Question

It can be hard to encourage families of preschoolers to turn off the TV，but there are plenty of high­quality shows that promote learning and positive relationships rather than violence，researchers noted.

“Although clearly kids watch too much，what’s more worrying is that they watch poor quality shows，” said Dr Christakis，the lead researcher on the new study from the University of Washington in Seattle.His former survey of parents of three­to five­year­old children showed the kids often watched violent cartoons and movies that are “totally inappropriate”．

For their study，he and his colleagues randomly divide 565 preschoolers into two groups.In one group，parents recorded notes about kids’ normal TV viewing，without receiving any guidelines to reduce or change those habits.In the other group，researchers made visits and calls and sent monthly newsletters encouraging parents to replace violent TV with educational programming.After six and 12 months，parents reported their kid’s angry，aggressive or anxious behaviors on a questionnaire.At both time points，children in the TV intervention (干预) program had slightly fewer problems than those in the comparison group.Boys in low­income families seemed to benefit most from the change in programming，the researchers found.

“The point is，this is something that is as effective as other things we do to try to guide behavior in children，and it’s fairly simple，” Christakis said.

Another study published in Pediatrics found the more TV kids and teens watched，the more likely they were to have a crime or other problems in society.Children may imitate violence they see—or more time in front of the TV could simply mean less communication with peers and families，and worse performance in school.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends kids watch no more than one to two hours of high­quality programming each day.Researchers agreed parents should be mindful of what exactly their young kids are watching on TV as well.“It’s  not just about turning the TV off，it’s about changing the channel，” Christakis said.

1.What is the positive effect of high­quality TV shows on kids?

A．Good learning results and relationships.

B．Being affected by violence.

C．Spending less time on TV programming.

D．Encouraging them to turn on the TV.

2.For Christakis，what is more concerning?

A．Kids watching too much TV.

B．TV shows being of poor quality.

C．Kids watching too many cartoons.

D．Parents receiving no guidelines.

3.We can learn from the survey mentioned in Para.3 that________.

A．Children don’t like being disturbed while watching TV

B．Preschoolers seems to like newsletters more than TV

C．Poor children prefer to watch educational programming

D．Kids watching high­quality programs have fewer problems

4.Christakis thought the effect of educational programming on children’s behaviour was________.

A．unclear   　B．slight  

C．obvious 　D．great

5.According to the researchers，________.

A．getting preschoolers away from TV is difficult

B．shows on TV in America are full of violence

C．parents should communicate more with their kids

D．parents should keep an eye on what kids watch on TV

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.D

【解析】

语篇解读 本文是一篇调查报告。研究人员通过调查研究发现：高质量的电视节目对学龄前儿童的学习和待人处事，有很大的促进作用。同时文中还提醒家长：关掉电视不是明智之举，关键要关注孩子观看的节目内容。

1.解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...but there are plenty of high­quality shows that promote learning and positive relationships”可知，A项正确。

答案： A

2.2】解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“...what’s more worrying is that they watch poor quality shows’．..”可知，B项正确。题干中的concerning与“worrying”同义。

答案： B

3.3】解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“At both time points，children in the TV intervention (干预) program had slightly fewer problems than those in the comparison group.”可知，与对照组相比，所看电视节目受到干预的孩子的问题相对较少。

答案： D

4.4】解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段和最后一段可知，Christakis认为，教育类的电视节目对孩子行为的影响是显而易见的。

答案： C

5.5】解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Researchers agreed parents should be mindful of what exactly their young kids are watching on TV as well.”可知，家长应该关注孩子所看电视节目的内容。

答案： D