______he does has nothing to do with me.
A. whatever B. No matter what C. That D. If
如图所示，一群高中学生正在操场捡拾垃圾，旁边有部分学生在踢球玩耍，对捡垃圾者熟视无睹。请你根据对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇150词左右的短文。短文应包含以下内容：
1. 简要描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；
2. 目前校园内环保状况；
3. 你自己的感想和建议。
注意：
1. 可参照图片及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。
2. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3. 作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
As is vividly shown in the picture,
Definitions of literature have varied over time. In fact, it is a “culturally relative definition”. Once in Western Europe, literature indicated all books and writing. During the Romantic period, it began to refer to “imaginative” literature. Nowadays literature is seen as a term used to describe written or spoken material, including all the following.
Poetry uses rhythmic qualities of language to bring out meanings in addition to, or in place of, unimaginative surface meaning. Poetry has traditionally been distinguished from prose(散文) by its being set inverse (颠倒); prose is cast in sentences, poetry in lines.
Novel is typically written in a narrative (叙事) style and presented as a book. Novels tell stories, in which the characters and events are usually imaginary. The novel has been a part of human culture for over a thousand years, although its origins are somewhat debated. Regardless of how it began, the novel has remained one of the most popular and treasured examples of human culture and writing. It remains an essential part of the literary cultures of nearly all societies around the world.
Novella is classified as “Too short to be a novel, too long to be a short story”. There is no precise definition in terms of word or page count. Literary prizes and publishing houses often have their own arbitrary limits, which vary according to their particular intentions.
A short story is different from novels or novellas in that the plot is usually tied to one single chain of events. Because the reader must identify with a character quickly to become engaged, the tale is often told from the chief character’s point of view.
A drama refers to a play for the theatre, television or radio. It generally consists of chiefly dialogue between characters. It also uses dance to convey their message. Dramas usually aim at dramatic performance rather than at reading. In theater, a drama is presented by actors to an audience.
Good literary works depend on literary techniques. A literary technique can be used by authors in order to improve the written framework of a piece of literature, and produce specific effects.
Literary techniques include a wide range of approaches to crafting a work. The ability to let readers know what might happen in the future in an indirect way is possible through the technique foreshadowing. The practice of representing objects and qualities as human beings in literature is personification. Symbolism is the use of symbols to represent ideas.
Literature | |
Definitions of literature | Definitions of literature have kept changing all the time. |
They are connected with 1.__________. | |
Among them are “books and2.__________”, “ ‘imaginative’ literature” and “written or spoken material”. | |
Categories of literature | Poetry, with rhyme, uses unusual word order in lines, which may be a barrier to see what it3.__________. |
A novel takes the form of a book, talking about what is 4.________ up by the writer. | |
The novella, as for length, exists between a 5.________ and a short story. | |
6.___________ from novels and novellas, a short story tells a comparatively simple story. | |
Dramas are 7._________ rather than read, with the ideas expressed either orally or physically. | |
Literary 8._______ | A warning or sign of a future event is given by using the technique called foreshadowing. |
When personification is used, something 9._________ life is treated as if it were a human being. | |
Symbolism is the practice of representing ideas by means of10._________. | |
Ogilvie the detective arrived. Both the Duke and Duchess were extremely nervous.
The Duchess went to the door herself. The detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her. His gaze moved on to sweep the spacious, well-decorated room, and the Duke.
“Pretty neat set-up you’ve got.”Ogilvie said slowly.
The Duchess said sharply, “Imagine you didn’t come here to discuss the decoration.”
“No, Madame. I like nice things, though. Like that expensive car of yours. The one you keep here in the hotel.”
“In what way does our car concern you?”The Duchess had sat in a straight-backed chair.
“Now,” he said.“You two were in the hit-and-run.”
She met his eyes directly. “What are you talking about?”
“Don’t play games, lady. You saw the newspapers. There’s been plenty on radio, too.” Ogilvie’s words spat forth with sudden strength. “You listen to me. This city’s mad — everybody. When they find who killed that kid and her mother, and run away, what will they do? Now I know what I know, and if I do what by rights I should, there’ll be police here. But I come to you first, so you could tell your side of it to me.” The piggy eyes blinked, then hardened. “If you want it the other way, just say so.”
The Duchess—three centuries and a half of in-born pride behind her—did not give in easily. Springing to her feet with great anger, gray-green eyes burning, she faced the detective straightly. Her tone would have frightened anyone who knew her well. “You unspeakable blackguard! How dare you!”
Ogilvie said nothing. But the Duke cut in, “It's no go, old girl, I’m afraid. It was a good try.” Facing Ogilvie, he said, “What you accuse us of is true. I was driving the car and killed the little girl.”
“That’s more like it,” Ogilvie said, “now we’re getting somewhere.”
The Duchess sank back into her chair. She asked, “What is it you know?”
“I’ll tell you, I got a curious nature. You and your wife drove home, you were driving, after a drink. Last night I saw you come in—through the basement, looking shaken, the pair of you. I got wondering why. Like I said, I got a curious nature.”
The Duchess breathed, “Go on.”
“Late last night the word was out about the hit-and-run. I went over the garage and took a quiet look at your car. On your car you got a damaged headlight. There’s plenty of blood.”
“Oh, my God!”A hand to her face, the Duchess turned away.
Her husband asked, “What do you suggest?”
The fat man rubbed his hands together, “Like I said, I come to hear your side of it.”
The Duke said desperately, “What can I possibly say? You know what happened. You’d better call the police.”
“There’s no way bringing back the kid nor her mother. Besides, what they’d do to you, Duke, you wouldn’t like it at all. I was hoping,” Ogilvie said, “that you could suggest something.”
The Duke said uncertainly, “I don’t understand.”
“I understand,” the Duchess said. “You want money. You came here to blackmail(讹诈) us.”
The house detective shrugged(耸肩). “Whatever names you call things, they don’t matter to me. All I come for is to help you people out of trouble. But I’ve got to live too.”
“You’d accept money to keep silent about what you know?”
“I think so.”
“How much do you want?”
The piggy eyes blinked.“Ten thousand dollars.”
“What would we receive in return?”
The fat man seemed puzzled. “Like I said, I keep quiet about what I know.”
“No.” The statement was clear. “We will not pay you.”
Ogilvie’s round face reddened, “Now listen, lady....”
She cut him off. “I won’t listen. Instead, you will listen to me. We won’t pay you $10,000. But we will pay you $25,000. In return, you will drive our car north.”
“$25,000,” she repeated. “$10,000 now. $15,000 more when you meet us in Chicago.”
The fat man’s piggy eyes were focused upon hers. The silence hung. Then, he gave the slightest of nods.
1.The Duke and Duchess were extremely nervous because they ________.
A. knew the detective would harm them
B. were afraid to meet a stranger at night
C. thought the detective would search them
D. had just got involved in a traffic accident
2.By saying “This city’s mad—everybody” Ogilvie wanted to ________.
A. frighten the Duke and his wife
B. ask for money for the victims
C. show concern for the couple
D. punish the law-breakers himself
3.In the eyes of the Duke and Duchess, Ogilvie was _____________.
A. professional, brave but dirty
B. smart, sensitive and helpful
C. greedy, tough but flexible
D. honest, clever and reliable
4.Which of the sentences from Ogilvie defeated the Duchess completely?
A. “Now, you two were in the hit-and-run.”
B. “On your car you got a damaged headlight. There’s plenty of blood.”
C. “Now I know what I know, and if I do what by rights I should, there’ll be police here.”
D. “Last night I saw you come in—through the basement, looking shaken, the pair of you.”
5.The Duchess finally succeeded in ________.
A. protecting their inborn pride
B. turning the disadvantage into a chance
C. make friends with the detective
D. rejecting the detective’s blackmail
The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic (怀旧的) skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful—both in school and in life.
Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks—both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.
In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.
“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”
1.What makes writing by hand a thing of the past?
A. The popular use of smartphones.
B. The absence of blackboard in classrooms.
C. The lack of practice in handwriting.
D. The use of new technologies in teaching.
2.Berninger’s study published in 2009 _________.
A. discussed the importance of writing speed
B. found that good essays are made up of long sentences
C. indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper
D. focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer
3.What does “mind’s eye” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Imagination. B. Soul. C. Picture. D. Window.
4.What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?
A. Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms.
B. Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.
C. Computers can help people with their choice of words.
D. Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.
China is a land of bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country. Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle. Millions of them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I’ve found the opposite is true. There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get around. For many, it’s the easiest and cheapest way to travel today. Bicycles also come in different colors—silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.
It’s fun watching people biking. They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks. Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can’t provide.
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle. Great weather accompanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.
My first ride home was orderly. To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times. I didn’t want to get hit. So I took the ride carefully.
Crossing the streets was the biggest problem. It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.
I finally made it home. The feeling on the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful. I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people. Biking made me feel alive.
1.According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?
A. Because they are traditional and safe.
B. Because they are colorful and available.
C. Because they are convenient and inexpensive.
D. Because they are fast and environmentally friendly.
2.The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended __________.
A. to ride it for fun
B. to experience local skills
C. to use it for transport
D. to improve his riding skills
3.How did the author feel about his street crossing?
A. It was difficlult. B. It was boring.
C. It was lively. D. It was wonderful.
4.Which of the following best describes the author’s biking experience?
A. The author took great pleasure in biking.
B. The author was praised by the other bikers.
C. The author was annoyed by the air while riding.
D. The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.
