If it really is what’s on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.
Some doctors now think that the internal(内部的) fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.
“Being thin doesn’t surely mean you are not fat,” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College. Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.
According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits(储蓄, 沉淀物)of internal fat, even if they are slim.
Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.
According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.
Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病). They want to prove that internal fat damages the body’s communication systems.
The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no shortcut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.” Bell said.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Internal fat leads to many diseases.
B. Internal fat is of no importance.
C. Thin people may be fat inside.
D. Thin people don’t have diabetes.
2. According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A．Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.
B．People with heart disease all have internal fat.
C．Men are more likely to have too much internal fat.
D．People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.
3.From the last paragraph, we can find that ______.
A．internal fat leading to disease has been proved
B．it is easier to burn off internal fat than external fat
C．thin people usually have internal fat even if they are slim
D．exercise plays an important role in people’s life for keeping healthy
4.The underlined part in the last paragraph means ______.
A. long road B. clear difference
C. short distance D. easy way
请根据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。
Anger, a negative mood, does harm to everyone around you, including yourself. To lead a happy life and have a good relationship with others, learn to control anger.
注意：①无须写标题；
②除诗歌外，文体不限；
③内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例；
④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
⑤词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。
阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
1.Jaime is happy ______ his report last night so he can go to the soccer game with us today. (finish)
Jaime很高兴昨晚完成了报告，今天他可以和我们一起去看足球比赛了。
2.I ______my last exam on the day you arrive here. (take)
你到达这儿的那天，我将考完了我最后一场考试。
3.I ______ him a long time ago. Both his name and face are very familiar. (meet)
我可能很久以前见过他，我对他的名字和面孔都很熟悉。
4.It never occurred to me ______ to start a new life in a strange city.（tough）
我从来没有想到，在一个陌生的城市开始新的生活是多么艰难。
5.So ______ that many in the audience fell asleep. (bore)
这个演讲者如此乏味，以至于听众中很多人睡着了。
6.Hearing the alarm, Mr. Smith immediately directed us to rush out of the classroom, ______ on the desk. (leave)
听到警报声，Smith先生立即引导我们冲出教室，不管摊开在课桌上的书。
7.If it hadn’t been for the encouragement of her English-speaking friends, Pham ______ so fluent in English now. (be)
要不是她那些讲英语的朋友们的鼓励，Pham现在的英语不会如此流利。
8.Unless properly ______ right away, this kind of disease will spread throughout the country very soon. (deal)
如果不立即得到恰当地应对，这种疾病会很快蔓延到全国。
9.A reason ______ large cities from small towns is to find jobs. (move)
一些人从小镇搬迁到大城市去的一个原因是找工作。
10.It was not until she arrived home ______ the appointment with her doctor. (remember)
直到回到家里，她才记起她和医生的预约。
The United States government is back in business. Early Thursday morning, President Barack Obama signed a bill to reopen the government. The budget bill, drafted by Senate late on Wednesday night, raised the government’s debt ceiling and averted(避免)a serious economic crisis. “With the shutdown behind us,” Obama said after the Senate vote, “we now have an opportunity to focus on a sensible budget that is responsible, that is fair and that helps hardworking people all across this country.”
Now that a settlement has been reached, formerly furloughed(休假)employees have returned to work, national museums and parks are reopening, and the government’s gears are slowly beginning to turn again.
Before the shutdown, a federal funding bill went back and forth between the Senate and the House. A major issue was whether or not the government would pay for changes in Obama’s healthcare plan. The Senate, with a Democratic majority, wanted to pass a budget that would fund the new healthcare law. But the House, which has a Republican majority, did not want government money used that way. Because an agreement could not be reached on a budget plan, the government was forced to partially shut down.
Sixteen days later, the two sides have come together to pass a measure that raised the country’s debt ceiling. The debt ceiling is the strict legal limit Congress places on the amount of money that can be borrowed each year. Had this agreement not been met by October 17, the U.S. may not have been able to pay its promised payments. This legislation, or law, will fund the government through January 15. During this time, Obama and Congress will work on a long-term spending plan.
The effects of the two-week government shutdown were widespread. In addition to national parks, museums, memorials and monuments were off-limits to visitors. Workers at government-run organizations like NASA and the Environmental Protection Agency were furloughed. Part of the new legislation will pay back the 800,000 workers who were without pay during the shutdown.
Early Thursday, the Smithsonian Institution celebrated the government’s reopening on Twitter. “We’re back from the shutdown!” they wrote, announcing that museums would reopen Thursday and the National Zoo in Washington on Friday.
To the delight of many people, that also means the return of the zoo’s popular live Panda camera.
1.What may have lead to the government shutdown?
A. Economic crisis.
B. The senate voting.
C. Dispute on the budget bill.
D. Lazy people across the country.
2.What does the underlined phrase “two sides” in paragraph four refers to?
A. The senate and the house.
B. The senate and the president.
C. The president and the congress.
D. The legislator and the government.
3.What can we learn about the U.S. Government from the shutdown?
A. It is run by lazy workers.
B. It is affected by different political forces.
C. The people has no say in the decision making process.
D. Obama decides whether his health care bill will be passed or not.
4.In mentioning the live Panda camera, the author suggests that ______.
A. zoos were government-run
B. pandas were popular among the public
C. the effects of the shutdown were widespread
D. tourists were affected the most by the shutdown
For as long as they can remember Jynne Martin and April Surgent had both dreamed of going to Antarctica. This winter, they each made it to the icy continent as guests of the National Science Foundation (NSF). But they didn’t go as scientists. Martin is a poet and Surgent is an artist. They went to Antarctica as participants in the NSF’s Artists and Writers program. The NSF is the government agency that funds scientific research in Antarctica. But it also makes it possible for artists, including filmmakers and musicians, to experience Antarctica and contribute their own points of view to our understanding of the continent.
The mixing of science and art in Antarctica isn’t new. Some of the earliest explorers brought along painters and photographers. Edward Wilson was a British painter, doctor, and bird expert who journeyed with Robert Falcon Scott on two separate Antarctic expeditions more than 100 years ago. Herbert Ponting was a photographer who also accompanied Scott on one of those expeditions. In hundreds of photos, Ponting captured the beauty of the continent and recorded the daily lives and heroic struggles of the explorers.
Today’s scientists write articles for scientific journals. Unlike the early explorers’ journals, scientific papers can now be very difficult for non-scientists to understand. Writers in Antarctica work to explain the research to the public. Peter Rejcek is editor, writer, and photographer for the Antarctic Sun, an online magazine devoted to news about the U.S. Antarctic Program. Rejcek began his career in the Antarctic in 2003 by spending a year at the South Pole. He has returned every year since, interviewing scientists about research at Palmer, McMurdo, and South Pole stations.
There are also scientists in Antarctica who work hard to explain their research to the public. Scientist Diane McKnight wrote The Lost Seal, a children’s book that explains the research she and others are doing in an unusual ice-free area in Antarctica called the Dry Valleys.
Antarctica is full of stories and wonders that are scientific, historical, and personal. People such as Martin, Surgent, Rejcek, and McKnight are devoted to bringing those stories to as many people as they can. “Some people are going to be scientists, some people are going to be journalists, some people are going to be artists, but we can all work together,” says Surgent, “to celebrate this extraordinary place.”
1.What do we know about the NSF?
A. It is a government agency.
B. It only funds scientists in Antarctica.
C. It encourages the understanding of human nature.
D. It enables the mixing of science and art for the first time.
2.Why didn’t some earliest explorers bring writers along?
A. Writers were not funded at that time.
B. Writing can’t capture the beauty of the continent.
C. Writers were not interested in popularizing science.
D. Early explorers’ journals can be easily understood by the public.
3.By mentioning Diane McKnight, the author may try to suggest that ______.
A. scientists should explain their research to children
B. writers are not necessary since scientists can tell stories as well
C. telling stories to children is more important than knowing the truth
D. no matter what role we play, we can work together to appreciate Antarctica
4.What would be the best title for this article?
A. Antarctica: A Land for All
B. The NSF: A Program for All
C. Antarctica: A Land of Beauty and Stories
D. The NSF: A Program for Artists and Scientists
Ocean animals have been getting bigger over the last half-billion years. Not a little bigger. Not even a lot bigger. They have mushroomed gigantically, scientists now conclude.
Their new finding lends support for something known as “Cope’s rule.” It holds that animals tend to evolve into species that are much larger than their distant ancestors. This hypothesis(假说)takes its name from the 19th century paleontologist Edward Drinker Cope. While studying fossils(化石), he was the first to notice this trend.
Noel Heim is a paleontologist at Stanford University in Palo Alto, Calif. He also is a co-author of the new study. His team compared the body size of animals between the Cambrian Period and modern times. This was a span of 542 million years. The animals studied included species from more than 17,000 genera. They ranged from ancient trilobites, plesiosaurs (extinct reptiles with a long neck and flippers) and many less familiar creatures to today’s whales and clams.
Ocean animals today are an average of 150 times larger than they were during the Cambrian, Heim’s group reports. The smallest animals alive today — tiny crustaceans called ostracods — are only about one-tenth the size of the Cambrian’s tiniest animals. But today’s largest ocean animals — whales — are more than 100,000 times bigger than the biggest in the Cambrian.
“Classes of animals that were already big … tended to live longer,” Heim says. They also tended to change more than classes of animals that were small did.
The size gains in ocean animals are much larger than would be expected by chance, says Jonathan Payne. He’s a co-author who also works at Stanford.
The scientists don’t know what drives the trend. One possibility is an arms race(军备竞赛)between predators and prey. The idea here is that larger animals are less likely to become some other animals’ meal. Another possibility has to do with oxygen. Land animals evolved from species that started in the ocean. Some of these land animals eventually returned to the ocean. And they kept the ability to breathe oxygen-rich air. That may have made it easier for them to outgrow animals that had to filter(过滤)their oxygen out of the water.
1.What current animals may best illustrate “mushroomed” in paragraph one?
A. Plesiosaurs. B. Ostracods.
C. Whales. D. African Elephants.
2.What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The result of the study.
B. The participants of the study.
C. The significance of the study.
D. The targeted animals of the study.
3.The ocean animals’ change in size ______.
A. is determined by environment
B. cannot be predicted by any factor
C. is fully explained by the new study
D. relates to the size of their ancestors
4.In the last paragraph, the explanations for the trend suggest that ______.
A. bigger animals will never be eaten
B. land animal can get oxygen more easily
C. oxygen is important to all ocean animals
D. land animals can grow bigger than ocean animals
