Death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases --- clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death
A. his most important organs are damaged.
B. he still has the possibility of getting back to life.
C. he can not avoid final death.
D. he is still very much alive
2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to
A. slow down the body’s metabolism.
B. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.
C. cool the organism.
D. delay the coming of biological death.
3. How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death?
A. By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blood.
B. By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood.
C. By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.
D. By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.
4. All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state except the fact that
A. her heart beat again.
B. she regained her normal breath.
C. she rejected a penicillin injection.
D. she acted as lively as a healthy monkey.
A
THIS WEEK’S TOURS of CATTY SHACK
Thursday, January 8, 2015—Daytime Tours
Hours: 1:00~4:00 PM, last admittance at 3:15 PM
Admission: Adults: $10
Children (3~11): $5
2 & Under: Free
Purchase Tickets:
Tickets may be pre-purchased up to 24 hours prior to the event by using the button below. Tickets may also be purchased at the ranch—cash, credit Visa, Mastercard & Discover are accepted forms of payment at the ranch. Tickets cannot be exchanged or money refunded. No reservations required.
Enjoy a leisurely, guided tour of our sanctuary and see all the residents (Siberian tigers, lions, cougars, black leopards, a bobcat, a coatimundi and foxes)! Tours last approximately 45 minutes.
Saturday, January 10, 2015—Night Feeding Tours
Hours: Gates open at 6:00 PM. Tours from 6:00 PM -7:00 PM. Last admittance at 7:15 PM. Feeding begins at 7:30 PM.
Admission: Adults: $15
Children (3~11): $10
2 & Under: Free
Purchase Tickets:
Tickets may be pre-purchased up to 24 hours prior to the event by using the button below. Tickets may also be purchased at the ranch — cash, credit Visa, Mastercard & Discover are accepted forms of payment at the ranch. Tickets cannot be exchanged or money refunded. No reservations required.
Enjoy a guided tour of all the residents (Siberian tigers, lions, cougars, black leopards, a bobcat, a coatimundi and foxes) at our sanctuary! Tours begin at 6:00 PM and leave approximately every 15 minutes. Tours last about 45 minutes and include a viewing of all our residents, as time allows, along with facts about the animals. To see the feeding, we suggest everyone arrive at the ranch by 7:15 PM to allow for adequate time for check-in and walking to the feeding point. At 7:30 PM, you will get to watch over 450 pounds of meat distributed throughout the sanctuary! Get ready to see their “wild” side — there’s sure to be plenty of roaring!
To learn about more upcoming tours, you can click on the calendar event listing for full details.
1. A couple with his son aged 6 who will attend Daytime Tours on January 8 will pay ______.
A. $10 B. $15 C. $ 20 D. $25
2. From the text, we can know all EXCEPT ______.
A. admission cost B. event description
C. special comments D. visiting hours
3. Which of the following about Night Feeding Tours on January 10, 2015 is WRONG?
A. Tickets are non-refundable.
B. Visitors can feed the animals in person.
C. Guide is available during the tours.
D. Visitors can’t be allowed in after 7:15 PM.
4. Where can you find the text?
A. On the website. B. In the textbook.
C. In the magazine. D. On the poster board.
假定你是李华，对中国传统医药很感兴趣。你获悉中国药学家屠哟哟因发现了青篙素被授予2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。请给你的美国朋友David发一封邮件分享此消息。信件须包括以下内容：
心情：骄傲和激动。
评价：她找到了治疗疟疾的方法，数千万人从中受益。
志向：立志考入屠哟坳的母校北大，造福人民。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好。
参考词汇：
1．药学家：pharmacologist
2.青篙素：artemisinin
3. 2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖：The 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
4.疟疾：malaria
Dear David,
短文改错：（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假段定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（
），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
In the past, my hometown was very small. People there lived poor life and the houses.were very old and shabby, even some of which were shaking in the wind. As for the traffic，it was very inconvenient that almost no tourists came.
However, there has been many changes in my hometown until now . Life has become better．The houses become larger and brighter，but more people get their own cars. Everywhere is decorated with green trees and beautiful flowers and grass. What's more，thousands of tourist from the world came here every year, that is really splendid. I believe my hometown will become more and more developed and beautifully. Everything in it will represent the advancing science and technology. At the same time，I will always keep it in my mind that my hometown must be greater in the future.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you have sleeping problems？Then these tips may help you fall asleep fast.
Set aside the thought 1. you have to fall asleep. The more you think 2. it, the more you can't sleep.
The foods you eat also play 3. important part. Avoid eating or drinking foods or things like chocolates, coffee, tea and energy drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon, 4. (especial) before going to bed. Don't eat too much at night ft full stomach will make you more difficult 5. (fall) asleep because your body is working～time to digest the food you ate.
Make a 6. (fix) time when to go to bed. For example, by 9 o'clock in the evening you should already be in bed. Do this even if you're not sleepy yet. Once 7. (follow) this routine, you will gradually See that you feel 8. (sleep) when it's 9 o'clock.
Make your room comfortable for sleeping. You should also take note that the sleeping environment also affects you sleep. It must be in the room 9. it's not noisy. Dtherwise, you-will find 10. difficult to fall asleep again after waking up.
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We waiters need to face all kinds of customers every day. When something goes wrong, we should have the ability to keep on going and ________ the customers.
I remember my first job was at a fine restaurant. One day, the manager informed all the cooks and ________ that a VIP group were coming for ________ ．The group were VIPs in the city's restaurants Indus ________ 10 people.
After they arrived, we let them get ________ comfortably and drinks were ordered. ________ , the head waiter would be the person in ________ of wine service. However, the manager asked me to serve that noon. I had never served a group of 10, ________had I done wine service.
When it's turn to ________ one of the wine glasses in front of a young woman, somehow I lost my trip(抓）and the other ________ fell on top of her, and then to the floor and ________ in pieces. I felt ________and apologized many times to the woman and to the rest of the group.
Quickly, the manager ________ my aid, helped in the clean-up, and sent out their ________right away. The group forgave me and the young woman repeatedly informed me it's OK.
________ on that day, my manager told me, "Mistakes and ________ do happen. If you know why they happened, learn from it and move on, ________ you still have a table to serve. Keep your head up and be confident. The glasses are ________．"
I understand why he was truly a well respectable restaurant manager within our ________ ．His close relationship with the group made the situation calm and the group ________ me for that.
1.A. please B. attract C. invite D. welcome
2.A. cookers B. servants C. waiters D. cleaners
3.A. meal B. dinner C. breakfast D. lunch
4.A. made up of B. let in as C. added up to D. recognized as
5.A. satisfied B. seated C. dressed D. introduced
6.A. Quickly B. Rapidly C. Normally D. Naturally
7.A. charge B. change C. honor D. favor
8.A. never B. ever C. little D. nor
9.A. set B. broke C. shook D. cut
10.A. wine B. glasses C. coffee D. cookers
11.A. laid B. lay C. lain D. lied
12.A. amazing B. surprised C.frightened D. scaring
13.A. took over B. gave in C. rushed against D. came to
14.A. dishes B. drinks C. waters D. wines
15.A. Lately B. Latest C. Later D. Last
16.A. accidents B. faults C. incidents D. errors
17.A. owing to B. thanks to C. while D. for
18.A. available B. acceptable C. replaceable D.repeated
19.A. restaurant B. neighbor C. district D. city
20.A. blamed B. forgave C.thanked D. praised
