Self-confidence is an attitude which allows individuals to have positive yet realistic views of themselves and their situations. Self-confident people trust their own abilities, have a general sense of control in their lives, and believe that，within reason, they will be able to do what they wish., plan., and expect. Having self-confidence does not mean that individuals will be able to do everything. Self-confident people have expectations that are realistic. Even when some of their expectations are not met，they continue to be positive and to accept themselves.
People who are not self-confident depend too much on the approval of others in order to feel good about themselves. They tend to avoid taking risks because they fear failure. They generally do not expect to be successful. They often put themselves down and tend to ignore compliments（赞美）paid to them By contrast，self-confident people are willing to risk the disapproval of others because they generally trust their own abilities. They tend to accept themselves；they don't feel they have to conform in order to be accepted.
Many factors affect the development of self-confidence. Parents' attitudes are crucial to children's feelings about themselves，particularly in children's early years. When parents pro- vide acceptance, children receive a solid foundation for good feelings about themselves. If one or both parents are much to critical or demanding, or if they are overprotective and discourage children's moves toward independence, children may come to believe they are unqualified or inadequate.
Surprisingly, lack of self-confidence is not necessarily related to lack of ability. Instead it is often the result of focusing too much on the unrealistic expectations or standards of others， especially parents and society. Friends' influences can be as powerful or more powerful than those of parents and society in shaping feelings of one's self. Students in their college years reexamine values and develop their own identities and thus are particularly sensitive to the influence of friends.
1.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about____．
A. the sources of self-confidence
B. the benefits of self-confidence
C. the development of self-confidence
D. the lack of self-confidence
2.In Paragraph 2，the underlined word "conform" probably means“_______”．
A. refuse B. separate C. permit D. obey
3.According to the passage, self-confident people tend to____．
A. be practical B. control others
C. avoid risks D. depend on others
4.Which of the following can we learn about self-confidence according to the passage?
A. Self-confidence is usually the symbol of special abilities.
B. Parents' protection prevents children's self-confidence development.
C. Parents and friends matter in building one's self-confidence.
D. College students are the least self-confident group in society.
5.What might the author most probably continue to talk about in the following passage?
A. How we can become more acceptable.
B. Lack of self-confident has many side effects.
C. What self-confident children usually get from parents.
D. What one should avoid in building self-confidence.
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
If you like to break things when you are unhappy, the Nanjing Zhonghua Middle School is the school for you. This term, Nanjing Zhonghua Middle School will build a "stress wall" to help students who feel unhappy because of schoolwork or for other reasons.
Tao Dehua, a leader at the school said the idea of a stress wall started when footprints were found on some newly painted walls and some school windows were broken.
"These things happen because some students feel lots of pressure from their studies or because they don't get along well with other students. When under stress, the body get ready to either run or fight and becomes very nervous. Hitting the wall can help relax the body and take away stress," Tao said.
"Tests and homework make me Sad," said Lu Yan, a junior girl. “I can't wait to hit the wall. It will help me a lot with my problems."
Another girl student who wouldn't give her name said that the wall won't help. “Mainly because it can't talk," she said. "I need to talk to someone when I'm sad."
【写作内容】
1、以约30个词概括这段短文内容；
2、然后以约120个词就“Should the stress wall be built"这个主题发表你的看法，并包括以下要点：
(1) 学生的压力来源；
(2) 是否该建此墙；
(3) 提供一些其他有效的减压方法。
【写作要求】
l、可以参照阅读材料但不得直接引用原文的句子；
2、作文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。
【写作内容】
时间：上周末
对象：在中国农村教书的志愿者卢安克(Eckart Loewe)
主题：他的志愿者之路
基本情况：1968年出生在德国汉堡(Hamburg)；1990年夏天，短短3个月的中国之旅，
让他深深地爱上了广西的乡村。
从教过程: （1）1999年，在广西的一个乡村成为一名志愿者教师；
（2）发现中国家长特别重视成绩却忽视孩子的天性和兴趣。
教育理念：如果一个人只是为了别人的理念而生存，他就永远找不到自我的方向和力量。
【写作要求】
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。以下是演讲会的资料：
A
Are you interested in “Dream of the Red Mansion”(Hong Lou Meng)? Listen to a lecture on this classical novel.
Venue: National Museum of Chinese Modern Literature (Beijing)
Time: 9:30 A.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 84615522 B
“Jiaguwen” is among the oldest pictographic characters in the world．How much do you know about it? Get all the answers at this free lecture.
Venue: Dongcheng District Library (Beijing)
Time: 9:00 a.m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 64013356
C
Former United Nations interpreter Professor Wang Ruojin speaks about her experiences at the UN and shares her understanding of the cultural differences between East and West.
Venue: National Library of China (Beijing)
Time: 1:30 p.m. — 4:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 – 68488047 D
Qi Baishi, one of China’s greatest modern painters, was also a poet, calligrapher(书法家) and seal-cutter(刻印者). Can you appreciate his works? Then come to spend the time with us.
Venue: Beijing Art Academy
Time: 9:00 A．m. – 11:00 A．m.
Price: 10 Yuan
Tel: 010 - 65023390
E
It is the year of the Dog, and you can see “Fu” everywhere. But how much do you know about dogs–man’s best friend? What is “Fu” and where does it come from? Why do people hang “Fu” character upside down on the door? Get all the answers from this free lecture.
Venue: Capital Library (Beijing)
Time: 2:00 p. m.
Price: free
Tel: 010 - 67358114 F
About 160 cultural relics from Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong are on display to April 15th. Meanwhile experts will talk about the important roles these three cities have played in the past two thousand years of Sino–Western exchanges.
Venue: Beijing Art Museum
Time: 2:00 p. m. – 5:00 p. m.
Price: 20 Yuan, students 10 Yuan
Tel: 010 - 83659337
以下是想去听演讲的人员的基本信息，请匹配适合他们的演讲内容。
1.Alice is now studying in Beijing University, and she is especially interested in Chinese writing. In her spare time she enjoys drawing, writing poems and is fond of sharing her pieces with her classmates.
2.Simon comes from Egypt. He is now studying in Beijing Art Academy. He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters. Now he wants to know much about it.
3.Lora and Peter, visiting professors from Australia, are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture. At weekends they like to call on Chinese families to learn about Chinese festivals as well as their history.
4.Edward is a senior student in Beijing Foreign Language University. He likes traveling very much and has made up his mind to work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises (合资企业).
5.Steve and Mark are both studying in the Chinese Department of China’s Renmin University. They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
Millions of people die of hunger in southern Africa every year, but when Zambia was offered thousands of tons of free maize by the US, the government politely said no.
“We don’t know whether the food is safe,” said Zambia’s commerce, Trade and Industry Minister Dipak Patel.
His worries are shared by countries around the world that are in two minds about America’s genetically modified（GM,转基因的）crops．Just last week, EU（欧盟）member nations were discussing whether or not to import GM sweet corn from the US．
Ever since people started farming, they have tried to crossbreed（杂交）plants to make them stronger or better tasting. At one time, only related plants could be crossed with each other．
But when GM techniques were developed in the 1970s, scientists were able to put a single gene from a living creature into an unrelated creature.
This means they can make crops more productive and resistant to disease by adding genes from other species．They can also create food with special characteristics, such as “golden rice”, which is enriched with vitamin A. But many people believe GM foods are a health risk.
At the moment, the official argument is that GM foods “are not likely to present risks for human health”. But there are still many questions to be answered as the foods are produced in different ways.
Some experts believe the genetic material added to plants can transfer to humans and give damage to our bodies. Further harm could be caused by the genes from GM plants crossbreeding with naturally produced crops．
People in China are also getting worried about GM foods. More than 70 percent of the
country’s soybean oil is produced from imported GM soybeans. Meanwhile, an investigation last November found that 12 of 60 famous foods sold across the country were GM products. The government has begun to introduce a marking system for GM goods so that people can choose whether or not to eat them.
1.Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Harmful GM foods B. Advantages of GM foods
C. GM foods, a health risk? D. the Techniques of GM foods
2.Why has Zambia refused the American free maize?
A. they decide to follow EU member’s advice
B. they are concerned about the safety of GM foods
C. they care little about the problem of starvation
D. they are too proud to accept free offer
3.It has been proved that _________.
A. GM foods are harmful to people’s health
B. GM food is no better than naturally produced foods
C. only related plans could be crossed with each other
D. GM techniques can increase the production of crops
4.Which of the following statement is TRUE?
A. GM foods are a health risk.
B. Only Zambia worries about the safety of GM foods .
C. China’s government hasn’t taken any action about GM foods.
D. Some experts believe human bodies can absorb genetic material from GM foods.
5.What’s the author’s attitude towards GM foods?
A. Supportive. B. Neutral. C. Doubtful. D. Critical.
When times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. When we’re hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. We take buses instead of taxis. And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.
One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelor’s degree in three years instead of four. Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. But there’s a question: Would the quality of undergraduate(本科生)education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.
I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum(课程) any time soon. For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits(学分). In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. Professors will resist “diluting(稀释)” the quality of the education they offer.
In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education. A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than it’s not a good idea to water down medicine. If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. We should give them a chance to earn money as interns(实习生)in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at Northeastern University.
1.The first paragraph serves as a(n)________．
A. explanation B. definition C. introduction D. comment
2.We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. most American universities are against the “three-year degree” model
B. many famous US universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” model
C. professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” model
D. the “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient
3.In most US universities，________.
A. college students are offered the co-op program
B. electives’ credits make up one quarter of the required credits
C. all students are required to finish four-year education before graduation
D. some excellent students can graduate ahead of time
4.We can infer that________.
A. the author is a college professor
B. the author thinks the cost of a university education is too high for people to afford
C. the author considers the university education quality very important
D. the author pays special attention to the all-round development of college students
5.Which of the following can be the best title?
A. It’s time to shorten the learning process
B. Best learning takes place over time
C. University education should be watered down
D. College education calls for reform
