The name sounds funny but the idea is no joke: it’s a personal toilet called the pee-pool, Anders Wilhelmson, a Swedish architect, is the inventor of the pee-pool.
He became interested in the idea of sanitation(卫生设施) after taking part in a research project on the social and political development of cities, One of the most common problems he found in developing countries was the lack of toilets, He wanted to do something to help, So working with others, he started the project in 2005, and the next year started a company called Peepoolple.
The toilet is a single—use bag made of environmentally friendly plastics, The inside is treated with urea （尿素）, a chemical commonly used as fertilizer, The hotter the weather, the more quickly the waste turns into what is needed by plants The sanitation process can be as soon as a couple of hours or as long as two to four weeks ,You can just bury it in a pot and grow whatever you like.
The company expects to start selling the bags in August in Kenya and Bangladesh, But it is just beginning production and sales in Nairobi now, Full production could reach about half a million bags a day and people may be able to buy the pee-pool in countries Vietnam, Bangladesh, etc.
The United Nations says more than two and a half billion people around the world do not have good sanitation .Many have no choice but to use the outdoors, which is not only bad for the environment ,but also harmful to people’s health, Each year, poor sanitation leads to three fifths of those people getting an infectious disease which on average causes one out of 1,000 patients to die.
Jack Smith, the founder of the World Toilet Organization, says “This is quite an unacceptable situation given the fact that we are living in the modem world, And strangely, many of them own televisions, phones but have no toilet.”
1.What was the original purpose of Anders Wilhelmson in starting the company?
A. To protect the local environment
B. To earn a lot of money from the project
C. To do research on the social development
D. To help solve the problem of lack of toilets in developing countries
2.What can be learned about the pee-pool from the passage?
A. It can be used over again
B. Its sanitation process doesn’t last long
C. It works better in summer than in winter
D. It should be buried in a pot after being used
3.The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably refers to
A. the outdoors being damaged
B. many places being shout of toilets
C. many people having TVs and phones
D. many people getting an infection disease
If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned the hard way.
What’s in the name?
Sometimes the problem is the name. When General Motors introduced its Chevy Nova into Latin America, it overlooked the fact that Nova in Spanish means “It doesn’t go”. Sure enough , the Chevy Nova never went anywhere in Latin America.
Translation problems
Sometimes it is the slogan that doesn’t work. No company knows this better than Pepsi-Cola, with its “Come alive with Pepsi!” campaign. The campaign was so successful in the United States , Pepsi translated its slogan literally for its international campaign. As it turned out , the translations weren’t quite right. Pepsi was begging Germans to “Come out of the grave(坟墓)” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors(老祖宗) back from the grave.”
A picture’s worth a thousand words
Other times, the problem involves packaging. A picture of a smiling baby has helped sell countless jars of Gerber baby food. When Gerber started selling baby food in Africa, they used the same packaging as in the US, with the smiling baby on the label. Later they learned that in African countries , the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.
Twist of fate
Even the culture and religious factors and pure coincidence can be involved . Thorn McAn shoes have a Thorn McAn “signature” inside. To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country , this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country , feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.
1.From the text we learned that _________.
A. Chevy Nova was brought in Latin America
B. General Motors did the best market research of all companies
C. Pepsi still sold well in China owing to the translation problems
D. the “Come alive with Pepsi” campaign worked well in the US
2.What was “Gerber’s problem”?
A. A translation problem
B. Cultural factor
C. Religious factor
D. The picture on the jar
3.For what reason were Thorn McAn shoes turned down in Bangladesh?
A. They are not designed attractively
B. Their advertisements are not persuasive
C. A signature looking like the word Allah was in the shoes
D. Problem for Thorn McAn was the company’s name
4.What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Lessons from some large corporations.
B. How to make use of advertisements
C. The importance of market research
D. The importance of packaging
Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder, it controls everything we say, do or think, who we are and what we care about. The way we walk or laugh or figure out things. What we like and the talents we possess. How we see and talk and run and jump and process our food.
The brain uses 20 percent of our body’s oxygen and 20 percent of its blood. Somewhere within its protein, fat, 100,000 miles of blood vessels and 100 billion nerve cells, it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes. Change our temperature so we don’t die because of the heat or cold. Speed us up or slow us down. Help us choose between orange juice or orangeflavored drinks.
Its complexity are stunning, far beyond anything most of us can imagine. To keep this work of art as polished as possible we need to eat right, exercise and keep mentally stimulated. Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other. Exercise stimulates a hormone in our brain that improves memory. Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age.
“It’s very important that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active,” said neurologist Malcolm Stewart. “People cannot stop aging, but you’re able to reduce the damage; you’re able to keep the function up.”
Following are Dr. Stewart’s advice for improving brain health：
Nutrition | Avoid fast food. Follow the old adage(格言): For breakfast, eat like a king; for lunch, like a queen; for supper, like a beggar. |
Exercise | Do a combination of stretching aerobic and musclestrengthening every day. |
Mental games | Try to have a sense of hope about the future. Do puzzles. Listen to music. Reach out to others to make their lives better. |
1.The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______.
A. inform us how the brain works
B. give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy
C. tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives
D. show how special the brain is to us
2.The underlined word “stunning” means ______.
A. interesting B. strange
C. significant D. amazing
3.According to the text, more exercise ______.
A. keeps our mind sharp
B. helps improve our memory
C. gives our brain a rest
D. is good for brain cells communicating with each other
4.In order to keep brain healthy, we should avoid ______.
A. eating a good lunch B. doing puzzles
C. eating a large supper D. taking aerobic exercise
Whenever we do something wrong, Jesus Christ sees it. He loves us and doesn’t say it. Perhaps he’s wondering how long we’ll keep our mind suffering. A little boy named Johnny was visiting his grandparents on their farm and he was given a slingshot(弹弓) to play with out in the woods. He for some time but he could never hit the target he had set for himself. Getting a little , he walked back to the farmhouse for dinner. As he was _ back, he saw Grandpa’s pet duck. Just out of , he let the slingshot fly , hitting it in the head ,and killed it. In a panic, he the dead duck in the woodpile, only to see his sister Sally be watching him. Sally had seen all this, but she said _ _ . After lunch that day Grandma said, “Sally, it’s your turn to wash the dishes.” But Sally said, “Grandma, Johnny told me he wanted to help in the kitchen.” And then she spoke _ to him, “Remember the duck？” So Johnny did the dishes. Later that day, Grandpa asked if wanted to go fishing, but Grandma said, “I’m sorry but I need Sally to help me make supper.” But Sally just smiled and said, “Well, that’s all right because Johnny told me he was too to help you. And she whispered again, “Remember the duck?” So Sally went fishing and Johnny to help make supper. After several days of doing both his and Sally’s, Johnny finally couldn’t it any longer. He came to his Grandma and told her that he had killed the duck .Grandma smiled and gave him a big __ . “Sweetheart, I know. You see, I was watering the flowers at the window I saw you shoot my duck with the slingshot, and I saw the whole thing. But because I love you, I you. I was just wondering how long you would let Sally _ of you.”
In reality, no matter how __ or how uncomfortable it is to admit our wrongdoing, we should always choose to it and work it through instead of running away from it. Hard as it is, it us and makes us who we are.
1.A. promoted B. exercised C. practiced D. consumed
2.A. delighted B. upset C. amazed D. scared
3.A. running B. rushing C. heading D. leaving
4.A. sympathy B. pride C. impulse D. politeness
5.A. hung B. presented C. protected D. hid
6.A. should B. shall C. must D. might
7.A. nothing B. everything C. something D. anything
8.A. loudly B. softly C. guiltily D. innocently
9.A. Sally B. Johnny C. the children D. Grandma
10.A. reluctant B. willing C. curious D. cautious
11.A. kept up B. held back C. left behind D. stayed behind
12.A. chores B. homework C. games D. sports
13.A. accept B. stand C. withdraw D. allow
14.A. hug B. blow C. reward D. award
15.A. whereas B. as C. while D. when
16.A. appreciate B. admire C. forgive D. force
17.A. put the blame B. make friends C. put pressure D. make a slave
18.A. doubtful B. grateful C. harmful D. painful
19.A. reject B. control C. face D. witness
20.A. develops B. shapes C. ruins D. prepares
---Tom, what a pity. I almost succeeded yesterday.
---I told you to be careful before. ___________
A. One false step will make a great difference.
B. Where there’s life, there’s hope.
C. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
D. One tree does not make a forest.
The young member made several proposals, none of __________ considered practical or acceptable.
A. them B. which C. it D. what
