In our modern 
world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a
new one.
The is that countries around the world have growing mountains of because
People are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we a throwaway society ? First of all, it is now easier to an object than to spend time and money to repair it. modern manufacturing and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and .
Another cause is our of disposable(一次性)products. As people we are always looking for to save time and make our lives easier. Companies thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also to the problem. We are buying new things.
Advertisements persuade us that is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To the amount of rubbish and to protect the , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. , this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possession throwing them away.
We also need to rethink our attitudes about . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
1.A. problem B. reason C. project D. key
2.A. gifts B. rubbish C. debt D. products
3.A. face B. become C. observe D. change
4.A. hide B. control C. replace D. withdraw
5.A. Thanks to B. As to C. Except for D. Regardless of
6.A. safe B. funny C. cheap D. powerful
7.A. love B. lack C. prevention D. division
8.A. sensitive B. kind C. brave D. busy
9.A. ways B. places C. jobs D. friends
10.A. donate B. receive C. produce D. preserve
11.A. adapts B. returns C. responds D. contributes
12.A. tired of B. addicted to C. worried about D. ashamed for
13.A. newer B. stronger C. higher D. larger
14.A. pick up B. pay for C. hold onto D. throw away
15.A. advantages B. purposes C. functions D. consequences
16.A. show B. record C. decrease D. measure
17.A. technology B. environment C. consumers D. brands
18.A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. meanwhile
19.A. by B. in favour of C. after D. instead of
20.A. spending B. collecting C. repairing D. advertising
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most people buy a lot of gifts just before Christmas. But some people think we buy too much.
They have started a special day called Buy Nothing Day. 1. .
Buy Nothing Day is November 29. It’s 25 days before Christmas. It’s after Thanksgiving and often the first day of Christmas shopping. 2. .
The idea for Buy Nothing Day started in Vancouver, British Columbia. 3. In California, Parents, and children get together to read stories, sing songs, and paint pictures. The children talk about why they don’t need a lot of toys. This year, in Manchester, England, people dressed up in costumes to tell people that we buy too much.
In Albuquerque, New Mexico, high school students., wanted to tell other students about Buy Nothing Day. They organized a spaghetti dinner to give people information about Buy Nothing day. 4. They made posters and talked to other students about it. 5. The students at high schools liked the idea of this new tradition. Next year, they want to have another dinner to tell more people about Buy Nothing Day！
A. They asked restaurants in the neighborhood to donate the food
B. At this time, we see ads in Newspapers and, on TV telling us to “buy, buy, buy！”
C. Buy Nothing Day has successfully persuaded people not buy anything.
D. Many people think highly of the idea of Buy Nothing Day.
E. They don’t want anyone to go shopping on that day.
F. Now people all over the world celebrate Buy Nothing Day.
G. The dinner was a big success, and many students agreed not to buy anything on November 29.
On May 23,1989, Stefania Follini came out from a cave at Carlsbad , New Mexico．She hadn’t seen the sun for eighteen and a half weeks ．Stefania was in a research program, and the scientists in the program were studying body rhythms （节奏）。In this experiment Stefania had spent 130 days in a cave ,30 feet in depth．
During her time in the cave, Stefania had been completely alone except for two white mice．Her living place had been very comfortable ,but there had been nothing to feel her the time ．She’d had no clock or watches , no television or radio．There had been no natural light and the temperature had always been kept at 21℃
The results were very interesting. Stefania had been in the cave for over four months, but she thought she had been there for only two. Her body clock had changed. She hadn't kept to a 24hour day, she had stayed awake for 20～25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours. She had eaten fewer meals and had lost 171 bs in weight as a result!She had also become rather depressed (抑郁).
How had she spent her time in the cave?As part of the experiment she'd done some physical and mental tests. She'd recorded her daily activities and the results of the tests on a computer. This computer had been specially programmed for the project. Whenever she was free, she'd played cards, read books and listened to music. She'd also learned French from tapes.
The experiment showed that our body clocks are affected by light and temperature. For example, the pattern of day and night makes us wake up and go to sleep. However, people are affected in different ways. Some people wake up naturally at 5:00 am, but others don't start to wake up till 9:00 or 10:00 am. This affects the whole daily rhythm. As a result, the early risers are at their best in the late morning. The late risers, on the other hand, are tired during the day and only come to life in the afternoon or evening!
1.Stefania stayed in the cave for a long time because___________．
A．she was asked to 
do research on mice
B．she wanted to experience loneliness
C．she was the subject of a study
D．she needed to record her life
2.What is a cause for the 
change of Stefania’s body clock?
A．Eating fewer hours
B．Having more hours of sleep
C．Lacking physical exercise．
D．Getting no natural light．
3.Where does the text probably come from?
A．A novel． B．A news story．
C．A pet magazine． D. A text
Welcome to the future. It’s year 2050 and Scotland is now powered completely by“clean”energy.
Homes have entire roofs made of solar materials, rooms are kept warm by wallpaper, and people go to and from work in electric and hydrogen( 氢) cars.
Oil is still being found in the North Sea, but it’s not now only used to keep aircraft flying. And a new 500---mile underwater link with Iceland has been built to catch heat from the hot springs. There’s still a role for king coal—but the black diamonds are now environment---friendly.
People will be able to import the electricity they need and export any excess(超过的量) they make through rooftop windmills(风车). New technology will store electricity better and provide it on demand. Heat exchangers will provide heating and hot water.
Harmful carbon dioxide waste is being piped offshore to St Fergus and from there into some of the remaining oil—producing fields to be stored safely without entering the atmosphere. Gas remains the preferred energy source of industry and is now shipped in liquid form. But hydrogen is imported through pipelines from France and from a geothermal (地热的) plant in Iceland.
Hydrogen—fuelled cars have become popular
. Electric bikes are common in cities using the new urban two—wheel network. Electric vehicles have become common, and their performances have been improved because of the developments in electrical drive technology like high—temperature super conducting motors. Many people leave their vehicles in a giant park where they can be recharged from the national electrical system . Oilseed rape (油菜) is widely grown to fuel some motors .
1.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. The hot springs B. Oil
C. Coal D. Oil and coal
2.Which sources of energy play a more important role in people’s daily life in the future ?
A. Oil and coal
B. Hydrogen and gas
C. Electricity and gas
D. Solar energy and wind
3.The means of transport people use in 2050 do not include__________.
A. windmills B. electric bikes
C. hydrogen—fuelled cars D. aircraft
4.The passage is written to tell us in the future_____________.
A. life will be better and better
B. the energy will become cleaner and cleaner
C. people will use some new sources of energy
D. people will pay more attention to the environment
Recently, a study was carried out to determine who was the greatest American president．Sixty-five presidential historians took part in it, and they judged the past forty-two American leaders based on ten leadership qualities, including public persuasiveness(信服), crisis leadership, management of the economy, moral leadership, and conduct of international relations．The historians also looked at administrative ability (管理能力), relations with Congress, ability to set goals, and the pursuit of equal justice for all．Finally, the experts took into consideration the historical period in which the president lived．
The historians chose Abraham Lincoln as American’s greatest president．He had also been named best president in a similar study in 2000．Abraham Lincoln was the president who led the nation through the Civil War in the 1860s, and was able to unit
e it in the end．He also took the first steps to abolish slavery in America．
Edna Medford, a professor of history at Howard University in Washington, D.C., was an adviser on this study and the earlier one．She says Abraham Lincoln is seen to represent the values the nation most honors, such as truthfulness, moderation, and respect for human rights．
The historians put American’s first president, George Washington, second on the list, while Franklin D．Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt, and Harry Truman follow in that order．John F．Kennedy, the country’s first Roman Catholic president, is sixth on the list．Like Lincoln, Kennedy was murdered while in office．
Among recent presidents, Ronald Reagan was named the tenth best and Bill Clinton rated fifteenth, while the historians put former president George W．Bush at number thirty
-six．His father, George H.W．Bush, did much better, being placed at number eighteen．
1.We learn from the text that ___________．
A．this is the second time that Abraham Lincoln has been chosen as America’s greatest president
B．Edna Medford didn’t take part in the study conducted in 2000．
C．George H.W．Bush was thought to have done worse in office than George W．Bush
D．Harry Truman was rated the fourth-best president by the study
2.Which of the following belong to the ten leadership qualities considered?
a．Being able to persuade the public
b．Taking effective measures during a financial crisis．
c．Balancing home life and career．
d．Pursuing equal justice for all．
A．a,b,c B．b,c,d C．a,b,d D．a,c,d
3.Who is rated worst among the following four presidents?
A．John F．Kennedy B．George Washington
C．Bill Clinton D．George W．Bush
4.The text is mainly about ________．
A．the ten qualities a great president needs
B．a study of American presidents
C．the values the American nation honors most
D．how Abraham Lincoln improved the country
The London Eye is a giant 135---meter tall Ferris wheel situated on the banks of the River Thames in the British capital. Since 20 January 2011, it has been officially known as the EDF Energy London Eye following a three---year dea
l with the company. It is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe, and the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom, visited by over 3.5 million people every year. The London Eye is located at the western end of Jubilee Gardens, on the South Bank of the River Thames In the London Borough of Lambeth in England, between Westminster Bridge( which has longer history th
an the famous Severn Bridge to the west of London) and Hungerford Bridge. When erected in 1999, it was the tallest Ferris wheel in the world, until surpassed first by the 160 m Star of Nanchang in 2006, and the 165m Singapore Flyer in 2008. A breathtaking feat of design and engineering, passengers in the London Eye’s capsules can see up to 40 kilometers in all directions. The London Eye is the vision of David Marks and Julia Barfield, a husband and wife architect team. The wheel design was used as a metaphor for the end of the 20th century, and time turning into the new millennium(千禧年). Back in 2000, the London Eye was known as the Millennium wheel. In 2009, a 4D Film Experience was added as a free extra to enjoy before your ride on the Eye. Once you get high enough and start coming down the other side, you will see people reach for their cameras. Here’s where the good stuff is right at your fingertips(or seems so). Parliament and Big Ben are beneath you, as are so many other historical things . If you are interested in other attractions in
London, you can refer to the homepage.
1.Which of the following statements is NOT correct ?
A. It is so popular that every year, more than 3.5 million people visit the London Eye.
B. London Eye is called the 
EDF Energy London Eye from 2011 because the company bought it.
C. It is designed by David Marks and Julia Barfield, a husband and wife architect team.
D. It is 135---meter tall and is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe.
2.What cannot be seen from the London Eye ?
A. The beautiful sights of the River Thames.
B. The Westminster Bridge.
C. The famous Seven Bridge.
D. Big Ben
3.We can infer from the passage that___________.
A. London Eye is the third tallest Ferris wheel in the world.
B. London Eye was named the Millennium Wheel at first.
C. London Eye is free of charge, and that's why so many people come here.
D. Before your ride on the London Eye, you can first enjoy a 4D film now.
4.You can find this passage_________.
A. in a magazine B. in a newspaper
C. from a guidebook D. on a website
