Have you ever heard the saying “All roads lead to Rome”? At one time, this was pretty much true. During the Roman Empire, lots of roads were built in order to move armies, send messages by courier (信使), and make trade easier.
The network of Roman roads was begun in 312 BC. It was demanded that the roads be built strong so that they would not fall down. Roman soldiers, supervised (监督) by engineers, laid down the roads in a special pattern of layers. There were all together 4 layers, which was made of different materials, such as sand, rocks, stones and so on.
Also, Roman roads were cambered(拱形). This means that they were built higher in the middle than on the edges, allowing rainwater to run off, which prevented flooding. We use the same technique in building roads today. The Romans also laid out roads over hills when necessary, setting them down in a zigzag (之字形的)pattern to make the road rise gradually.
All Roman roads had milestones (里程碑), placed every thousand paces (a Roman mile). The milestones told when the road was built, who was emperor at the time, the road’s destination, how far the traveler was from the destination, and how many miles had been traveled since the beginning of the road. This information was a great help to travelers.
Because of their excellence in construction, it really is no surprise that many parts of Roman road still exist today. These roadways are one of the most impressive achievements of the Roman Empire.
1.The following description about Roman roads is true EXCEPT _____.
A. Roman roads were built by the Roman soldiers directed by the engineers
B. Roman roads could prevent flooding using the technique we don’t use today
C. Roman roads had milestones that were placed every Roman mile
D .Roman roads still exist today as an impressive achievement of Roman Empire
2.What information can you find on the milestones?
A. The builders of the road.
B. The materials used in building roads.
C. The distance from one city.
D. The time spent in building roads.
3.The passage mainly ______.
A. explains the saying “All roads lead to Rome”
B. praises ancient Romans for their great achievements
C. shows how great the Roman Empire was
D. introduces the construction of the Roman roads
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
How early must a student begin preparing for an international education? Lisa Jain, the representative of The College Board in India showed her idea here clearly.
Many students who want to study abroad believe they need to start planning for it only in Grade12. What they don’t realize is the amount of time, thought, and effort it requires. That is why a student should begin the ground work in Grade 10 in order to gain a clear understanding of what the college application process requires and to be prepared to deal with the pressures that will follow.
Focus on school grades and marks. It is important to try your best to perform well in academics throughout high school and not just in Grade 12.
Start gaining experience. Get involved in a small number of activities over a long period of time, such as a sport, the arts, writing, research, community work, etc, through which you create impact in the activity, climb to a leadership position, grow as a person and develop skills. Picking something in Grade 12 and claiming it’s your passion won’t work.
Begin research. Which country do you want to apply to colleges in? What do you want to study at college? Researching early and start reflecting on what you’d enjoy learning will make the college and major selection process less overwhelming in Grade 12.
All your efforts in Grade 10-11 will help ease your burden in Grade 12. If you do everything at the right time, you will find the process enjoyable and realize there is hardly a reason to stress. Just remember: The early birds catch the worms!
【写作内容】
1. 用约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
2. 用约120个词就“The early birds catch the worms.”谈谈你的想法，内容包括：
（1）你如何理解“The early birds catch the worms.”这一谚语？
（2）以你或他人的经历说明一切成功源于凡事早做规划，充足准备。
（3）如何才能成为“the early birds”？
【写作要求】
1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文的句子。
2. 作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
《出彩中国人》 “The Brilliant Chinese”是中国非常火的一档大型励志真人秀节目，请根据以下内容写一篇英语短文介绍该节目。
【写作内容】
制作与播放情况 | 制作方：CCTV 2014年2月9日首播 第二季正在播出（每周日晚20:05分，CCTV-1，全国各地均可收看） |
宗旨 | 向各行各业的人开放，给普通人提供展示才能的机会，寻找各行各业的能手 向世界展示中国的精彩 |
口号 | “出彩中国人，精彩中国梦” |
内容 | 选手们逐一展示才艺和故事，评选出“出彩之星”(The Brilliant Star) |
反响和评价 | 受到广大观众好评，认为该节目体现中国人通过个人奋斗证明自己的尊严和价值，让人感到快乐，也传递了能量，给所有中国人以信心。 |
【写作要求】
只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
以下为几则招聘广告：
A. The candidates will be expected to drive new business through telephone sales. However, the role does include meeting clients face to face, attending industry events, managing one or two members of staff, finding new advertisers and gaining repeat business from existing clients. Therefore, we are looking for sales professionals with media sales backgrounds, and experience in managing a team.
B. Bright Social Care Agency is calling for experienced support workers who can take care of adults with autism to register for work as soon as possible. The duties of this post include interacting with the service user, promoting independent living, and assisting with personal care. Therefore, the applicants should have experience as a support worker and good interpersonal skills. If you’re interested, please send your CV to beca@hotmail.com.
C. Balfor Education is looking for teachers who are dedicated to children’s learning and able to manage a classroom efficiency. We offer flexible teaching assignments that meet your own requirements and have a number of strong relationships with many schools. The ideal candidate should have the qualifications for a teacher and have knowledge of the National Curriculum. A flexible and friendly attitude is also an essential quality.
D. Tutor Doctor is looking for experienced and capable English tutors. If you have relevant experience of tutoring or teaching and know how to get the very best out of your students in a 1 to 1 situation, then we would love you to join the Tutor Doctor team. Also, you must have the passion and capability to help others learn and fulfill their potential. Most tuition happens between 4:30 pm and 8 pm of weekdays, and at weekends.
E. The client is looking for experienced, reliable caring individuals to look after physically sick adults in their own home. You are required to follow all rules and regulations in relation to care, and perform such other duties as may reasonably be required. You must be self-motivated, flexible, caring and sensitive to the needs of others and to the sick.
F. I run a small local family magazine which relies on adverting revenue, and I need someone to help sell advertising space for the magazine. This job would ideally suit someone who used to work in sales and now needs to work hours that fit around school hours and sports days. The job won’t make you rich but it will give you the opportunity to work your own hours, from home, in an enjoyable role for a well respected magazine.
请阅读以下几位求职者的相关信息，然后匹配适合他（她）的工作。
1. Henry is a high school student in America. He used to do many kinds of jobs when he was a young boy, such as selling newspapers and magazine. He does not want to depend on his parents for his pocket money or waste his time hanging round at weekends. He is fond of communicating with strangers and has developed some selling skills.
2. Miss Harrison has worked in a newspaper agency for five years. She was responsible for the advertisements in the newspaper and for a work team consisting of five members. She gave up her previous job because she had to move with her husband to a new city. She is good at dealing with strangers.
3.Anna is a college student whose major is English. Since she came to college, she has begun to work as a tutor. This term, she still would like to work as a tutor after classes and at weekends. Without the experience of being a real teacher, she doesn’t have the confidence to manage a big class, and she just wants to teach one or two students each time.
4. Julie had been teaching in an elementary school for many years. Immediately after she graduated from a normal college, she got a Qualified Teacher Certificate. She likes teaching young children and has no problem managing a big class. She gave up her work two years ago because she had to take care of her children. But now she hopes to take it up again.
5.Having worked as a nurse in a big hospital for years, Susan knows how to take care of patients. She does not like to stay home alone in her retirement, as her husband died of cancer years ago and all her children work in other states. She is fully aware of the needs of the patients who are suffering from physical illness.
You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing(内化)your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they don’t let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they don’t blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的)moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺)in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause others---and even themselves---to feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives.
In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life.
In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are.
1.What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A. People and things around you.
B. Opportunities and problems.
C. Creators and their choices.
D. Victims and their sufferings.
2.According to Paragraph 2, creators __________.
A. seem willing to experience failures in life
B. possess the ability to predict future life
C. handle ups and downs of life wisely
D. have potential to create something new
3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A. Creators and victims face quite different things in life.
B. Creators and victims are masters of their lives.
C. Victims can influence more people than creators.
D. Compared with victims, creators are more emotional.
4.The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _______________.
A. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims.
B. people need family support to deal with challengers in life.
C. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains.
D. one’s experiences determine his attitude toward life.
5.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To define victims and creators.
B. To evaluate victims against creators.
C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators.
D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators.
“BANG!” the door caused a reverberation (回声). It was just standing there, with father standing on one side, and me on the other side.
We were both in great anger. “Never set foot in this house again!” stormed father. With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.
The street lights were shining, causing rather sad feelings. I wandered aimlessly.
A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me. I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.
But now … I don’t know whether it is because I have grown up or because dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.
I wandered the streets, without a destination in mind. My heart was frozen on this hot summer night. As I walked on, there were fewer and fewer people on the streets, until I had only the street lights to keep me company. When I finally reached the high-rise apartment block in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on.
I thought to myself: “Is father waiting for me, or is he still angry with me?”
In fact, it was nothing. Perhaps, dad was throwing away some of his old stamps. Perhaps he thought they were useless. I never had the courage to tell him that I liked collecting stamps.
All the lights were off except father’s.
Dad was always like this. Maybe he didn’t know how to express himself. After shouting at me, he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret.
This was how he always was. He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.
The light was still on. “Am I wrong?” I whispered, maybe… With the key in my hand, I was as nervous as I had ever been. At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my cheeks. I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all. Love----it’s second to none.
1. Which is the correct order of the following events according to the passage?
a. I opened the door and entered the house.
b. I ran out into the street angrily.
c. I reached the place where I lived and saw my house still brightly lit.
d. I recalled my happy childhood.
e. I began to walk about in the street without any aim.
A. e, b, d, c, a B. b, e, d, c, a
C. b, e, c, d, a D. e, b, c, a, d
2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The author fully understood why he and his father had different thinking.
B. The author’s father didn’t approve of his stamp collecting.
C. The author and his father lacked communication.
D. The author’s father opened the door for him when he came back.
3. According to the author, why did his father often shout at him?
A. Perhaps the father was getting older and older.
B. Perhaps the son had already grown up.
C. Perhaps they never agreed with each other.
D. Perhaps the father had been used to doing that.
4. What did the author mean by the underlined sentence “My heart was frozen on this hot summer night”?
A. He felt lonely because there were so few people on the street.
B. He felt uncomfortable because it was a very hot night.
C. He was completely disappointed with his father.
D. He was at a loss because he had nowhere to go.
5.What was the author’s attitude towards his father at the end of the story?
A. He loved his father.
B. He was frustrated with his father.
C. He was afraid of his father.
D. He was dissatisfied with his father.
