When we donate（捐献） blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance for at least ABO and Rh systems typing. If you are O+, the O is your ABO type and the + is your Rh type. It is possible to be A, B, AB, or O as well as Rh + or Rh-.
The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements. There are four basic types of blood in the ABO system: A, B, AB and O. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood. We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents. Because of the substances(物质) contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully, If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types, so it is often called the universal donor. However, there is still a risk. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal receiver. However, because there can be so many reactions in the blood bank of the hospital.
There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A. The least common is type AB. Other races have different percentage. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O out of 100 donors in the world.
1.Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?
2.The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means ________.
A. to put the blood into a container
B. to move the blood from one place to another
C. to put the blood of one person into the body of another
D. to give power to another person
3.The writer suggests that the third most common blood type among the Europeans is ______.
A. B B. A C. AB D. O
4.The text mainly tells us ______.
A. about the basic types of human blood
B. what kind of blood is the most common
C. about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize
D. the relationship between blood type and nationality
Long long ago, there was a small seed（种子）. Because it was only a seed, nobody noticed it. Thus, feeling inferior (低级的), the seed gave no importance to his existence. Then one day, a wind picked him up and threw him on an open field in the sun. Later, he was given rain. Years later he saw a traveler sitting by his side. "Thank you God for this. I really needed some rest," he heard the traveler say. "What are you talking about?" the seed quickly asked. He thought the man was making fun of him. No one ever spoke to him like that. "Who just spoke?" the shocked man asked. "It is me, a seed." "A seed?" the man looked at the big tree. "Are you joking? You are no seed. You are a big tree!" "Really?" "Yes! Why else do you think people come here?" "What do they come here for?" "To feel your shade (树阴)! Don’t tell me you didn’t know you had grown over time. "A moment passed. The seed thought and smiled for the first time in his life. The years of torture (磨难) by the sun and the rain finally helped him grow up. "Oh! That means I’m not a little seed anymore! I was actually born to make people feel comfortable. Wow! That’s great! "
1.The seed didn’t realize the importance of his existence because ______.
A. nobody looked after him
B. he didn’t believe in himself
C. he was such a small seed
D. he was thrown into the open air
2.The traveler sat by the seed’s side to ______.
A. escape from the rain
B. thank God for offering him a tree
C. have a rest and enjoy the shade
D. talk with the big tree
3.The author’s purpose of writing the passage is to ____.
A. tell us that we should help each other
B. praise the seed for his strength
C. teach us a lesson: never laugh at others
D. tell us that we should never lose hope
4.Where does the passage most probably come from?
A. A storybook. B. A science book.
C. A history book. D. A novel.
It was a cold evening. My daughter and I were walking up Broadway. I didn’t notice a guy sitting inside a cardboard box. But Nora . She wasn’t even four, but she at my coat and said, “That man’s cold. Daddy, can we take him home?”
I don’t remember my . But I do remember a sudden feeling inside me. I had always been delighted at how much my daughter noticed in her , whether it was flying or children playing. But now she was noticing and beggary.
A fewdays later, I saw an article in the newspaper about volunteers who picked up a food package from a nearby school on a Sunday morning and it to an elderly person. It was quick and easy. I signed us up. Nora was about it. She could understand the importance of food, so she could easily see how our job was. When Sunday came, she was ready, but I had to myself to leave the house to fetch the food package. On my way to the school, I fought an urge (强烈愿望) to turn . The Sunday paper and coffee were waiting for me at home. Why do this? , we phoned the elderly person we’d been appointed. She us right over.
The building was in a bad state. Facing us was a silver-haired woman in an old dress. She took the package and asked us to come in. Nora ran inside. I unwillingly followed. walking inside, I saw that the department belonged to someone poor. Our hostess showed us some photos. Nora played and when it came time to say goodbye, we three hugged. I walked home .
Professionals call such a(n) “a volunteer opportunity”. They are opportunities and I’ve come to see. Where else but as volunteers do you have the opportunity to do something that’s good for others as well as for yourself? Nora and I often serve meals to needy people and 54 clothes for the homeless. Yet, as I’ve her grow over these past four years, I still wonder—which of us has benefited more?
1.A. was B. did C. has D. had
2.A. aimed B. replaced C. waved D. pulled
3.A. settlement B. explanation C. reply D. expression
4.A. heavy B. funny C. general D. imaginative
5.A. web B. dream C. castle D. world
6.A. birds B. animals C. plants D. insects
7.A. coldness B. suffering C. illness D. appearance
8.A. represented B. returned C. sent D. posted
9.A. concerned B. sorry C. excited D. worried
10.A. creative B. valuable C. shocking D. simple
11.A. push B. stop C. allow D. warn
12.A. back B. away C. up D. out
13.A. Therefore B. However C. But D. Also
14.A. requested B. invited C. promised D. helped
15.A. By B. For C. At D. On
16.A. in surprise B. in tears C. in reality D. in amazement
17.A. stay B. reception C. visit D. challenge
18.A. attractive B. famous C. difficult D. enjoyable
19.A. design B. make C. order D. collect
20.A. let B. made C. watched D. suggest
—What do you want to do next？We have half an hour until the basketball game。
— __________.Whatever you want to do is fine with me.
A. All right. B. It just depends.
C. It’s up to you D. Glad to hear that
—Ann is in hospital.
— Really? I _____ know. I ______ go and visit her.
A. didn’t ; am going to B. don’t ; would
C. don’t ; will D. didn’t; will
—If he ______, he _____ that food.
— Luckily, he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take
B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken
D. would have been warned; had not taken
