Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei Mountain in Sichuan.Like everyone knows, it's famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.The weather was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys,visiting temples and told stories. On the way up I was busy take pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly．Evening came. We spent the night in a hotel at the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was good. I was so tiring that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow．
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The World Bank，the United Nations and the London School Of Hygiene and Tropica1 Medicine did a study to urge hand-washing around the world. They found that one million lives could be saved each year if people washed their hands with soap often. They said that programs to increase hand-washing with soap could be among the most effective ways to reduce infectious disease．
Doctors say，many diseases can be prevented from spreading by hand-washing. These include pinworms(寄生虫)，influenza(流行性感冒)，the common cold，hepatitis(肝炎)A，meningitis(脑膜炎)and infectious diarrhea(腹泻).
Hand-washing destroys germs from other people，animals or objects a person has touched. When people get bacteria on their hands，they can infect themselves by touching their eyes，nose or mouth．Then these people can infect other people．
The experts say the easiest way to catch a cold is to touch your nose or eyes after someone nearby has sneezed or coughed．Another way to become sick is to eat food prepared by someone whose hands were not clean.
The experts say that hand-washing is especially important before and after preparing food，before eating and after using the toilet．People should wash their hands after handling animals or animal waste，and after cleaning a baby．The experts say it is also a good idea to wash your hands after handling money and after sneezing or coughing．And it is important to wash your hands often when someone in your home is sick．The experts say the most effective way to wash your hands is to rub them together while using soap and warm water．They say you do not have to use special antibacterial soap．Be sure to rub all areas of the hands for about ten to fifteen seconds．The rubbing action helps remove germs. Then rinse(冲洗)the hands with water and dry them．
Title: 1._________
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Theme |
Hand-washing could be among the most effective ways to reduce infectious diseases.
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Many 2._______ can be prevented |
Pinworms, influenza, the common cold, hepatitis A, meningitis and infectious diarrhea. |
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3._____to do hand- washing |
1. Before and after preparing 4.________； 2. Before eating and after using the 5.________； 3. After handling animals or animal waste; 4. After cleaning a baby; 5. After handling money and after sneezing or 6._____; 6. When someone in your home is sick. |
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7.____ to do hand-washing |
Rubbing them together while using 8.______ and warm water, rubbing all areas of the hands for about l0～15 9.______ and rinsing the hands with water and dry them. |
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How hand-washing works |
Hand-washing destroys 10.______ from other people, animals or objects a person has touched. |
I was brought up in the British, stiff upper lip style. Strong feelings aren’t something you display in public. So, you can imagine that I was unprepared for the outpouring of public grief(悲伤) at a Chinese funeral.
My editorial team leader died recently after a short illness. He was 31. The news was so unexpected that it left us all shocked and upset. A female colleague burst into tears and cried piteously at her desk. Somehow we got through the day's work. The next day was the funeral.
Our big boss stepped forward to deliver a eulogy and was soon in tears. She carried on, in Chinese of course, but at the end said in English: "There will be no more deadlines for you in heaven." Next came a long-term colleague who also dissolved in tears but carried on with her speech despite being almost overcome by emotion. Then a close friend of the dead man paid tribute(哀悼), weeping openly as he spoke. Sorrow is spreading. Me and women were now sobbing uncontrollably. Finally, the man's mother, supported between two women, addressed her son in his coffin. At one point, the mother almost collapsed and had to be held up. We were invited to step forward to each lay a white rose on the casket. Our dead colleague looked as if he was taking a nap. At the end of the service I walked away from the funeral parlor stunned at the outpouring of emotion.
In the UK, families grieve privately and then try to hold it together and not break down at a funeral. Here in China it would seem that grieving is a public affair. It strikes me that it is more cathartic to cry your eyes out than try to keep it bottled up for fear of embarrassment, which is what many of us do in the West.
Afterwards, a Chinese colleague told me that the lamenting at the funeral had been restrained(克制) by Chinese standards. In some rural areas, she said, people used to be paid to mourn noisily. This struck me like something out of novel by Charles Dickens. But we have all seen on TV scenes of grief-stricken people in Gaza and the West Bank, in Afghanistan, Iraq and the relatives of victims of terrorist bombings around the world. Chinese grief is no different. I realized that it's the reserved British way of mourning that is out of step with the rest of the world.
It was our newspaper's production day. We were bussed back to the office to resume work. No more deadlines for our former colleague, but we had to pull together to put the newspaper to print. The boss invited the team to go out for dinner after work. We relaxed, smiled, joked. There was no mention of the funeral or our poor colleague. Enough sorrow had been shed already. We needed a break.
1.The underlined words “stiff upper lip style” mean “ ”.
A．cold-blooded B．warm-hearted
C．self-controlled D．light-hearted
2.At the funeral, .
A．five individuals made speeches
B．the boss’s speech was best thought of
C．everyone was crying out loudly
D．the writer was astonished by the scene
3.According to the writer, people in the West .
A．are not willing to be sad for the dead
B．prefer to control their sadness in public
C．cry their eyes out at the public funeral
D．have better way to express sadness
4.It is implied that .
A．the English might cry noisily for the dead in Dickens’ time
B．Chinese express their sadness quite unlike other peoples
C．victims of terrorist bombings should be greatly honored
D．English funeral culture is more civilized than the others
5.This passage talks mainly about .
A．an editor’s death B．bad funeral customs
C．western ways of grief D．cultural differences
Fourteen – year – old Richie Hawley had spent five years studying violin at the Community School of Performing Arts in Los Angeles when he took part in a violin contest. Ninety two young people were invited to the contest and Hawley came out first．
The contest could have been the perfect setup for fear, worrying about mistakes, and trying to impress the judges．But Hawley says he did pretty well in staying calm. “I couldn’t be thinking about how many mistakes I’d make—it would distract me from playing,” he says．“I didn’t even remember trying to impress people while I played． It’s almost as if they weren’t there． I just wanted to make music．”
Hawley is a winner． But he didn’t become a winner by concentrating on winning． He did it by concentrating on playing well．
“The important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part,” said the founder of the modern Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin．“The important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle．The essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well．”
A characteristic of high performers is their intense, pleasurable concentration on work, rather than on their competitors or future glory or money, says Dr．Charles Garfield, who has studied 1,500 achievers in business, science, sports, the arts, and professions．“They are interested in winning, but they’re most interested in self-development, testing their limits．”
One of the most surprising things about top performers is how many losses they’ve had and how much they’ve learned from each． “Not one of the 1,500 I studied defined losing as failing,” Garfield says．“They kept calling their losses ‘setbacks’．”
A healthy attitude toward setbacks is essential to winning, experts agree．
“The worst thing you can do if you’ve had a setback is to let yourself get stuck in a prolonged depression． You should analyze carefully what went wrong, identify specific things you did right and give yourself credit for them．” Garfield believes that most people don’t give themselves enough praise． He even suggests keeping a diary of all the positive things you’ve done on the way to a goal．
1.Hawley won the contest because _______．
A．he put all his mind to his performance
B．he cared much about the judges’ feelings
C．he tried his best to avoid making mistakes
D．he paid close attention to the people around
2.High performers is that they tend to give priority to _______．
A．glory B. wealth C. pleasure D. work
3.According to the passage, successful people concentrate on _______．
A．challenging their own limits B．learning from others
C．defeating their opponents D．avoiding setbacks
4. It can be learned from the passage that top performers are not _______．
A．interested in winning B．free of losses
C．accustomed to failures D．concerned about setbacks
5.The passage tells us that “praise” in times of trouble _______．
A．helps people deal with their disappointment
B．makes people forget their setbacks
C．makes people regret about their past
D．helps people realize their goals
Which is safer --- staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working at the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low．However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home．
The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby．It is this that makes chemical accidents so newsworthy．Fortunately, they are extremely rare．The most famous ones happened at Texas City （1947）, Flixborough （1974）, Seveso （1976）, Pemex （1984） and Bhopal （1984）．
Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small．No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough．The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed．The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552．The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal．
Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger．Thus the Texas City was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate, which is safe unless stored in a great quantity．The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs．The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep．When the poisonous gas drifted over the town , local leaders were incapable of taking effective action．The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb．The fire set off a chain reaction of exploding storage tanks．Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode．Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died．
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Working at the office is safer than staying at home．
B．Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office．
C．Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry．
D．Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air．
2.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because .
A．they are very rare
B．they often cause loss of life
C．they always occur in big cities
D．they arouse the interest of all the readers
3.According to the passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened in_________．
A．Texas city B．Flixborough
C．Seveso D．Mexico City
4.From the passage we know that “ammonium nitrate” is a kind of _____．
A．natural gas, which can easily catch fire
B．fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity
C．poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas
D．fuel, which is stored in large tanks
5.From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _____．
A．to avoid any accident we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry
B．the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry
C．all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measures had been taken
D．natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe
Many cities have subways and underground public transportation to take locals and tourists alike rapidly around the city．However, there’s something different about riding a London subway．It may not look different, but the historical value of one of England’s most popular forms of transportation is enough to make riding the subway a must when visiting London．With a little under 300 different stations, the subway can take you almost anywhere you need to go．
Riding a London subway, a person from other countries will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other．In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times．That’s not rudeness ―people are just too busy to bother looking．
Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they’re certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet thinking．Nor are they reading a book．New technology has replaced quiet habits．Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book．
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（使用月票上下班者）．Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000―yes, that’s 40,000 “apps” have been designed．
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-fillers．One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks．Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination．iSteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone．You can then write in the “steam” on your phone screen．
For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction（消遣）of choice．It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music－iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages．
And if games, e-books and music aren’t enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV shows or films on the way to work．With all these distractions, it’s amazing that people still remember to get off the train．
1.Those who want to save time to reach where they go can download ______ to their iPhones．
A．iShoot B．Tube Exits C. iSteam D．iPod
2.People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because ______
A.they are going to work and have no time to communicate with each other
B.they love reading books and do not want to be disturbed
C.they feel sleepy because of getting up early
D.they are busy playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films
3.The underlined word “apps” in the fourth paragraph means ______．
A．computers B．programs downloaded for the iPhone
C．computer companies D．fortune from London commuters
4.Which word best describes the writer’s attitude towards commuters’ behaviors?
A．for B．against C．neutral D．hateful
5.The main idea of the passage is that ______．
A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers
B．Apple has earned a lot of money from selling 40,000 apps
C．technology is changing how London commuters spend their traveling time
D．riding a London subway is a must when visiting London
