- Do you know ______ of them?
- No, I only know, Mr johnson and Mrs Smith.
A. both B. either C. any D. all
你叫李华，是一名高中生。你的美国笔友提姆（Tim）发来电子邮件，询问你在周末都做什么事。请你根据下面的要点提示，请给提姆回一封电子邮件。
1. 大部分时间用来做功课；
2. 周日下午和朋友去体育场打篮球；
3. 有时和父母一起去看望爷爷奶奶；
4. 其他活动。
注意：1. 词数120-150；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答案纸相应的位置上(请注意题后的词数要求)。
[1]While mankind has always been seeking beauty, standards for the abstract thing have been changing constantly throughout history.
[2]Walk around an art museum and you’re likely to see lost of fat female images in the artwork, For many centuries, being thin meant that you were ugly and poor-you didn’t have enough food to eat and you spent your days working in the fields, Being full-figured, on the other hand, was a symbol of .Today, while plenty of experts will point out that pictures of models and famous people are beautified and Barbie has an impossible-to-achieve figure, both men and women seek to be thin, sometimes through disordered eating ,unhealthy amounts of exercise and operation.
[3] Make-up is another thing to which many women today are addicted, Ancient
Egyptians, Greeks and Romans loved make-up, However, these early civilizations were exceptions to the rule, as make-up was mostly avoided in the centuries following Queen Victorna went so far as to call all make-up rulgar(粗俗的)in a public speech, and modesty was the leading beauty trend for many years, But thanks to the introduction of movies, make-up came back in a big way .Today, it is a billion-dollar industry.
[4]Though beauty might seem like a visual thing, smells also play a big role. Just imagine this: if a supermodel didn’t shower for months at a time, would we still consider her beautiful? Being clean is essential for anyone to be considered beautiful, but that would certainly surprise the generations of people who never bathed, They were concerned that wearing no clothes was immoral and the devil(魔鬼)would catch them during their bath, Now many of us can hardly go a day without taking a shower or bath, Additionally, in an effort of appearing more attractive, many of us try to smell like baby powder, flowers and fruits with the help of perfume.
1.What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 8 words)[
2.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words.(no nore than 4 words)
3.What methods do some people try to be thin according to the text?(no more than 9 words)
4.What does the word “it” (Line6,Paragraph3)probably refer to?(no more than 2 words)
5.Which paragraph might the following sentence belong to?
People worried that bathing could lead to serious illness.
__________________________________________________________________________
Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).
Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.
The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of 
the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.
The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.
1.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.
B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.
C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.
D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.
2.Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?
A. Toes.B. Hips.C. Feet.D. Legs.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.
B. We should start running barefoot in no time.
C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.
D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.
4.What is the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?
A. Persuasive.B. Negative. C. Objective.D. Supportive
5.In which section of the newspaper can you most probably read the article?
A. Business. B. Science. C. Health. D. Entertainment.
Thousands of puffins(海鹦) live in Maine and on islands in the Gulf of Maine. But the puffins may be in danger. Last summer, the percentage of laid eggs that successfully produced baby puffins took a dive. Scientists also found a decline in the average body weight of the adult and baby puffins on Machias Seal Island, home to the area’s largest colony. Over the winter, dozens of the seabirds from the region were found dead, likely from starvation.
What’s causing the puffin trouble? Scientists think it may be a shortage of food. With ocean temperatures rising, fish populations have moved around. Normally, puffins’ primary food source is herring, a type of fish. A lack of herring in the area could be causing the problem.
Butterfish from the south have become more abundant in the Gulf of Maine and could be a new food source for birds. But Steve Kress says butterfish may be too big and round for baby puffins to swallow.
Puffins spend most of their lives at sea. They come ashore to breed each spring and return to the ocean in August. The chicks swim to sea about 40 days after hatching. Puffin populations stretch across the North Atlantic, from Maine to northern Russia.
Maine’s puffin population has been at risk in the past. In the 1800s, they were hunted for their food, eggs and feathers. By 1901, only one pair of puffins remained in the state. Thanks to the help of local lighthouse keepers and seabird restoration programs, the state’s puffin population has been restored to more than 2,000 birds.
Scientists aren’t sure what will happen to the Gulf of Maine’s puffins. The birds may move further north. Kress says he hopes the Gulf population will sustain itself and then he continued. “You never know what climate change will bring,” Kress said. “Historically fish could move out and more southerly fish could move in, and puffins may adapt to the new fish. Only they will know how the story will unfold.”
1.The underlined phrase “took a dive” means _______.
A. increasedB. arose C. reducedD. changed
2.In the scientists’ opinion, ________ is contributing to the puffin trouble.
A. a lack of herringB. environmental pollution
C. the increase of birdsD. the huge size of butterfish
3.It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. Maine’s puffin once nearly became extinct
B. Maine’s puffins’ eggs were of high prices
C. baby puffins grew up quickly
D. the number of Maine’s puffins is worrying
4.Judging from Kress’s words in the last paragraph, we know ________.
A. climate change matters little
B. there is cause for concern
C. the new fish won’t harm puffins
D. puffins may move to the south
5.How is the second paragraph mainly developed?
A. By giving examples.B. By making comparisons.
C. By following time order.D. By asking questions
Many cities have subways and underground public transportation to take locals and tourists alike rapidly around the city．However, there’s something different about riding a London subway．It may not look different, but the historical value of one of England’s most popular forms of transportation is enough to make riding the subway a must when visiting London．With a little under 100 different stations, the subway can take you almost anywhere you need to go．
Riding a London subway, a person from other countries will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each other．In fact, eye contact is avoided at all times．That’s not rudeness―people are just too busy to bother looking．
Busy doing what, you ask? Well, they’re certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet thinking．Nor are they reading a book．New technology has replaced quiet habits．Today the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-book．
Apple must earn a fortune from London commuters（使用月票上下班者）．Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000―yes, that’s 40,000 “apps” have been designed．
Commuters love them because they are the perfect time-fillers．One “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanks．Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination．iSteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphone．You can then write in the “steam” on your phone screen．
For those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction（消遣）of choice．It’s not just teenagers who “plug in” to their music－iPods are a popular way to pass the time for all ages．
And if games, e-books and music aren’t enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV shows or films on the way to work．With all these distractions, it’s amazing that people still remember to get off the train．
1.People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because ______．
A．they are going to work and have no time to communicate with each other
B．they love reading books and do not want to be disturbed
C．they feel sleepy because of getting up early
D．they are busy playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films
2.The underlined word “apps” in the fourth paragraph means ______．
A．computers B．programs downloaded for the iPhone
C．computer companies D．fortune from London commuters
3.Those who want to save time to reach where they go can download ______ to their iPhones．
A．iShoot B．Tube Exits C．iSteam D．iPod
4.The main idea of the passage is that ______．
A．London commuters are unfriendly to strangers
B．Apple has earned a lot of money from selling 40,000 apps
C．technology is changing how London commuters spend their traveling time
D．riding a London subway is a must when visiting London
5.The aim to write the passage is to ______.
A. praiseB. doubt C. blameD. state
