Self-esteem is all about how much people value themselves, and how worthwhile they feel. Self-esteem is important because feeling good about yourself can affect how you act. A person who has high self-esteem will make friends easily, is more in control of his or her behavior, and will enjoy life more.
Some teens struggle with their self-esteem when they begin puberty(青春期) because the body goes through many changes. These changes, combined with a natural desire to feel accepted, mean it can be tempting for people to compare themselves with others. They may compare themselves with the people around them or with actors they see on TV or in magazines.
It’s not just development that affects self-esteem, though. Many other factors can affect a person’s body image too.
Family life can sometimes influence self-esteem. Some parents spend more time criticizing their kids and the way they look than praising them, which can reduce kids’ ability to develop good self-esteem.
People also may experience negative comments and hurtful teasing about the way they look from classmates and peers. Sometimes racial and ethnic prejudice is the source of such comments. Although these often come from ignorance, sometimes they can affect someone’s body image and self-esteem.
Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.
The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it comes in. If you’re very worried about your weight or size, check with your doctor to verify that things are OK. But it’s no one’s business but your own what your body is like—ultimately, you have to be happy with yourself.
Next, identify which aspects of your appearance you can realistically change and which you can’t. If there are things about yourself that you want to change and can, do this by making goals for yourself. For example, if you want to get fit, make a plan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.
When you hear negative comments coming from within yourself, tell yourself to stop. Try building your self-esteem by giving yourself three compliments(赞扬) every day. By focusing on the good things you do and the positive aspects of your life, you can change how you feel about yourself.
Title | Body Image and Self-Esteem | |
Why is self-esteem important? | Feeling good about yourself can affect your1._______ and thus you can enjoy life more.
| |
What affects a person’s self-esteem?
| Puberty | 2._______ changes mixed with the desire to feel accepted lead them to make a3._______ with others. |
Outside 4. _______ | ● More criticism from5._______ can reduce kids’ ability to develop good self-esteem. ● Classmates and peers comment on them and6.______ their appearance. | |
Tips for 7.______ your body image | Change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself. ●8. _______ your body as it is despite others’ opinions. ● Make goals to change some aspects of your image if 9. _______. ● Focus on positive compliments10._______ than negative comments from within your heart. | |
1.She hasn’t been seen for four days and we are a__________ about her safety.
2.He was quite a_______ of the danger, but he had no choice but to go ahead.
3.If you have any difficulties, don’t h________ to turn to me. I’m always ready to help you.
4.Nothing can r_______ a mother’s love and care, which are very important to every child.
5.I hope I can make _________(贡献) to our country.
6._______(创建) in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the world.
7.During the war, Germany _________(占领) many countries, including France.
8.Nike is d_______ to leave his hometown, never coming back again.
9.Dictionary is of great b______ when you learn a foreign laguage.
10.We were happy to see that moving to the country and living there peacefully c______ her of the disease.
When women sit together to watch a movie on TV, they usually talk simultaneously（同时的）about a variety of subjects, including children, men, careers and what' s happening in their lives. When groups of men and women watch a movie together, the men usually end up telling the women to shut up. Men can either talk or watch the screen -- they can' t do both -- and they don' t understand that women can. Besides, women consider that the point of all getting together is to have a good time and develop relationships -- not just to sit there like couch potatoes staring at the screen.
During the ad breaks, a man often asks a woman to explain the plot and tell him where the relationship between the characters is going. He is unable, unlike women, to read the subtle body language signals that reveal how the characters are feeling emotionally. Since women originally spent their days with the other women and children in the group, they developed the ability to communicate successfully in order to maintain relationships. For a woman, speech continues to have such a clear purpose: to build relationships and make friends. For men, to talk is to relate the facts.
Men see the telephone as a communication tool for sending facts and information to other people, but a woman sees it as a means of bonding. A woman can spend two weeks on vacation with her girlfriend and, when she returns home, telephone the same girlfriend and talk for another two hours.
There is no convincing evidence that social conditioning, the fact that girls' mothers talked them more, is the reason why girls talk more than boys. Psychiatrist Dr Michael Lewis, author of Social Behaviour and Language Acquisition, conducted experiments that found mothers talked to and looked at, baby girls more often than baby boys. Scientific evidence shows parents respond to the brain bias of their children. Since a girl’s brain is better organized to send and receive speech，we therefore talk to them more. Consequently, mothers who try to talk to their sons are usually pointed to receive only short grunts in reply.
1.While watching TV with others, women Usually talk a lot because they
A. are afraid of awkward silence with their families and friends
B. can both talk and watch the screen at the Same time
C. think they can have a good time and develop relationships
D. have to explain the plot and body language to their husbands
2.After a vacation with her girlfriend, a woman would talk to her again on the phone for hours in order to .
A. experience the happy time again
B. keep a close tie with her
C. recommend her a new scenic spot
D. remind her of something forgotten
3. What does the author want to tell us most?
A. Women' s brains are better organized for language and communication
B. Women love to talk because they are more sociable than men.
C. Men do not like talking because they rely more on facts.
D. Social conditioning is not the reason why women love talking.
4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Women Are Socially Trained to Talk
B. Talking Maintains Relationships
C. Women Love to Talk
D. Men Talk Differently from Women
When you grow up, could you imagine your parents choosing your husband or wife for you? Besides, can you imagine not setting eyes on him or her until your wedding day? This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa. Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own. We don’t realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways—and with different motives.
In many countries, marriage is a practical matter. A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife. It also joins two families, which benefits the couple’s parents and makes them happy. Marriage also brings children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age. Because marriage is important for the whole family, some cultures don’t let young people choose whom to marry.
Just as there are many different reasons for marriage, there are also many different wedding rituals. Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple. In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.” Something old represents the past. Something new represents success in the future. Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family. And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.
In Poland, one wedding tradition is not only lucky, but also very practical. The wedding guests pin money to the bride’s dress while she is dancing. The money is meant to bring luck and to help the young couple build their new life. In Bermuda, the young couple plant a tree in the yard of their new home. Once they move in, they take good care of the tree and make it grow. The planting of the tree is a good metaphor（比喻） for marriage. A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.
1.Which of the following statements does NOT support the idea “marriage is a practical matter”?
A. The husband or wife may have a safe and stable home.
B. A marriage brings children to take care of the couple when they are old.
C. A marriage benefits both the couple’s families.
D. Parents have no duty to help their children get married.
2.The underlined word “ritual” means .
A. methods B. ceremonies
C. behaviors D. performances
3.What can be the subject of this passage?
A. People across the world get married in different ways and for different reasons.
B. Every culture had its own ways of bringing good luck to the young couple.
C. A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.
D. In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.
4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Parents choose a husband or wife for their child in India.
B. In many countries, some cultures don’t let young people choose whom to marry.
C. In Bermuda, the wedding guests pin money to the bride’s dress while she is dancing.
D. Something blue reminds the bride to be true to her husband in western wedding.
“Mind over matter” is an English saying meaning that we can control our bodies with our minds. Now scientists are finding increasing evidence that our mind can have a great effect on our physical health. Since our mind influences how we feel, it’s not true to say if someone is ill just because he feels ill.
The influence of the mind on how well we feel is the basis of what is known as the placebo effect. A placebo (which is Latin for “I shall please”) is a harmless, inactive substance. Patients are sometimes given placebo pills and begin to feel better because they believe that they have been given real drugs and expect to respond to them. The placebo effect is very strong: research on pain suggests that up to 30% of the effect of most painkillers is a placebo effect.
So if it is so powerful, why don’t doctors use it today?
According to Dr Persaud, they really do. “All these things like seeing a doctor, going to a hospital, and being scanned(扫描) have a very strong placebo effect,” he says.
1.According to the first paragraph, if you feel ill.
A. you don’t need to see a doctor
B. it doesn’t necessarily mean that you’re physically ill
C. you are in good condition
D. it is obvious that you suffer from a serious disease
2.The English saying “mind over matter” means that .
A. a sound mind is less important than a good health
B. our mind has a strong effect on our body
C. our physical health has nothing to do with our mind
D. mental health mainly depends on our physical health
3.According to the passage, placebos .
A. may make patients feel worse
B. are not effective pills
C. are not real drugs
D. can relieve all kinds of pains
4.From the passage it can be seen that there will be no placebo effect if a patient .
A. is dressed in white B. has a physical exam
C. takes placebo pills D. sees a doctor
“If it rings one more time, I’ll hang up,” Amy thought hopefully, as she waited for someone to answer. Apologizing wasn’t an easy thing to do.
“Hello,” a woman’s voice said. There was no backing out now.
“May I speak to Missy, please?”
“Just a minute.”
In much less than a minute, Missy was on the phone. “Hi, who’s calling?” asked the cheerful voice.
“It’s Amy. I just wanted to tell you that I’m sorry about what I said to you. I didn’t really mean it.” Amy paused, trying to think of what to say next.
“Thank you, Amy. No hard feelings.”
“Missy, you’re a very nice person. You’re a lot nicer than I am!”
Missy laughed. “You’re not so bad, Amy. By the way, I’ve got some great news. Mr.Grumbell said that you were the only candidate for class president. He talked me into being a candidate, too. Isn’t that cool?”
Amy didn’t think the news was cool. Missy was very popular; she’d get a lot of votes. Fortunately, Amy was in a gracious(亲切的) mood. “You’ll be a tough opponent（对手）, Missy,” she said. “May the best woman win.”
“Thanks, Amy,” Missy replied. “But you might even win.”
Amy had to laugh. “Hey, I’m the one who’s supposed to make comments like that!”
1. Amy called Missy on the phone to .
A. tell her that she was happy
B. tell her she needed a help
C. apologize to her
D. ask her to run for president
2.Amy was hoping that no one would answer the phone because .
A. she was too tired to talk
B. she felt uncomfortable when making apologies
C. she was afraid she had dialed the wrong number
D. she was wearing pajamas
3.Missy let Amy know that she wanted something that Amy wanted. What was it?
A. She wanted to have the most friends.
B. She wanted her own telephone.
C. She wanted mushrooms on her pizza.
D. She wanted to be class president.
