增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出改正后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I can’t swim so I have a strong fear of water. Look back at my childhood, I think that three reasons might explain fear. Firstly, I am not allowed to go near the water when I was a child, as my mother had an unreasonable fear of it. Therefore, I was taught to see to the water as something danger. Secondly, my eyes became bad when I was five. If I took off my glass in the water, I couldn’t see something, and this increased my fear. What’s worse, for a child I once saw a neighbor drowned. Since then I have been more frightening.
下面文章中有5处（第61-65题）需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. Enjoy the little things.
B. Get moving.
C. Be a social butterfly.
D. Don't get yourself down by stress.
E. Get your funny bone.
F. Keep a journal.
Secrets of People Who Never Get Sick
How do some friends survive every winter without even catching a cold? Some experts believe that they boost their immunity through simple lifestyle habits. Let’s steal their strategies and stay healthy all winter long.
1.. _________________
It’s long been known that friendship is good for your health. In fact, people with six or more types of relationships in their lives were 25% less likely to get sick than those with three or fewer. It’s possible that people with varies social networks have diverse perceptions of themselves—as a co-worker, friend or community member. That boosts self-esteem and makes it easier to avoid stress. As a result, these people tend to stay healthier. Steal this secret: Be open to meeting new people; go to new events and reestablish old friendship.
2. _________________
Research has found that moderate exercise can improve immune function and build up resistance to colds and infections. On study of 36 overweight women, conducted at Loma Linda University, in California, found that those who walked quickly for 45 minutes 5 days a week reported half the number of days with cold symptoms during a 15-week period as their sedentary(久坐的) counterparts. Steal the secret: Aim for 40 to 45 minutes of moderate exercise, such as brisk walking, cycling, swimming or light running, at least five days a week.
3.. _________________
Numerous studies have found that writing about a difficult or painful event not only accelerates the process of coping with it, but also can improve your physical health. When people write about upsetting or distressing experiences, it helps them judge the events more sensibly, understand them better and move on. Steal the secret: set aside twenty minutes a day for three successive days to write about the things that are most important to you now and how they’re affecting you.
4.. _________________
Even small pleasures—having friends over for dinner, playing with your kids in the backyard or going to a concert—can boost your immune system. In fact, according to research at the State University of New York, positive events have a better effect on immune function than negative events. Steal this secret: Make time for yourself. Start devoting at least half an hour a day to talking to a friend, reading a book or indulging in your favorite activity. Think of it as preventive medicine.
5.. __________________
Experts know that pressure increases the chance of catching the cold. The reason? Your body’s helper—T cells, which are key to defending against viruses, become weakened when you’re worn out. Steal the secret: Do some problem-solving. First, take a hard look at the situation and really consider whether you can do anything to change things. If you conclude that you can’t change that situation, try to change your physical and emotional reactions to it. Engaging in meditation, yoga or deep-breathing exercises and listing to calming music also help relieve stress.
I met him first in 1936. I rushed into his ugly little shop to have the heels of my shoes repaired. I waited when he did it. He greeted me with a cheerful smile. “You’re new in this neighborbood, aren’t you?”
I said I was. I had moved into a house at the end of the street only a week before.
“This is a fine neighborhood,” he said. “You’ll be happy here.” He looked at the leather covering the heel sadly. It was worn through because I had failed to have the repair done a month before. I grew impatient, for I was rushing to meet a friend. “Please hurry,” I begged.
He looked at me over his spectacles. “Now, lady, we won’t be long. I want to do a good job. You see, I have a tradition to live up to.”
A tradition? In this ugly little shop that was no different from so many other shoe repair shops on the side streets of New York?
He must have felt my surprise, for he smiled as he went on. “Yes, lady, I inherited a tradition. My father and my grandfather were shoemakers in Italy, and they were the best. My father always told me, ‘Son, do the best job on every shoe that comes into the shop, and be proud of your fine work. Do that always, and you’ll have both happiness and money enough to live on.’”
As he handed me the finished shoes, he said: “These will last a long time. I’ve used good leather.”
I left in a hurry. But I had a warm and grateful feeling. On my way home I passed the little shop again. There he was, still working. He saw me, and to my surprise he waved and smiled. This was the beginning of our friendship. It was a friendship that came to mean more and more to me as time passed.
Every day I passed his shop, we waved to each other in friendly greeting. At first I went in only when I had repair work to be done. Then I found myself going in every few days just to talk with him.
He was the happiest man I’ve ever known. Often, as he stood in his shopwindow, working at a pair of shoes, he sang in a high, clear Italian voice. The Italians in our neighborhood called him la luce alla finestra—“the light in the window”.
One day I was disappointed and angry because of poor jobs some painters had done for me. I went into his shop for comfort. He let me go on talking angrily about the poor work and carelessness of present-day workmen. “They had no pride in their work,” I said. “They just wanted to collect their money for doing nothing.”
He agreed. “There’s a lot of that kind around, but maybe we should not blame them. Maybe their fathers had no pride in their work. That’s hard on a boy. It keeps him from learning something important.” He waited a minute and said “Every man or woman who hasn’t inherited a prideful tradition must start building one.”
“In this country, our freedom lets each of us make his own contribution. We must make it a good contribution. No matter what sort of work a man does, if he gives it his best each day, he’s starting a tradition for his children to live up to. And he is making lots of happiness for himself.”
I went to Europe for a few months. When I returned, there was no “light in the window”. The door was closed. There was a little sign: “Call for shoes at shop next door.” I learned the old man had suddenly got sick and died two weeks before
I went away with a heavy heart. I would miss him. But he had left me something—an important piece of wisdom I shall always remember: “If you inherited a prideful tradition, you must carry it on; if you haven’t, start building one now.”
1.The shoemaker looked sadly at the shoes because __________
A. they were of poor quality.
B. he didn’t have the right kind of leather
C. he thought they were too worn to be repaired
D. the author hadn’t taken good care of them.
2.The author was surprised when she heard that the shop had a tradition because the shop ________.
A. looked no different from other shoe repair shops
B. had a light in the window
C. was at the end of a street
D. was quite an ugly and dirty one
3.What does the underlined word “inherit” mean in paragraph 6 mean?
A. develop B. receive C. learn D. appreciate
4.The author later frequently went into the little shop __________.
A. to repair her worn shoes
B. only to chat with the shoemaker
C. to look at the new shoes there
D. only to get comfort from the shoemaker
5.Why was the shoemaker called “the light in the window” by his neighbors?
A. Because he always worked late at night.
B. Because he always put a light in the window.
C. Because he was always guiding the others.
D. Because he was always happy and cheerful.
6.What’s the best title of this passage?
A. A Proud Shoemaker B. A Prideful Tradition
C. The Light in the Window D. Treasure Your Shoes
Mom was right! If you say thank you, for even the smallest gift or slightest show of kindness, you’ll feel happy.
Gratitude, says Robert A. Emmons, a professor of psychology at the University of California, is an important element of happiness. In his recent book, Thanks!, Emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove mom’s point.
As one of the leading scholars of the positive psychology movement, he admits gratitude may be difficult to express. He advises you to begin by admitting that life is good and full of events and elements that make daily existence a wonder. Second, recognize that the source of life’s goodness is more than just you. That source may be your mom, a friend, partner, child, colleague at work or play.
Gratitude is always other-directed, notes Emmons. You can be pleased or angry with yourself and feel guilty about doing something wrong, but you can never be grateful to or for yourself.
Expressing gratitude shouldn’t be a reaction; it should be a state of mind. To feel grateful when life is a breeze and you have more than you need is easy. To feel grateful in time of crisis—anger, hatred and bitterness—is easier. Also, too many people are aware of life’s blessings only after these are lost.
It’s crisis and chaos—danger, disease, disability and death—that bring many individuals to realize just how dependent they are on others. Yet it’s the way each of us begins life and ends it. It’s too bad that so many people waste those decades in between laboring under the illusion(幻觉) they are self-sufficient, says Emmons.
The abundance of voices expressing gratitude from his studies of individuals with chronic health problems is many. But Emmons goes beyond his “groundbreaking” science to make his case for gratitude by including the inspirational writings of philosophers, novelists and saints, as well as the beliefs of various religious and their respective scripture(经文). Taken together, these observations are summed up quite nicely by famous humanist Albert Schweitzer, who said the secret of life is “giving thanks for everything”.
To enable and embrace gratitude, Emmons encourages the readers of Thanks! to keep a gratitude diary. He even provides easy-to-follow directions on how to practise and develop gratitude.
I’m not a reader or advocate of self-help books, but I am thankful for the reference I found in a newspaper article to the research Emmons was conducting on gratitude involving organ donors and recipients. The chance discovery led me to this book.
Mom implied that kindness seems to find its way back to the giver because life really is all about giving, receiving and repaying. So I’ll pay attention to her professional advice and say: Thank you, professor Emmons.
1.. What is the text mainly discussed?
A. There are many ways of being thankful.
B. Gratitude is important to happiness.
C. Mom is great for her being thankful.
D. Being thankful will keep you fit.
2.. The author mentions Robert A. Emmons’ book Thanks! in order to prove that __________.
A. Professor Emmons supports mom’s study on psychology.
B. mom is as great a psychologist as Professor Emmons.
C. Professor Emmons is a famous psychologist.
D. mom is right about her viewpoint on gratitude.
3.. It will be easier for you to feel grateful when___________.
A. you live a comfortable life
B. you receive gifts on your birthday
C. you get help during your hard times
D. you are congratulated on your success
4. What is the opinion of Professor Emmons?
A. It is enough to thank others orally
B. Whether you are thankful is always up to you
C. Remember to be thankful anytime and anywhere
D. It is easier to be thankful for yourself than for others.
5. In the writer’s opinion, Emmon’s book Thanks! On gratitude is________.
A. one-side B. reasonable C. puzzling D. helpful
Have you ever considered all the English expressions that include words about clothes? Let’s see if I can name a few proverbs “off the cuff” since I haven’t prepared for it.
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English expressions with “pants” |
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People wear pants to cover the lower part of their bodies. We sometimes say that people who are restless or nervous have “ants in their pants.” They might also “fly by the seat of their pants” -- they use their natural sense to do something instead of their learned knowledge. Sometimes, people may “get caught with their pants down” -- they are found doing something they should not be doing. And, in every family, one person takes control. Sometimes a wife tells her husband what to do. Then we say “she wears the pants in the family.” |
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When people want to say something about money |
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Pants usually have pockets to hold things. Money that is likely to be spent quickly can “burn a hole in your pocket.” Sometimes you need a belt to hold up your pants. If you have less money than usual, you may have to “tighten your belt” -- you may have to live on less money and spend your money carefully. But once you have succeeded in budgeting your money, you will have that skill “under your belt.” I always praise people who can save their money and not spend too much. I really “take my hat off to them.” Yet, when it comes to my own money, I spend it “at the drop of a hat” -- immediately, without waiting. And sadly, you cannot “pull money out of a hat” -- you cannot get money by inventing or imagining it. |
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English expressions with “shoes” |
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Boots are a heavy or strong kind of shoes. People who are “too big for their boots” think they are more important than they really are. I dislike such people. I really do. You can bet your boots on that! Yet, truly important people are hard to replace. Rarely can you “fill their shoes” -- or replace them with someone equally effective. |
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English expressions with “shirt” |
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My father is an important person. He runs a big company. He wears a suit and tie and a shirt with sleeves that cover his arms. Some people who do not know him well think he is too firm and severe. They think he is a real “stuffed shirt.” But I know that my father “wears his heart on his sleeve” -- he shows his feelings openly. And, he knows how to “keep his shirt on” -- he stays calm and never gets angry or too excited. |
1.. What is this passage mainly about?
A. How to say English correctly and properly.
B. Why English expressions include words about clothes.
C. Which words can be used to describe my father.
D. What people mean when they use some proverbs.
2.. Which of the following proverbs are not related to money?
A. tighten one’s belt B. burn a hole in one’s pocket
C. get caught with their pants down D. take one’s hat off to them
3.. Tim often considers himself the most important person in the world, which is far from the truth. We may say __________.
A. he is “too big for their boots”. B. he “bet his boots on that”.
C. he “fill their shoes”. D. he “wears his heart on his sleeve”.
4. If you want to praise somebody for his calmness when facing danger, you may say__________.
A. “You really fill your shoes.”
B. “Awesome! You wear your heart on your sleeve!”
C. “Amazing! How can you keep your shirt on at that time!”
D. “Cool! You are truly a stuffed shirt”.
I believe in leaving work at five o’clock. In a nation with such a strict work ethic(道德规范) , this is considered strange. Working only 40 hours a week? I just don’t know many people who punch out (打卡下班) at five o’clock anymore.
My father tried to teach me the importance of hard work, long hours and devotion to a career. But then there are the things he taught me unintentionally, like when he arrived home from work for the last time and crawled up the stairs.
My father, a self-employed sales trainer, was that sick, that tired. His body was wracked with liver cancer, and he suffered the effects of a diabetic ulcer（糖尿病）. Despite all this, he insisted on traveling a long way to give a lecture. He probably earned a lot of money that day, but he paid the price. He returned to the hospital soon afterwards and was dead within three months, aged just 58.
It’s been 10 years since I saw my father come home that night and since then, I’ve thought a lot about work. I’ve decided something: I will never crawl up the stairs exhausted. As much as I love my job as a newspaper reporter, I will never work myself into the ground, physically or emotionally. Not taking my work home didn’t come easily to me at first. After all, I am my father’s daughter. In college, I was the girl who sat on the library steps each morning, waiting for the doors to open. I even dreamt about schoolwork.
My dad once told me he was unable to just gaze at a sunset; he had to be doing something as he looked at it—writing, reading, playing chess. You could say he was a success: He was a published author, an accomplished musician, fluent in many languages. That’s an impressive list, but the thing is I want to gaze at sunsets. I don’t want to meet a deadline during them or be writing a column at the same time, or glance at them over the top of a book.
This raises the question: If I leave work at five o’ clock to watch the sunset, what are the consequences? Do I risk not reaching the top of my profession? Maybe, because honestly, knocking off after eight hours probably won’t earn me the best promotion. But hey, leaving work at five o’ clock means I eat dinner with my family. I get to hop on my bike and cycle through the streets of my hometown when there is no traffic.
And I get to take in a lot of sunsets. That’s got to be worth something.
1.Which of the following about the author’s father is true?
A. He set a good example to his daughter.
B. He tried to force his values on his daughter.
C. He gained much pleasure from his work.
D. He achieved great success at the expense of his health.
2.What does the author mean by saying “Not taking my work home did not come easily at first” in Paragraph 4?
A. There was so much work to do.
B. All her colleagues took work home.
C. She was educated to be a workaholic.
D. She wanted a promotion in her work.
3.What’s the author’s attitude toward promotion?
A. She doesn’t care about it at all.
B. She is eager to get promoted
C. She thinks it’s for the ambitious people
D. Getting promoted at all costs is not worthwhile
4. This text is developed________.
A. by giving examples B. by making comparisons
C. by describing process D. by order of time
5. What does the writer intend to tell us?
A. To praise his father’s diligence
B. To ask us to take time off work to enjoy life
C. To complain about the strict work ethic
D. To stress the importance of hard work
