Question

As rain begins to fall from the clouds, it is very pure. However, as it falls through the air it dissolves some of the gases in the air ,It also collects bits of dust and microbes(微生物)that are floating in the air, When the rain reaches the ground it begins to pick up more dust and dirt, Many kinds of mineral substances dissolve in the water ,Sand and nud cannot dissolve in water.

Since water is so important to us, it is very important that the water we use should be clean , Otherwise, we might get some of the diseases that are carried by water Many microbes are harmful ,They are so small that we cannot see them ,These microbes must be removed or killed before the water is not clean, people who drink this water may get these diseases, Thus , to provide people with clean water, the government purifies the water.

Purification is a long process and consists of three stages: storing ,purifying and distributing ,The first stage is storing , Man-made lakes called reservoirs are used for this purpose ,Water from the rains ,other lakes, streams and rivers is collected in the reservoirs ,This water is usually dirty and muddy.

In the second stage shich is purifying , water from the reservoirs is filtered in a special pond, Stones, sand and other unwanted tiny things are caught in it, After that, tiny microbes are still present in the water ,These microbes are removed by “airing ”the water and by adding a chemical substance called chloring(氯)to the water ,This kills all the microbes in the water ,A fter this the water can be safely used for drinking.

The third stage is the distribution of the purified water to homes ,hospitals, offices ,factories and other places, This is done through a network of pipes of various sizes, These pipes must be make of a suitable material.

1.From Paragraph 1, we can learn that           

A、Rain has contained gases when it forms in the clouds

B、Dust and microbes are dissolved in rain when rain falls on the ground

C、The closer rain is to the ground, the more impure things it contains

D、Sand and mud are things rain collects when it falls through the air

2.According to Paragraph 2 ,the following statements are wrong except that        

A、All the microbes in water are harmful so water must be purified

B、some diseases can spread through drinking water if it is not clean

C、Water is safe to drink if only harmful microbes are removed from it

D、it is the govrnment’s responsibility to make drinking water clean

3.What can we know about man-made lakes?

A、It is used through the whole process of purification

B、Only rain water can be collected and stored in it

C、Water collected can be stored and filtered in it

D、Water from them contains a lot of impure substances

4.What is the function of the chemical substance chlorine?

A、to air the water            B、to catch tiny things

C、to kill microbes             D、to remove harmful gases

5.What is probably this passage?

A、A news report     B、A book review     C、A magazine article       D、A school paper

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文主要讲述了净化水的过程以及在净化的过程中人们采用的多种不同的净化方法。

1.C 推理题。根据文章第一段as it falls through the air it dissolves some of the gases in the air ,It also collects bits of dust and microbes(微生物)that are floating in the air, When the rain reaches the ground it begins to pick up more dust and dirt, Many kinds of mineral substances dissolve in the water ,Sand and nud cannot dissolve in water.可知在下落的过程中，雨水溶解了很多有害的物质在里面，所以雨水越靠近地面，越脏。故C正确。

2.B 细节题。根据文章第二段3,4行,These microbes must be removed or killed before the water is not clean, people who drink this water may get these diseases可知这样的水里含有很多有害的物质，喝了会让我们生病，影响我们的健康。故B正确。

3.D 细节题。根据文章第三段最后2行Man-made lakes called reservoirs are used for this purpose ,Water from the rains ,other lakes, streams and rivers is collected in the reservoirs ,This water is usually dirty and muddy.可知在这样的人工湖里的水是很脏的。故D正确。

4..C 推理题。根据文章倒数第二段,These microbes are removed by “airing ”the water and by adding a chemical substance called chloring(氯)to the water ,This kills all the microbes in the water ,A fter this the water can be safely used for drinking.可知加入氯是为了杀死水里的病菌。故C正确。

5.C 推理题。本文主要讲述的是净化水的过程，属于科普类的文章，最可能出现在科普类短文杂志里。故C正确。

考点：考察科普类短文阅读