阅读下面材料，在空白处填上适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的适当形式。
Nowadays, the ice bucket challenge is among the ___1.___ (hot) mews of all. It is an activity ___2.___ (hold) by an American charity organization. It not only helps the sick people to get the money to heal the disease, but also makes more and more people aware _3.___ the disease, so that they can give more care to the patients.
Ice bucket challenge is like the epidemic (流行病 ), __4.__becomes popular around the world in__5.___ time. The starter holds the activity, __6.___(hope) people can experience the ALS patients’ pain. In the activity, people need to pour the ice water down from their heads, and then propose another three people. They can either choose to accept the challenge___7._ donate 100 dollars, or do the both.
The ALS makes people’s muscles become hard. It is hard for the patients to move. Stephen Hawking is one of the _8.__(suffer). Ice bucket challenge is _9.___great success and until now, a big donation __10.___ ( receive).
完形填空
When Alice started to cycle home from Jenny’s house, she wasn’t nervous. She was certainly not afraid of the dark. ______, it was only a 15-minute ride home. But halfway there, she began to wish that she hadn’t been so ______.
As she rounded a sharp bend, it suddenly _____ cold — very cold. Alice’s breath became puffs of white cloud and her legs were so cold that it became hard to ride.
With her heart beating fast, she struggled so hard to move ____ that she didn’t hear the car which suddenly appeared beside her. She stopped by the road. The big black car also ______. Slowly, the passenger-window began to slide down. Alice held her breath. In the soft light inside the car, something______. Then, the light brightened and Alice was staring at a sweet, grey-haired old lady. “Hello, dear, ” said the old lady. “I need _____. I’m afraid I’m lost. I need to find the nearest airport. I must be there in the next five minutes. ”
“Airport? You ______ are lost, ” Alice said. “You need to go back five kilometers ______ you reach the T-junction. Turn left and ______ for about another 10 kilometers to the main highway. From there, just follow the _____ to the airport. But I’m afraid there’s no ______ you’ll get there in five minutes!”
“Thank you very much, dear, ” replied the old lady. “Don’t worry — I’ll ____ in time. ”
The _____ moved up and the car started off. A little way ahead, it ______ and with headlights flashing, it drove past Alice. But then, something _____ happened. The car began changing. First, its color ______ from black to silvery-grey. Then, the wheels began disappearing, but the car continued to move forward, ______ just above the ground. As the car _____ into the dark sky, the big red tail-lights grew larger and larger and glowed more and more brightly. With a faint whistling ______, the car was gone in seconds, leaving Alice shaking her head in disbelief…
1.A. however B. Therefore C. Besides D. Otherwise
2.A. excited B. brave C. curious D. stubborn
3.A. fell B. seemed C. proved D. grew
4.A. aside B. around C. forward D. backward
5.A. arrived B. stayed C. stopped D. started
6.A. gathered B. existed C. moved D. dropped
7.A. gas B. help C. rest D. water
8.A. necessarily B. normally C. basically D. certainly
9.A. if B. until C. unless D. as
10.A. march B. walk C. follow D. drive
11.A. address B. signs C. notices D. guidance
12.A. doubt B. room C. time D. way
13.A. have it B. get it C. make it D. finish it
14.A. door B. window C. headlight D. wheel
15.A. passed B. rushed C. turned D. continued
16.A. strange B. sensitive C. imaginable D. horrible
17.A. developed B. appeared C. spread D. faded
18.A. rolling B. floating C. drawing D. flashing
19.A. pointed B. returned C. broke D. rose
20.A. tune B. voice C. sound D. tone
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有两项为多余选项。
How can I fight laziness?
Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
___1.____ . Many people lack sleep constantly, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. __2.____
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations(诱惑) that surround them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child to promote responsibility. __3.___
__4.____ Spouses(配偶) and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. To fight household laziness, lead by example. Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
____5.__ enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A. Knowing how to fight laziness is important.
B. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.
C. Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
D. Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.
E. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
F. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.
G. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
Very soon a computer will be able to teach you English. It will also be able to translate any language for you，too. It's just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors - those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as "silicon chips". So give up going to classes, stop buying more textbooks and relax. In a couple of years you won't need the international language of English.
Already Texas Instruments in the United States is developing an electronic translation machine. Imagine a Spanish secretary, for example, who wants to type a letter from the boss to a businessman in Sweden. All he or she will have to do is this: first type the letter in Spanish. The letter will appear on a television screen. After a few seconds the translated letter will appear on another television screen in Stockholm in perfect Swedish.
And that's not all. Soon a computer will be able to teach you English, if you really want to learn the language. You'll sit in front of a television screen and practice endless structures. The computer will tell you when you are correct and when you are wrong. It will even talk to you because the silicon chips can change electrical impulses into sounds. And clever programmers can predict the responses you, the learner, are likely to make.
So think of it．You will be able to teach yourself at your own pace．You will waste very little time，and you can work at home．And if after all that，you still can't speak English，you can always use the translating machine．In a few years，therefore，perhaps there will be no need for BBC Modern English，or BBC English by Radio programmes - no more textbooks or teachers of English．Instead of buying an exciting new textbook，the computer will ask you to replace it with a microprocessor．Fast，reliable and efficient language learning and translating facilities will be available to you．Think of that，no more tears or embarrassing moments．One little problem is that a computer can't laugh yet - but the scientists are working on it．Happy learning！
1.According to the writer, "you won't need the international language of English" because _____.
A. learning English will no longer be a difficult task
B. textbooks are no longer necessary
C. it's better to buy a computer than to go to classes
D. the computer will be able to translate any language for you
2.You will _____ if you use a computer to learn the language.
A. waste much of your time
B. speak better English
C. need no translating machine
D. do everything at your own pace
3.This passage is mainly about _____
A. someone who learns English with the help of a computer
B. the computer teaching the language
C. fast, reliable and efficient language learning
D. what language learning could be like when computerized
Caffeine not only gives us a daily jump start, but new research suggests it also can strengthen long-term memory.
According to the US Food and Drug Administration, nearly 90 percent of people worldwide consume about 200 milligrams of caffeine each day. That' s equivalent to about one strong cup of coffee a day. Writing in " Nature Neuroscience" , Johns Hopkins University researchers say their findings show that caffeine strengthens certain memories for up to 24 hours after being taken in.
" We've always known that caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects (促智效果) , but its particular effects on strengthening memories and making them resistant to forgetting has never been examined in detail in humans, " said senior author of the paper Michael Yassa. " We re- port for the first time a specific effect of caffeine on reducing forgetting over 24 hours. " Conducting a double-blind trial, the researchers worked with a test group of people who didn't regularly consume caffeinated products. Five minutes after studying a series of images, the test subjects were given either a placebo(无效对照剂) or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet.
To check the caffeine levels of their test subjects, the research team took saliva samples (唾液样品) from them before they took their tablets and again one, three and 24 hours afterwards.
Both groups of test participants ( those who took the placebo and those who took the caffeine tablet) were tested the following day to see if they could recognize the images they' d seen the previous day.
The test included showing the test subjects another series of images that included some new images , those that were shown the previous day, as well as other images that were similar, but not the same as those they had viewed earlier.
The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new images as " similar" to previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same.
"We also know that caffeine is associated with health and longevity(长寿) and may have some protective effects from cognitive decline like Alzheimer' s disease (阿尔茨海默症). " said Yassa.
1.The purpose of the new research is ____________.
A．to examine caffeine ' s memory-strengthening effects in detail
B．to write the paper " Nature Neuroscience"
C．to prove caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects
D．to survey how much caffeine people consume a day
2. During the research , the researchers did the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．giving the test subjects placebos or caffeine tablets
B．checking the caffeine levels of the test subjects
C．showing the test subjects series of images
D．encouraging the test subjects to drink more coffee
3. How did the test subjects show the caffeine ' s memory-strengthening effects?
A．By taking the caffeine tablets instead of placebos.
B．By recognizing images they ' d seen the previous day.
C．By identifying the new images as the same.
D．By telling the differences between new images.
4.What will the next part of the text possibly talk about?
A．Ways to achieve health and longevity.
B．The harmful effects of cognitive decline.
C．The treatment for Alzheimer' s disease.
D．The effects caffeine has on health.
Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But a years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.
So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired?
Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional(情绪的) attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired Joy Satisfaction No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated---those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
1.What surprised the scientists a few years ago?
A. Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborer’s blood.
B. The brain could work for many hours without fatigue.
C. Albert Einstein didn’t feel worn after a day’s work.
D. A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue toxins.
2. According to the author, which of the following can make sitting workers tired?
A. Challenging mental work. B. Endless tasks.
C. Physical labor. D. Unpleasant emotions.
3. Which of the following is properly used to describe the author’s attitude to the scientists’ idea?
A. He hesitates to accept them. B. He doubts them.
C. He argues against them. D. He agrees with them.
4. It is implied in the passage that in order to stay energetic, sitting workers need to ___________.
A. enjoy their work B. have some good food.
C. exercise regularly D. discover fatigue toxins
