In the summer of 1848, in Guatemala, a man called Ambrosio Tut went into the jungle, as he did almost every day. Tut was a gum-collector(树胶采集者)，1.(look) for gum in the jungle. To do this, he had to climb the trees. 2.this particular day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eye. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings.
Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something 3.(specially). He ran to tell the local governor, and together they 4.(walk)into the jungle. There they found Tikal(蒂卡尔)，the city that the Mayans (玛雅A) had built many hundreds of years before. The two men saw temples and pyramids, squares and houses, and places 5.kings had lived when the Mayan people ruled the region.
For a long time before that day, local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city, 6.no one had seen it for centuries. 7.200 and 900 AD, the city of Tikal had been the center of Mayan civilization in the region, but then the Mayans left 8.─nobody knows why! After 1000 AD, the jungle began to cover it and people forgot that it was there.
Seven years before Tut looked out for the trees, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle, but they didn't mention Tikal. Even 9.(early)than this, local Indians had told European travelers about a great city 10.(hide) in the trees, but no one would listen to them. Now the lost city had been found again, and archaeologists (考古学家) went there immediately to see it.
Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a convention? That's why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation if you are trying to sell something!
Your body language will give others a general of you and it will also show your emotions. It's very difficult to make your body . It's easy to tell the difference between a smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), it is usually possible to know what someone really , whatever they may be saying with .
Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also . Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle made with three raised fingers means " OK" in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means "money"!
In many Asian cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as hands or kissing are not . In some parts of Asia, , it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of .
Greetings vary according to the country and the sex of the people involved. In the west, it is appropriate to shake hands when you someone for the first time and both men and women can a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman they are in a business situation.
If you want to avoid making mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should their basic cultures before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to people.
1.A. namely B. particularly C. importantly D. practically
2.A. imagination B. description C. expression D. impression
3.A. lie B. talk C. act D. conduct
4.A. polite B. shy C. sincere D. ready
5.A. cares B. means C. shows D. considers
6.A. words B. examples C. feelings D. movements
7.A. exact B. foreign C. cultural D. similar
8.A. clear up B. cut down C. refer to D. lead to
9.A. sign B. mark C. shape D. figure
10.A. helpless B. rude C. dangerous D. casual
11.A. shaking B. touching C. raising D. holding
12.A. comfortable B. suitable C. acceptable D. reasonable
13.A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. besides
14.A. friendship B. love C. admiration D. concern
15.A. know B. introduce C. approach D. meet
16.A. suggest B. start C. demand D. follow
17.A. unless B. until C. if D. while
18.A. surprising B. disappointing C. embarrassing D. laughing
19.A. experience B. develop C. respect D. understand
20.A. worry B. hurt C. affect D. Disturb
Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like sportsmanship.
Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (具有运动家品格的人) respect the other players on their team. They respect he players on opposing teams. They respect coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games. 1.they yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.
Kids usually learn sportsmanship ─ good and bad ─ from the adults in their lives 2.If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field.
3.Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.
Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life! 4.Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.
So be a good sport in whatever you do! 5.When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that winning isn't the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fun, getting exercise, and improving your skills.
A. Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.
B. On the contrary, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect.
C. The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others.
D. Players 'parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow.
E. We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them.
F. Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old.
G. If you're a good sport on the field, you'll also likely be a good sport in the classroom
"A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website" is the definition of "selfie" in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasn't even in the dictionary until August of last year. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed with (对……痴迷) selfies ─ we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven't seen in a while.
But is there any scientific explanation for this obsession? Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist(神经系统科学家) at University College London.
Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people's faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them ─ we just feel them most of the time.
This has been proved in previous studies, according to the BBC.
Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are. To further test how we actually perceive our own faces, Kilner carried out another study. He showed people different versions of their own portrait ─ the original, one that had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive ─ and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them. They chose the more attractive version.
But what does it say about settles? Well, isn't that obvious? Selfies give us the power to create a photograph ─ by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters (滤色镜) and so on ─ that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.
"You suddenly have control in a way that you don't have in non-virtual(非虚拟的) interactions," Kilner told the Canada-based CTV News. Selfies allow you "to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you're happy with" , he explained.
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A. The definition and fun of taking selfies.
B. A study of why people love taking selfies.
C. How taking selfies influences people's daily lives.
D. How to interpret people's facial expressions in their selfies.
2.The underlined word "perceive" in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by "______".
A. interpret B. beautify C. choose D. explain
3.What did Kilner discover from his researches?
A. People interpret others' facial expressions worse than their own.
B. People tend to spend more time looking at their faces than at others'.
C. People tend to believe they look more attractive than they actually are.
D. People who like taking selfies know more about their facial expressions.
4.According to Kilner, people like taking selfies probably because they think ______.
A. it is a good chance to learn more about their actual faces
B. it is a way to respond to others' facial expressions correctly
C. it enables them to interact with their friends in social media
D. it allows them to satisfy their expectations with their appearances
Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.
Famers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of running after a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, the kill it or a hunter shoots it.
People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport. They wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict rules of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly are expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox-hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people who are against fox-hunting, because they think it is brutal(残暴的), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of conflict between hunters and hunt opponents (阻止者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly opponents discourage the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the fox's smell, which the dogs follow.
Noisy conflicts between hunters and opponents have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as running after foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox-hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party member of Parliament(英国议会), Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.
1.Wealthy people in Britain have been hunting foxes to ______.
A. benefit the farmers B. get entertainment
C. show off their wealth D. limit the fox population
2.The opponents of fox-hunting often discourage the game by ______.
A. using violence
B. taking legal action
C. seeking help from farmers
D. confusing the fox hunters
3.A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ______.
A. protect wild animals like foxes
B. control fox-hunting on a large scale
C. prohibit farmers from hunting foxes
D. standardize the behavior of fox-hunting
4.What can be inferred from this passage?
A. Limiting the fox population is unnecessary at all.
B. Killing foxes with poison is not allowed by the law.
C. Hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent.
D. Fox-hunting causes conflicts between hunters and farmers.
I log onto a computer at the doctor's office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.
There, a robotic nurse directs me onto a device and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, in steps the doctor, who is also a robot. He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription (处方). I pay for my visit using a credit card machine and return home without having met another human being.
When I call my dentist's office and actually get a human being on the line, I am thrilled. And when I see the introduction of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like shouting, "When it comes to cashiers, make mine human, please!"
After all, human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon (优惠券) for items you are buying. Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can brighten a young mother's day. A cashier may also show compassion (同情)for an elderly person struggling to get that last penny out of her purse.
What technological device would do any of this? I don't want to go back to the Stone Age, but I'm also worried about a world run by machines. Sometimes when you're chatting with someone, you discover things you need to know. Maybe a receptionist needs prayers said for a sick child. Maybe a salesperson can offer a bit of encouragement to a customer who is feeling tired.
Machines can be efficient and cost-effective and they often get the job done just fine. But they lack an element so important to everyday life.
Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something no machine will ever have. It is being human that prompts us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.
1.What's the author's purpose in writing the first two paragraphs?
A. To indicate high technology can make our future life very easy.
B. To describe a possible future scene where robots take control of our life.
C. To warn readers of the possible dangers of robotic nurses and doctors.
D. To predict how technology can affect the way we see a doctoring the future.
2.Why does the author prefer being served by humans rather than by robots?
A. Robots are indifferent and emotionless.
B. Robots can't provide efficient services.
C. Robots don't offer to give store coupons.
D. Robots are unable to do a job as well as humans.
3.What's the author's attitude towards machines?
A. He wishes one day they would come to life.
B. He is absolutely against their existence in his life.
C. He doesn't like they get involved in his life too much.
D. He is afraid they would take the place of human beings.
