Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.
Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” (良好）quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.
The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.
1.The text mainly discusses the relationship between .
A．heart problems and air quality
B．heart problems and exercising
C．heart problems and smoking
D．heart problems and fatty food
2.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means.
A．relatively high B．extremely low
C．relatively low D．extremely high
3. What can we learn from the text?
A．Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.
B．The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.
C．Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,
D．Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.
When he wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain turned to Hannibal. The relationship between Hannibal and Twain began in November 1839, when Twain’s father decided to leave the village in Florida and move east about 35 miles to the somewhat larger and more prosperous Hannibal, on the banks of the Mississippi River. Twain marked his fourth birthday about a week after the family settled there. He showed little promise of becoming a long-term resident. However, because his health was so poor that his parents probably feared he would not survive childhood.
During the family’s first few years in Hannibal, Twain was too young to understand fully the changes going on around him. About the time the family moved into their new home. Twain’s health improved a lot. Instead of having to lead a quiet indoor life, he could roam the streets of Hannibal. Climb the surrounding hills, explore the area’s caves and splash about in local swimming holes. He reveled in his newfound freedom, spending nearly all his free time playing outdoors with the other boys in town and soon becoming a leader.
Twain’s carefree days did not last long, on March 24, 1847, his father died. For the next six years, his brother Henry, and his sister Pamela lived with their mother in the family home. Twain began taking odd jobs after school to bring in extra money. Within a year of his father’s death, he quit school and became an apprentice (学徒) printer, and when his brother Orion bought the Hannibal Journal in 1851, Twain went to work for him as a printer and editorial assistant. The stories he wrote for Orion’s paper, his first publications, taught him that he much preferred writing to typesetting. Thus, when he decided to leave Hannibal in May 1853, he already had an idea of his future career.
1. Why did little Mark Twain move and live in Hannibal?
A．Because he wanted to live in a larger and more prosperous city.
B．Because his father brought him there.
C．Because he wanted to wrote his novels there.
D．Because he wanted to become a long-term resident of Hannibal.
2. When did Mark Twain become healthy?
A．As soon as he arrived in Hannibal.
B．At the time when his family moved into their old home.
C．After his father died.
D．At the time when his family moved into their new home.
3. The last paragraph mainly tells us _________.
A．the happy childhood of Mark Twain
B．how Mark Twain became a famous writer
C．how Mark Twain to earn money to support his family
D．why Mark decided to leave Hannibal
The most important holiday in spring, especially for Christians, is Easter. This Christian holiday is not on the same date every year，but it’s always on a Sunday. It can be any Sunday between March 22 and April 25. Many people celebrate Easter by buying new clothes. Children celebrate by hunting for colored eggs that their parents have hidden around the house. People also give Easter baskets filled with candy and other goodies to one another to celebrate the day.
But the holiday is more than new clothes and good things to eat. On Easter, many people go to church to celebrate Jesus’ resurrection（复活）from the dead. Most people color Easter eggs. Some people hide them. Others just eat them. But no matter what one does with Easter eggs，they are an important Easter tradition throughout the Western world. People from many different cultures celebrate Easter. In both America and Belgium, children look for Easter eggs hidden on lawns and in bushes. In America, children believe the eggs are hidden by the Easter bunny (兔子).But in Belgium, the hidden eggs are supposed to have fallen from church bells. In Bulgaria (保加利亚), red Easter eggs are lucky in churches. Bulgarian families also hit these Easter eggs together to see whose is the strongest. The winner looks forward to good fortune that year. Still dozens of other Easter traditions exist. In parts of Austria，for example，children sing from door to door and are rewarded with colorful eggs.
1.Easter comes _______.
A．on the same date every year
B．on Sunday on March 22
C．on Sunday on April 25
D．on a Sunday between March 22 and April 25
2.To celebrate Easter, people ___________.
A．go shopping, hide colored eggs and children hunt for them
B．give Easter baskets filled candy and goodies to one another
C．buy new clothes, hide colored eggs and children look for them around the house
D．both B and C
3.For Christians the more important thing to do on Easter is________.
A．going to church to celebrate Jesus’ resurrection
B．buying new clothes
C．eating delicious food and paint color eggs
D．exchange beautiful gifts each other
4.People from different cultures have different ideas about Easter egg _________.
A．In both American and Belgium, children hunt for Easter eggs hidden in rooms and in bushes
B．In Belgium, the hidden eggs are thought to have fallen from doorbells
C．In American, children believe the eggs are hidden by the Easter bunny
D．In America, the hidden eggs are supposed to have fallen from doorbells
5.In some places of Austria, children sing from door to door for_______.
A．blesses B．Easter eggs
C．candy and goodies D．Easter bunny
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities（设备） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum. Her services were recognized in the form of a Military’s Medal by the French government.
In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（辐射能）. Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia （白血病）on March 17, 1956.
1.Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?
A．Because she received a degree in mathematics.
B．Because she contributed to saving the wounded.
C．Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
D．Because she worked as a helper to her mother.
2.Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederio joliot?
A．At the Curie Institute.
B．At the University of Paris.
C．At a military hospital.
D．At the College of Sevigne.
3.When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?
A．In 1932. B．In 1927. C．In 1897. D．In 1926.
4. In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?
A．Irene worked with radioactivity.
B．Irene combined family and career.
C．Irene won the Nobel Prize once
D．Irene died from leukemia.
完形填空（共20小题：每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty （贫困）,and only the rich could manage without great _26_. Three of those rich men and their servants were_27_together on a road when they came to a very_28_village.
The first could not stand seeing the poverty, _29 he took all the gold and jewels from his wagons (四轮载重马车) and shared _30 out among the villagers. He wished them all the best of luck, and he left.
The second rich man ,seeing the _31 situation, stopped for a short time and gave _32 all his food and drink, since he _33 see that money would be of little _34 to them. He made sure that they each _35 their fair share and would have enough food to _36 for some time. Then, he left.
The third rich man, on seeing such poverty, _37 and went straight through the _38 without stopping. The two other rich men saw this from a distance and commented（评论） with each other_39 the third rich man lacked sympathy（同情）. It was _40 that they themselves had been there to offer help.
However, three days later, they 41 the third rich man, who was coming in the opposite direction. He was 42 travelling quickly, but his wagons, 43 the gold and valuables they had been 44 ,were now full of farming tools and bags of 45 .He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
1. A．loss B．expectations C．success D．problems
2. A．standing B．travelling C．gathering D．running
3. A．faraway B．poor C．different D．ancient
4. A．unless B．because C．so D．if
5. A．them B．anything C．nothing D．those
6. A．curious B．worrying C．dangerous D．puzzling
7. A．the villagers B．his servants C．the others D．the rest
8. A．could B．might C．should D．must
9. A．interest B．concern C．use D．attraction
10. A．returned B．gained C．offered D．received
11. A．remain B．last C．supply D．share
12. A．turned back B．set out C．showed off D．speeded up
13. A．village B．land C．field D．road
14. A．whether B．how C．where D．when
15. A．good B．certain C．true D．strange
16. A．welcomed B．met C．accepted D．persuaded
17. A．still B．already C．always D．indeed
18. A．except B．instead of C．apart from D．along with
19. A．loading B．treasuring C．carrying D．earning
20. A．food B．jewels C．money D．seeds
Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic_______.
A．had changed B．will change
C．was changed D．has been changed
