Question

In an ideal world, people would not test medicines on animals. Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time–consuming for people. Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge. That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.

Europe, on the whole, has the world’s most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research. Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading. The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher. Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.

Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs. Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended. In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use. At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments. If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time, money, and animals’ lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.

Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives. It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer. Europe’s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.

1.What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The success of animal experiments should be ensured.

B. A ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.

C. Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.

D. Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.

2.Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?

A. America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.

B. Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.

C. Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.

D. Japan has less comprehensive data on the number of lab animals used each year.

3.Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?

A. Statistical studies.         

B. Computer models.

C. DNA planted in animals.   

D. Tissue from dead animals.

4.What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?

A. They are not revealed to the public.

B. They are made into teaching materials.

C. They are collected for future publication.

D. They are not removed from the research topic list.

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.B

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：文章是关于科学实验的文章。在一个理想的世界里，人们将不会用动物来做实验。目前的现状是，每年都有5000万到一亿的动物用于研究。应该采取措施，减少实验所用动物的数量，提高实验的科学方法，以减少浪费。

1.根据“Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended. In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.”可知，极力推荐使用人体组织或计算机模型来代替动物做实验，共享实验结果可以减少科研用动物的数量。文章主要讲的是，实验用掉大量的动物，应该采取措施，来减少实验动物的用量。故选C。

2.根据“its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats”排除B；根据“Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading...., the true figure is much higher”可知，A项错误；”Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.”中国和日本的实验用动物的数量都比美国少，美国又比英国少，因此，C项错误；故选D。

3.根据“Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended.”可知，人体组织和教师节模型被推荐替代动物。故选B。

4.根据倒数第二段的“If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time, money, and animals’ lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.”可知， 失败的动物实验不会被公开，失败的实验浪费了时间、金钱和动物的生命。故选A。

考点：自然科学类短文阅读