at him, hoping he would yawn back. He never did.
"The fact that autistic kids don’t do it might mean they’re really missing out on that emotional connection with people around them," she said. "The biggest thing people try to figure out after birth is how we become humans and understand that humans have minds that are different from others’," she added. "Autistic people never seem to understand that."
Like infectious laughter and crying, scientists have found that yawning is a shared experience that promotes social connection. Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group.
1.What does the new study suggest, according to the first two paragraphs?
A．It is easy to stop yawning when you see others yawn.
B．Yawning has some mysterious force which is related to God.
C．Children follow others in yawning just after they are born.
D．Yawning is a form of communication.
2.According to Molly Helt, _________________.
A．emotions are infectious, but yawning is not
B．yawning helps clear ears on planes
C．humans differ from animals because they communicate with others
D．yawning is a kind of emotional connection among humans
3.Which of the following is NOT true about yawning?
A．It is natural to yawn back if people around you yawn.
B．Some kids are too young to yawn after others.
C．Yawning can be used to test children’s development.
D．Kids with autism yawn easily when others yawn.
4.The author implies in the last paragraph that ________.
A．it is bad manners to yawn on some social occasions
B．yawning can make people feel relaxed
C．yawning is different from infectious laughter and crying in theory
D．the more you yawn, the happier you will be
How difficult change is depends a lot on your attitude towards it and your resistance to it. Your attitude to change can make the whole transformation process much easier.
Imagine change as a pair of shoes and this will help you understand change and how it works. I am sure that you have ever had a comfortable pair of shoes in your life. A pair of shoes is so comfortable that you really don’t want to get rid of them.
You know you need a new pair, and may even have them, but you don’t want to wear them because you are comfortable with your current pair. Besides, the new pair may hurt your feet, give you blisters(水疱) or be awkward to wear to start with. So, you resist the new shoes. However, you know that this new pair would be much better for your feet, and after the initial discomfort they would probably be even more comfortable, yet you still resist.
Do you know I’m doing this now? I’m wearing my comfortable shoes and they feel good. They have a hole in each heel, and the sole is starting to fall off, but I’m persisting in wearing them.
This describes change exactly; change of our habits, change of our thought patterns. We stick with the old patterns because they are comfortable. Yet once we get over the initial pain of the transformation, the new pattern will be comfortable and feel good until the time comes when we need another new pair of shoes.
1.Why do people prefer old shoes to new ones?
A．They have much emotion in the old ones.
B．They are more comfortable.
C．New shoes always harm the feet.
D．They look better than the new ones.
2. According to the passage, we know that people ______.
A．don’t realize the benefit of the new shoes very well
B．are positive and open-minded to accept new things
C．actually know the change will finally be good for them
D．don’t accept new patterns because they are not good
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Once we form a habit, it’s difficult to change it.
B．Most people pay more attention to the future life.
C．One’s attitude towards something is usually traditional.
D．The more often we change, the better our life will be.
It was the first day of second grade, and Sarah had been looking forward to this moment. The night before, she laid out her favorite clothes: a white coat and a bright yellow shirt.
When having breakfast, Sarah dropped some food on her shirt, so she had to change into her second-best clothes, blue jeans and a Jonas Brothers T-shirt.
After breakfast Sarah rushed to catch the school bus and when she was just reaching the door the bus driver opened it. The door hit right in Sarah’s face and blood dripped from her nose. The driver wanted to send her home, but she refused, "It is the most important day of the year! I can’t miss it!"
Before classes, Sarah went to her favorite swing. When rising high, she saw her best friend little Jack. She let go of the swing and waved to him with one hand. Unfortunately, she flew out of the swing and landed hard on the sand, breaking a leg and an arm. As she lay in the sand, she noticed a shiny thing on the ground beside her. With her good hand she took it.
When Sarah’ mother rushed into the ward she was surprised by what she saw: her girl was lying in bed with an arm and a leg in the splint (夹板), a broken nose, and blood stains on her second-best clothes. Expecting to see her child crying, she was confused when she saw a big, bright smile on Sarah’s face.
"Sarah, look at you!" her mother cried. "You were hurt so badly and why are you smiling?"
"Look, Mommy, I found a diamond!" Sarah laughed.
Life can be like that. It can be tough, even painful sometimes. But there are always treasures that make the pain worth suffering.
1.When Sarah went to school, she was wearing ________________.
A．a white coat and a Jonas Brothers T-shirt
B．blue jeans and a yellow shirt
C．a white coat and a yellow shirt
D．blue jeans and a Jonas Brothers T-shirt
2.Sarah fell off the swing because _____________.
A．she seldom played swing
B．she rose too high
C．she waved one hand to her friend
D．she was pulled down by her friend
3. When Sarah’s mother saw her in the ward she felt _______________.
A．upset B．puzzled C．relaxed D．disappointed
4.Which of the following can be used to describe Sarah’s story?
A．Every cloud has a silver lining.
B．Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.
C．First think, then act.
D．No pains, no gains.
