单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1.No_________(结论) should be drawn before all the facts are buttoned down.
2.In fact they do ______(贡献)something to the community, which is as it should be.
3.They began shooting immediately after the __________(通告).
4.We have ___________(粗略地)250 economics majors every year at Harvard.
5.Happily this was ______________（完成）without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well.
6.It looked _______________(辉煌的)when first built.
7.I want people to have a good ________________(印象)of solar cars.
8.He has no ______________(先前的)experience of this kind of work.
9.The __________(即刻)she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out .
10.European ________________(定居)began in 1840 when the British arrived.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式填空。
M：Hello, Mrs. Black. I’m from The Daily Mirror and I’m doing a report on public opinion about the city bus service. So, what do you __1.___ of the bus service?
W: The bus service? Actually, I don’t use it that often, _2.___ I have to go shopping.
M: What, er, how could the bus service ___3._____(improve)?
W: Well, they could turn up on time. I mean, you look at the time-table and you think“Oh, well. Five minutes to wait.” And it __4.___(turn) out to be an hour.
M: Do any other people in your family use the bus service?
W: My husband. He uses it more often. But fortunately a girl_5.___ works in his office often gives him a ___6._ into work. __7.___ when he does need to use it, he’s often angry at it. Once he ___8.___ (wait) up to 50 minutes at the station for a bus. So I think there should be some way of __9.____(warn) people when a bus is not going to arrive and certainly much __10._____frequent bus service.
The sun was shining when I got on No.151 Bus. We passengers sat jammed together in heavy clothes. No one spoke. That’s one of the rules. we see the same faces every day, we prefer to behind our newspapers. People who sit so close together are using those thin sheets of newsprint to keep their .
As the bus came near the Mile, a suddenly rang out “ !This is your driver speaking.” We looked at the back of the driver’s head. “Put your papers down. All of you.” The came down. “Now, turn and face the person next to you. Go .”
Surprisingly we all did it. Still no one smiled. I faced an older woman, her head wrapped in a red scarf(围巾).I saw her every day. Our eyes met We waited for the next from the driver. “Now repeat after me. Good morning neighbor!”
Our voice were .For many of us, these were the words we had spoken that day. But we said them together, like ,to the strangers beside us. We couldn’t help .There was the feeling of relief(解脱), that we were not being held up（抢劫）. But more, there was the sense of ice being . “Good morning ,neighbor.” It was not so after all. Some of us repeated it, others shook hands ,many laughed. The bus driver said nothing more. He didn’t to. Not a single newspaper went back up. I heard laughter, a warm sound I had never heard before in .
When I reached my stop, I said to my seatmate, and then jumped off the bus. That day was off better than most.
1.A. unwritten B. strict C. bus D. city
2.A. As B. Because C. When D. Although
3.A. read B. sit C. talk D. hide
4.A. ways B. methods C. respect D. distance
5.A. message B. warning C. suggestion D. voice
6.A. Attention B. Minding C. Help D. Listen
7.A. papers B. passengers C. driver D. tears
8.A. on B. round C. ahead D. down
9.A. still B. nearly C. even D. hardly
10.A. turn B. talk C. order D. remark
11.A. loud B. neat C. slow D. weak
12.A. first B. last C. best D. only
13.A. passengers B. citizens C. patients D. schoolchildren
14.A. shouting B. crying C. smiling D. wondering
15.A. formed B. heated C. broken D. frozen
16.A. sad B. hard C. ordinary D. shy
17.A. need B. want C. like D. begin
18.A. my life B. Bus No.151 C. public D. other words
19.A. good morning B. good-bye C. hello D. thanks
20.A. starting B. seeing C. taking D. turning
How to Avoid Weight Gain Over Holidays
Do you love the holidays, but hate the pounds that follow? You are not alone. Holidays are times for feasting and celebrating. Many people are worried about their weight. 1. ___________ Whether you are celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner, regard eating as a time for tasting a variety of foods. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don’t have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.
Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness:
Don’t skip meals.
Before you leave home, have a small, low-fat meal or snack. 2.________．
Control portions.
Use a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to “load up.”
3.________．Once you have your “tasting” serving, move away from the dining table. Doing so will make it less tempting (吸引人的) to be eating constantly as your appetite is inspired by the sight of food.
Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables.
Fill up beforehand with water-based soup and raw fruit or vegetables. Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.
Stick to physical activity.
4.________ A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off additional calories.
5.__________.
Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a large amount of fat. Choose lean meats. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. Use lemon juice instead of dressing or butter.
A. This may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious food.
B. You had better turn your attention away from delicious foods.
C. With proper planning, though, it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays.
D. You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist.
E. Avoid high-fat foods.
F. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays.
G. You’d better remember the Dos and Don’ts for keeping fit and slim.
How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work? A new study by three Harvard researchers suggests a novel answer: Shortly after you hire new workers, give them a raise.
"Previous research has shown that paying people more than they expect may elicit reciprocity(相互作用) in the form of greater productivity," notes Deepak Malhotra, a Harvard business-administration professor who worked on the study. What he and his colleagues found, however, was that the connection between more pay and extra effort depends on presenting the increase "as a gift—that is, as something you've chosen to do purely as a nice gesture, with no strings attached."
Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.
The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.
Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.
Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn't promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.
To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.
"The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase]," he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most "if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you're choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they'll do something nice back."
1.What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?
A. The quality of being intelligent or clever.
B. The quality of doing something difficult or dangerous.
C. The physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time.
D. A particular method of doing an activity, usually involving practical skills.
2.Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?
A. Because they thought they were better paid than the other groups.
B. Because they were experienced employees from developing countries.
C. Because an unexpected raise reminded them of their previous work.
D. Because they felt they were nicely treated and tried best to repay it.
3.What can we infer from this passage?
A. No pains, no gains.
B. It matters not what we give but how.
C. Honesty is the best policy.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
They like using the Internet. They have lots of pocket money to spend. And they spend a higher proportion of it online than the rest of us. Teenagers are just the sort of people an online seller is interested in, and the things they want to buy－games, CDs and clothing－are easily sold on the Web.
But paying online is a troublesome business for consumers who are too young to own credit cards. Most have to use a parent’s card. They want a facility that allows them to spend money.
That may come sooner than they think: new ways to take pocket money into cyber (网络的) space are coming out rapidly on both sides of the Atlantic. If successful, these products can stimulate online sales.
In general, teenagers spend huge amounts: $153bn (billion) in the US last year and ￡20bn annually in the UK. Most teenagers have access to the Internet at home or at school－88 percent in the US, 69 percent in the UK. According to the Jupiter Research, one in eight of those with Internet access has bought something online－mainly CDs and books.
In most cases, parents pay for these purchases with credit cards, an arrangement that is often unsatisfactory for them and their children. Pressing parents to spend online is less productive than pressing them to spend on the high street. They are more likely to ask “Why?” if you ask to spend some money online.
One way to help teenagers change notes and coins into cyber cash is through prepaid cards such as Internet Cash in the US and Smart cards in the UK. Similar to those for pay-as-you-go mobile telephones, they are sold in amounts such as￡20 or $50 with a concealed 14-digit number that can be used to load the cash into an online account.
1.What does the word “They” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. Sellers. B. Buyers.
C. Teenagers. D. Parents.
2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. More than half of the teenagers in the US and the UK have Internet access.
B. Teenagers pay for goods online with their own credit cards.
C. Most teenagers in the US and the UK have bought something online.
D. Teenagers found it easier to persuade parents to buy online than in a shop.
3.New way to help teenagers shop online is to use ______.
A. a new machine
B. special coins and notes
C. prepaid cards
D. pay-as-you-go mobile phones
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. Online shopping traps.
B. Internet users in the US and the UK.
C. New credit cards for parents.
D. The arrival of cyber pocket money.
