Although there are no state controlled survival courses in Britain or the United States, there are various independent organizations offering similar activities.
Students can participate ( take part ) in outdoor training courses through university clubs and societies . Anyone can register ( 登记 ) with such groups , which then organize courses ,training and trips for all members .
One of the most popular outdoor training programmes in both the US and Britain , is Outward Bound ( 户外训练 ) . It was founded in 1941 in Wales and attracts hundreds of thousands of adventurous types every year .
The courses are to broaden minds through experiences that build confidence , self-esteem ( 自尊 ) and character . As well as specialist courses such as canoeing , leadership skills and sailing , participants can take part in week long adventure training camps which include a host of sports and survival training education skills .
Michael Williams , an American student , took part in an Outward Bound course last year . He said : “We learned lots of first aid skills , lots of natural history , lots of environmental facts , and participated in a wildlife preservation ( protecting ) programme . Beyond that , my favorite skills learned were sailing and rock climbing .”
Courses can last up to 40 days and are open to anyone over the age of 14 . Students must be in general good health , but do not need to be experienced in outdoor-sports . There is no selection process ; everyone is welcome , although new participants are advised to pick a course matching their physical power .
Most of the British courses take place in the Beacons in Wales . Another similar organization is the UK Survival School , which includes courses on learning to live with the environment , sailing and winter survival . On a basic survival weekend students will learn how to get water and food , how to make fire and cook with it , to find and build a shelter , control survival life support , how to cross rivers , send off an SOS signal , and to use compasses by day and night .
According to the leaders , such adventures are “an awakening , an exploration into unknown.” Outward Bound believes that participants will “use mind and body traveling some of the earth’s roughest wildness areas .”
1.The advantage of the training courses is that _________________ .
A. participants can make friends with others
B. participants can visit some places of interest
C. participants can experience different adventures
D. participants can learn how wonderful nature is
2. In the Outward Bound course last year , the most exciting experience Michael Williams had was _____________________.
A. learning first aid skills B. collecting facts of environment
C. preserving wildlife D. rock climbing and sailing
3.What’s the writer’s purpose to write this passage ?
A. To introduce the training course to readers
B. To persuade readers to take part in the training courses.
C. To tell readers the danger of this training course
D. To introduce the wonders of the world to readers
How to Become Cleverer
Once a boy came to ask a fisherman how to become cleverer, because his mother always called him “foolish boy”.
“That’s easy,” answered the fisherman. “I know one way to make you become cleverer.”
“Really?”
“Of course. It is said a fish head is good for brain. If you eat one, you’ll become cleverer indeed. Pay only three pounds for one fish head.” The boy paid him three pounds and the fisherman cut off a fish head and handed it to him.
A raw fish head is not good—not even for a hungry boy to eat but the boy ate it up in two gulps.
“Do you feel anything?” asked the fisherman.
“Not in my head,” said the boy.
The boy lay on the ground and thought. “One whole fish costs only two pounds. I had paid him three pounds for the fish head. Why couldn’t I have the whole fish for soup, a head for brain and one pound left over?” He jumped up and shouted at the fisherman. “You thief! You are fooling me!” The fisherman laughed, saying, “The fish head works now, you see.”
1.The boy ate up the raw fish head only in two gulps, because he __________.
A. enjoy it
B. wanted to taste it
C. took it as a good medicine
D. was a foolish boy
2.The boy came to the fisherman in order to __________.
A. buy a fish head
B. ask the fisherman a question
C. become cleverer
D. A and C
3.“Not in my head” means “__________”.
A. The fish head was not in the boy’s head
B. The boy felt nothing came into his head
C. It’s difficult to give an answer right away
D. The boy didn’t feel that he was cleverer
4.The boy paid three pounds. He should have had __________.
A. a whole fish
B. a fish head and one pound back
C. a whole fish and one pound back
D. a whole fish, a fish head and one pound back
5.__________ helped the boy become cleverer.
A. A good meal B. The raw fish head
C. Nothing D. What had happened
Surfing: It’s Not Just for Boys Any More
If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I am one of the few girls who would 21 : surfing(冲浪运动). But isn’t that a boy thing? Some people 22 . Most certainly not.
I started surfing about five years ago and 23 in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding the first 24 was the best feeling I had ever experienced.
When I try to 25 surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my 2—___26 , there’s nothing like it. It involves(牵涉到) body and 27 . There’s sand between my toes and cool, salt 28 all around us. The feeling I get when I’m surfing 29 that water, becoming one with the 30 , is like I’m weightless.
The one thing I can 31 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean 32 an too many kinds of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some surfers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的) and 33 . All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 34 from any other sport.
I’ve 35 to tell every girl I know to do something that people don’t think girls can do. It’s part of being human to advance to new 36 , so shouldn’t it be expected that girls should step up and start 37 __the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰)?
There’re women 38 side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys 39 the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to 40 , and they will.
1.A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize
2.A.wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe
3.A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell
4.A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat
5.A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie
6.A. work B. study C. holiday D. life
7.A. mind B. effort C. health D. time
8.A. beach B. ocean C. water D. coast
9.A. through B. across C. over D. above
10.A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean
11.A. take B. get C. make D. keep
12.A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects
13.A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm
14.A. known B. right C. far D. different
15.A. chosen B. tried C. managed D. promised
16.A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts
17.A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting
18.A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working
19.A. of B. from C. on D. with
20.A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel
Which sentence is wrong?
A. The professor lives in the room whose windows face south.
B. Don’t enter the house its roof has been destroyed in the hurricane.(飓风)
C．We prefer the students who like challenging themselves.
D. I still remember the name of the village we visited last year.
I found the homework was not so heavy as ________ I ________ to get in my old school.
A. that; was used B. what; used C. which; used D. that; used
The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at
C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
