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短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。...

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Mr. Smith, our English teacher, works hard. Every day, he spends too much time with his work. With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him very ill. “He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Smith. I was eager to see him, but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down. Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.

 

1.with→on 2.去掉so 3.have→has 4.healthy→health 5.which→what 6.加a 7.her→his 8.step→stepped 9.picture→pictures 10.many→much 【解析】 试题分析:本文讲述了作者去看望辛勤工作劳累过度而病倒的老师时,看到老师在病床上看着我们照片,明白了老师和学生思念老师一样在思念学生们。 1.with→on 考查介词。 固定短语:spend …..on ……把。。。。花费在。。。。。,所以用on。 2.去掉so 考查连词。 因为without短语做的是伴随状语,后面该跟简单句所以不需要有连词so,所以去掉so。 3.have→has 考查动词时态。考查主谓一致,句子主语是hard work,是单数,所以谓语动词应用单数形式,故用has。 4.healthy→health考查名词。因为前面是物主代词his,应该修饰名词,而healthy是形容词,故用health 5.which→what考查关系词。这是一个表语从句,which:哪一个不合适,改成what,是what引导表语从句,what在从句中做主语,意为:。。。的话,用what。 6.加a 考查冠词。固定短语:pay a visit to 拜访。。。,故加a。 7.her→his 考查代词。本句应该是在约翰逊老师的房间外面,约翰逊,男名,所以改成his,用his。 8.step→stepped 考查动词时态。前面有时间状语yesterday afternoon,所以用stepped。 9.picture→pictures 考查名词。some of the + 复数名词,用pictures。 10. 固定短语 as much as 和…同样地,修饰动词表程度,用much。 考点:考查了动词、介词、代词、名词、形容词、时态等的用法 【学法指导】 在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类: 1. 名词单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第79小题some of the picture,应该是some of the + 复数名词的结构,故用pictures。 2. 动词:时态和语态,常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时,中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象;或是及物动词后无宾语,或是不及物动词后加了宾语;需要接ing形式的接了to,或相反等。 3. 形容词副词:常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反;关系副词where, when, why等的缺失或错用。He has ruined his healthy.因为前面是物主代词his,应该修饰名词,而healthy是形容词,故用health。 4. 介词:主要是介词的多余或缺失,错用。比如71小题he spends too much time with his work,spend …..on ……把。。。。花费在。。。。。是固定搭配。 5. 主谓一致性:第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。Hard work have made him very ill,句子主语是hard work,是单数,所以谓语动词应用单数形式,故用has。 6. 冠词:定冠词the的多余或缺失,如季节,月份,星期,球类及三餐活动,称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。 7. 数词:主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。 8. 连词:不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so),或相反等等。 9. 代词:主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格,主格或相反,关系代词的错用或缺失。比如第77小题outside her room I stopped,约翰逊,男名,所以改成his 10. 常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。
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阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式

The Amber Room   1. (put) up in 1709. It used to belong   2.  Frederick William I, the first King of Prussia. Peter the Great fell in love with the room on a visit, and in 1716 the King of Prussia sent it to Peter the Great as a gift.

The Amber Room was shipped to Russia in 18 large boxes and put in the Winter Palace in St Petersburg as a part of a European art collection. It was first open in 1746 in the Winter Palace,   3.  it was housed till 1755. In 1755, Czarina Elizabeth ordered the room   4. (move) to the Catherine Palace in Pushkin. An Italian 5.  (art) Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli redesigned the room to fit into its new larger space,   6.  (use) extra amber from Berlin.

7.  seems hard to believe that boxes of several tons of amber could go missing, and many historians have tried to solve the mystery. Most of them believe 8.  the boxes were destroyed in the Second World War. One of the more extreme theories is that Stalin 9.  (actual) had a second Amber Room and the Germans stole a fake (赝品).

The history of the new Amber Room, at least, is known for sure. The reconstruction (重建),   10.  was based largely on black and white photographs of the original Amber Room, began in 1979 at Tsarskoye Selo and was completed 25 years later.

 

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完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a       reason, such as your job or your studies?        perhaps you’re interested in the        , films or music of a different country and you know it will help a lot to have a ________of the language.

Most people learn best using a variety of ________  , but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They ________ an environment where you can practice under the ________ of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead   ________  lives and learning a language takes ________ . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a ________  . It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but knowing about it takes   ________ .

Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too ________  , they say. Yes, children do learn languages more ________ than adults,but research has shown that you can learn a language at any   ________ . And learning is good for the health of your brain too. I’ve also heard people ________ about the mistakes they make when ________  . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes ________ you’re much less likely to make them again.

Learning a new language is never   ________. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be ________ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in ________ own language. Good luck!

1.A. practical       B. physical     C. political     D. cultural

2.A. Though           B. After        C. Or            D. So

3.A. agriculture      B. literature   C. transport     D. medicine

4.A. view             B. form       C. database      D. knowledge

5.A. principles      B. methods     C. paintings    D. computers

6.A. respect          B. protect      C. provide      D. change

7.A. command         B. guidance     C. control       D. pressure

8.A. simple          B. busy         C. normal        D. happy

9.A. courage          B. energy       C. place         D. time

10.A. habit           B. project      C. business      D. design

11.A. a lot less      B. a lot more  C. some notes   D. some risks

12.A. weak          B. nervous      C. tired        D. old

13.A. privately    B. quietly      C. quickly      D. closely

14.A. distance       B. age          C. speed       D. school

15.A. quarrel         B. think       C. worry         D. debate

16.A. learning        B. bargaining  C. singing      D. working

17.A. but             B. before       C. if           D. and

18.A. easy           B. hard         C. tiresome      D. interesting

19.A. devoted         B. deserved    C. amazed        D. blamed

20.A. our             B. their       C. your         D. His

 

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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Forgiveness

Forgiveness is a quality that is difficult to possess. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.

1.  Try the following steps:

Calm yourself.   2. You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.

Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way.

  3.  Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.

Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain. Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.

4. If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender’s point of view.

Don’t forget to forgive yourself.   5.  But it can rob you of your self-­confidence if you don’t do it.

A. How should you start to forgive?

B. Why should you forgive?

C. Try to see things from your offender’s angle.

D. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.

E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.

F. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.

G. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress­management technique.

 

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Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.”

For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley’s wife tried to hit Mumbet’s sister with a spade(铁锹). Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Angry, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet turned to a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起诉) for her freedom.

While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts laws. If the laws said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom—the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new law.

Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She refused and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her spirit lived on in her many generations. One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founder of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.

Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own area she had no superior or equal.”

1.What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?

A. She was born into a rich family.

B. She was a slaveholder.

C. She was born a slave.

D. She had a famous sister.

2.What did Mumbet do after the trial?

A. She founded the NAACP.

B. She went to live with her grandchildren.

C. She continued to serve the Ashleys.

D. She chose to work for a lawyer.

3.What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new constitution?

A. How to be a good servant.

B. How to apply for a job.

C. She should always obey her owners’ orders.

D. She should be as free and equal as whites.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. A trial that shocked the whole world.

B. The life of a brave African American woman.

C. A story of a famous writer and spokesperson.

D. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave.

 

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Newborns begin to develop language skills long before they begin speaking. And, compared to adults, they develop these skills more quickly. People have a hard time learning new languages as they grow older, but babies have the ability to learn any language easily.

For a long time, scientists have tried to explain how such young children can learn the complicated grammatical rules and sounds of a language. Now, researchers are getting a better idea of what’s happening in the brains of the tiniest language learners. This new information might help kids with learning problems as well as adults who want to learn new languages. It might even help scientists who are trying to design computers that can communicate like people do.

Most babies go “ma ma” by 6 months of age, and most children speak in full sentences by age 3. For many years, scientists have wondered how the brains of young children figure out how to communicate using language. With help from new technologies, scientists are now finding that babies begin life with the ability to learn any language. They get into contact with other people, listen to what they say and watch their movements very closely. That is why they quickly master the languages they hear most often.

Studies show that, up to about 6 months of age, babies can recognize all the sounds that make up all the languages in the world. Starting at around 6 months old a baby’s brain focuses on the most common sounds it hears. Then, children begin responding only to the sounds of the language they hear the most.

In a similar way older babies start recognizing the patterns that make up the rules of their native language. For example, English children who are about 18 months old start to figure out that words ending in “-ing” or “-ed” are usually verbs, and that verbs are action words.

1.The new research in the second paragraph can be helpful in _____.

A. finding successful language learners

B. teaching kids with learning problems

C. designing human-shaped computers

D. improving babies’ language ability

2. The researchers found out that babies learn a language mainly by _____.

A. repeating the words of other people

B. remembering the full sentences they hear

C. hearing and closely watching others speak

D. figuring out the meaning of different sounds

3.The purpose of the text is to _____.

A. discuss           B. educate

C. inform            D. Entertain

 

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