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完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从...

完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的ABCD四个选项,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In the 1450s Johannes Gutenberg, a Gennan printer, developed a new printing press(印刷机)。Then single letters could be ______ in lines to create a page of text.  The letters were made of metal.Each one could be ______ to different parts of the press,depending on which words were_______  on a certain page. This was one of the most important _______ in the history of pringting.

_______, most books had been created by copying out text by hand. The____of a single book would take many hours or even days. With the Gutenberg press, ______ could be printted in several seconds, and many copies of books could be created in a few hours.

Gutenberg's printing press was not so much an i_______, however, as an improvement of developing technologies. The Chinese were the first to use wooden blocks(木刻版),as early as the 8th century. Then great _____was made around 1040. The movable type was invented by Bi Sheng in China. European _______the printing methods centuries later. Another contribution to Cutenberg`s system also come from the East,______.The Chinese invented paper using ______materials,including old clothes. The kind of the inexpensive paper was introduced into Europe in 1000 or so. This kind of paper was ____for the new European printing presses,______it took in the only ink required for the metal type.

Printing soon became an important ____in a rapidly growing world. By 1500,nearly 35,000 books were in print worldwide. But the printing press did not ______a lot for a long time. In the 19th century , however, iron _______wood in the press`s framework. And paper became______in continuous rolls rather than more expensive single pieces. Steam engines _____the speed at which the press ran. In the late 1900s,the introduction of better presses greatly _____the time it took to turn ideas into books.

1.A.used        B. put          C. read          D. written

2.A.shown      B.turned       C. moved         D. added

3.A.needed      B. lost         C. collected    D. found

4.A.challenged  B. studies      C. discoveries   D. developments

5.A.Recently    B. Immediately  C. Previously    D. Finally

6.A.discussion B. production   C. instruction   D. preparation

7.A.pages       B. ideas        C. models        D. characters

8.A.attraction  B. expressin    C. competition   D. invention

9.A.accident    B. research     C. progress      D. situation

10.A.believed    B. followed     C.tested        D. required

11.A.paper      B. wood         C. letters       D. metal

12.A.fine       B. thin         C. heavy         D. cheap

13.A.useless     B. special      C. good          D. impossible

14.A.as           B. although     C. until         D. unless

15.A.fashion    B. industry     C. trick         D. belief

16.A.apply      B. help         C. work          D. change

17.A.replaced   B. controlled   C. became        D. protected

18.A.necesary    B. available    C. normal        D. valuable

19.A.reached     B. limited      C. increased     D. kept

20.A.made        B. allowed      C. wasted        D. reduced

 

1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.D 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.D 【解析】 1.B.考查动词辨析A. used使用;B. put放;C. read读;D. written写;句意:然后这些单一的字母被排列成行制成一个文本。Put sth in lines把。。东西排列成行,故选B项。 2.C考查动词辨析A. shown 展示;B. turned 转过来;C .moved 移动;D. added 增加;句意:根据版面对于他的需要,每个字母可以移动到不同的地方。根据句意可知每个字母都可以移动,故选C项。 3.A考查动词辨析A. needed需要;B. lost失去;C. collected收集;D. found发现;句意:根据版面对于他的需要,每个字母可以移动到不同的地方。根据句意选A项。 4.D考查名词辨析A. challenges B. studies研究;C. discoveries发现;D. developments发展;句意:这是印刷史上最重要的发展之一。根据第一句话In the 1450s Johannes Gutenberg, a Gennan printer, developed a new printing press可知选D项。 5.C考查副词辨析A.Recently最近;B .Immediately立刻;C. Previously先前地;D. Finally最后地;句意:以前,许多的书可以能过手来进行抄写。根据语境可知在讲述以前的事情,故选C项。 6.B考查名词辨析A.discussion讨论;B. production生产;C. instruction说明;D. preparation准备;句意:一本书的生产会花费数小时甚至一天的时间。根据上文提到most books had been created by copying out text by hand可知选B项。 7.A考查名词辨析A.pages页;B. ideas想法;C .models模型;D. characters角色;句意:用这种印刷机,在几秒钟内能打许多页,在几小时内就可印刷数本书。根据句意可知在几秒钟内印数页,再由页数构成书,故选A项。 8.D考查名词辨析A.attraction吸引;B. expressin表达;C. competition比赛;D. invention发明; 句意:古腾堡印刷术做为一项科技的发展并不是一项发明。根据下方提到The Chinese were the first to use wooden blocks(木刻版),as early as the 8th century.可知选D项。 9.C考查名词辨析A.accident事故;B. research研究;C. progress进步;D. situation状况; 句意:然而比古腾堡印刷术早1040年。Make progress取得进步,故选C项。 10.B考查动词辨析A.believed相信;B. followed跟随;C. tested检测;D . required 要求 句意:毕升发明活字印刷术,数世纪后欧洲也紧随其后。 11.A考查名词辨析A.paper纸;B. wood木头;C. letters信;D .metal金属;句意:古腾堡另外一个贡献就是纸。根据下方提到The Chinese invented paper,故选A项。 12.D考查形容词辨析A.fine好的;B. thin瘦;C. heavy 重的;D. cheap便宜的;句意:中国发明了纸,用便宜的原料,包括旧衣服。根据下方提到The kind of the inexpensive paper was introduced into Europe in 1000 or so.可知选D项。 13.C考查形容词辨析A.useless无用的;B. special 特别的;C. good 好的;D. impossible不可能的;句意:这种纸有利于欧洲印刷术的进步。Be good for 对。。有好处,故选C项。 14.A考查连词辨析A.as由于;B .although虽然;C. until 直到;D. unless 除非; 句意:因为它适用于这种金属类型的印刷的油墨。两个句子之间是因果关系,故选A项。 15.B考查名词辨析A.fashion时尚;B .industry工业;C .trick 技巧;D. belief信念;句意:印刷很快成为这个快速发展的世界的重要的工业。根据句意可知印刷成为一项产业,故选B项。 16.D考查动词辨析A.apply 申请;B. help 帮助;C. work工作;D. change改变;句意:但印刷术在很长时间内并没有改变。根据but可知表示转折,故选D项。 17.A考查动词辨析A.replaced代替;B. controlled控制;C. became成为; D. protected 保护;句意:到了19世纪,铁代替木头在印刷中的框架作用。根据语境时代在发展,技术越来越先进,故选A项。 18.B考查形容词辨析A.necesary必要的;B. available可达到的;C. normal正常的;D. valuable有价值的;句意:纸变得更便宜。根据文中提到rather than more expensive single pieces而不是更贵的纸张,故选B项。 19.C考查动词辨析A.reached到达;B. limited限制;C. increased增加;D. kept保持;句意:蒸汽机增加印刷的快速发展。根据语境可知蒸汽机的发明加速印刷的发展,故选C项。 20.D考查动词辨析A.made制作;B. allowed 允许;C. wasted浪费;D. reduced减少;句意:到20世纪,更先进印刷术的引进减少把想法变成书的时间。
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第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短语内容,从短文后的奇特选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

People often say you never get a second chance to make a first impression, and that's actually quite true.    __1.__After all, making a good first impression is all about making others feel good when spending time with them.The following tips will help you make a positive impression every time.

Dress appropriately

_2._That means dressing up or putting on nice, clean, situation-appropriate clothes for social situations.It isn't difficult and it doesn't have to cost you much, either.

Be aware of your body language

Words express very little of what you say.Body language can tell someone a lot about your mood and confidence level.__3.__Eye contact is an easy way to make others feel comfortable, important and special.Nervous body language can make others uncomfortable and anxious.Try to be aware of your body language when communicating with others.

Respect the opinions of others

Not everyone will have the same opinion with you, and friendly disagreements can be a gateway to a great conversation.Respect other people's right to have their own opinion.Respect the opinions of others even if you disagree with them._4.__

●__5.__

People love talking about themselves, but generally, you want to be careful of taking over the conversation.By listening carefully to what others are saying, you are not only making them feel important, but you can gather cues you need to keep the conversation going and bridge to new topics.

A.Be a careful listener.

B.Show an interest in every person you meet.

C.Smile especially when first meeting someone.

D.Make sure you look nice whenever you meet someone new.

E.Meeting new people and starting conversations is often challenging.

F.Others will want to be with you and help you make a good impression.

G.Don't force others to believe what you believe or to see things only as you see them.

 

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D

The world is filled with smart,talented and gifted people.We meet them every day.A few days ago,my car was not running well.I pulled it into a garage,and the young mechanic had it fixed in just a few minutes.He knew what was wrong by simply listening to the engine.I was amazed.The sad truth is,great talent is not enough.

I am constantly shocked at how little talented people earn.I heard the other day that less than 5 percent of Americans earn more than $100,000 a year.A business consultant who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors and dentists struggle financially.It was this business consultant who gave me the phrase,“They are one skill away from great wealth.”

There is an old saying that goes,“Job means ‘just over broke(破产)’”.And unfortunately,I would say that the saying applies to millions of people.Because school does not think financial intelligence is intelligence,most workers“ live within their means”.They work and they pay the bills.Instead I recommend young people to seek work for what they will learn,more than what they will earn.

When I ask the classes I teach,“How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonald’s?” almost all the students raise their hands.I then ask,“So if most of you can cook a better hamburger,how come McDonald’s makes more money than you?” The answer is obvious: McDonald’s is excellent at business systems.The reason why so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systems.The world is filled with talented poor people .They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger.

1.The author mentions the mechanic in the first paragraph that    

A.he is just one of the talented people

B.he is ready to help others

C.he has a sharp sense of hearing

D.he knows little about car repairing

2.The underlined part in the third paragraph can be best replaced by   

A.spend more than they can afford

B.do in their own way

C.live in their own circle

D.live within what they earn

3.Why do talented people earn so 1ittle according to the author?

A.They don’t work hard enough

B.They lack financial intelligence

C.They don’t make full use of their talents

D.They have no specialized skills.

4.The main purpose of the author is to tell us         

A.how young people can find a satisfactory job

B.what schools should teach students

C.why so many talented people are poor

D.how McDonald’s makes much money

 

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C

It’s illegal for the police to attach a GPS unit to your car without your permission, as the U.S. Supreme Court settled in 2012. But if the police are in hot pursuit of a bank robber or other escaping criminals that threaten public safety, a GPS tracker is acceptable. But exactly how can the police GPS track a  car that is moving fast?

The answer to that question comes from StarChase, a new police technology being used by a small-but growing number of law enforcement agencies. It allows the police to fire 4.5-inch glue-covered GPS bullet-like projectiles (发射体) from an air gun fixed in their police cars. If the GPS tracker makes contact with the escaping robber’s car, it’ll stick no matter how fast the vehicle is going.  That way, the police will have a constant read on the car’s location and heading. Aside from simply apprehending (逮捕) criminals, it’s believed this new technology could help save lives. If the police successfully fire a GPS unit at a speeding criminal, they can pull back from a high-risk chase. Chases can be incredibly dangerous to all involved, including innocent bystanders and other drivers. Once the GPS bullet connects, there’s no need for the chase any longer.

Now, predictably, a GPS-loaded gun isn’t cheap. Police departments need to pay about $5,000 per vehicle for the technology, and individual GPS bullets cost as much as $250 each. That may sound expensive, but remember: The alternative is often thousands of dollars in property damage, and great human cost in injury and lost life. According to Star Chase, their GPS bullet system has an apprehension rate of 80% without any report of injury or property damage. If you’d like to learn more about the StarChase system, Popular Mechanics has just published a good article about it. There’s also plenty more information available at the company’s website.

1.When the GPS bullet sticks to the escaping robber’s car, the police can______ .

A. know the car’s condition

B. ensure the robber’s safety

C. play a fair game with the robber

D. know the car’s position and direction

2.The GPS bullets could help save lives mainly because

A. the bullets won’t hurt people

B. they can make the robber’s car stop

C. the police can stop the dangerous chasing

D. they have more advantages than normal bullets

3.From the text we can learn that GPS bullets

A. are useful for the police

B. are widely used in America

C. can control the rising crime rate

D. can replace the police in the future

4.In which part of a newspaper can we read the text

A.Life    B.Nature     C.Fashion    D.Technology

 

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B

However urban life strikes you, cities worldwide have been growing every day。However urban life strikes you, cities worldwide have been growing ever more rapidly. Some of this growth has occurred in the developed world, but the most dramatic increase has been in the Third World. Almost all the world’s population growth over the next 30 years will take place in the cities of developing countries

By the year 2030, for the first time in history, 60 percent of the world’s people will be living in cities.

This is actually good news in some ways. “Cities are the fundamental building blocks of prosperity,” says Marc Weiss, chairman of the Prague Institute for Global Urban Development, both for the nation and for families.” Industrial and commercial activities in urban areas account for between 50 and 80 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) in most countries of the world“ there’s the crazy notion that the way to deal with a city’s problems is to keep people out of them,”Weiss continued. “But the problems of the rural life are even more serious than those of the city.” For better or worse, urban-watchers are clear on one point: The quality of life for most people in the future will be determined by the quality of cities. Those cities will be bigger than ever. And yet, population numbers by themselves don’t determine a city’s prospects; after all, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Hamburg, Germany, have the same population. Nor is explosive growth necessarily the determining factor. “City problems,” one authority points out, “mostly have to do with weak, ineffective, and usually unrepresentative city governments.”

1.In the author’s opinion, _________.

A.better city, better life

B.both urban and rural areas have a larger population

C.the larger population, the faster a city develops

D.both urban and rural areas have larger gross domestic products

2.Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?

A.The developing countries develop faster than the developed countries.

B.Cities contribute more to the GDP than the villagers.

C.Some problems are more easily solved in cities than in country.

D.It’s impossible to solve urban problems by getting people out of cities.

3.The last paragraph implies that ____________.

A.Public services are ineffective.

B.Cities are increasing too fast.

C.Population is not linked with development.

D.Government should be responsible for the problems in the cities.

 

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书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华,向在你校学习的美国交换生Adam借了一本英文小说,但不慎丢失,一时又买不到。请给他写电子邮件,说明情况。要点包括:

1. 表示歉意;

2. 说明物品丢失的经过;

3. 提出可能的解决方案。

注意:

1. 词数100左右;

2. 可适当增加细节使行文连贯;

3. 开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。

Dear Adam,

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

 

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