Question

Are you a compulsive (强迫性的) spender, or do you hold on to your money as long as possible? Are you a bargain hunter? Would you rather use charge accounts than pay cash? Your answers to these questions will reflect your personality. According to psychologists, our individual money habits not only show our beliefs and values, but can also stem from past problems.

Experts in psychology believe that for many people, money is an important symbol of strength and influence. Husbands who complain about their wives’ spending habits may be afraid that they are losing power in their marriage. Wives, on the other hand, may waste huge amounts of money because they are angry at their husbands. In addition, many people consider money a symbol of love. They spend it on their family and friends to express love, or they buy themselves expensive presents because they need love.

People can be addicted to different things — for example, alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. They are compulsive in their addictions, i.e. they must satisfy these needs to feel comfortable. In the same way, according to psychologists, compulsive spenders must spend money. For people who buy on credit, furthermore, charge accounts are even more exciting than money: in other words, they feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasures in spending enormous amounts are actually greater than those they get from the things they buy.

There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason.

It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business: they consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, etc. in their advertising and sales methods.

Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy(疗法)” to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money: they give them “assignments”. If a person buys something in every store that he enters, for instance, a therapist might teach him self-discipline in this way: on the first day of his therapy, he must go into a store, stay five minutes, and then leave. On the second day, he should stay for ten minutes and try something on. On the third day, he stays for fifteen minutes, asks the salesclerk a question, but does not buy anything. Soon he will learn that nothing bad will happen to him if he doesn’t buy anything, and he can solve the problem of his compulsive buying.

1.If you use charge accounts, ______.

A. you pay in cash

B. you pay with credit card

C. you pay less than you should

D. you pay more than you should

2.Compulsive bargain hunters buy things for all the following reasons except that ______.

A. the things they buy are cheap

B. they believe they can balance their budgets

C. they get psychological satisfaction

D. they really need the things they buy

3.Behavior therapy in this case aims at ______.

A. helping businessmen to increase their business

B. helping compulsive spenders to buy less

C. finding out how people will react if they are allowed to buy

D. finding out what people will do in front of a bargain

4.The underlined word “those” in Paragraph 3 refers to ______.

A. different things B. their addictions

C. their pleasures    D. charge accounts

5.From the passage we can conclude that ______________.

A. how you spend money reflects if you are psychologically healthy

B. money is a necessity and will bring you happiness if you have much

C. compulsive buying problems can be solved by taking some medicine

D. all businessmen understand well the psychology of customers

Answer

1.B

2.D

3.B

4.C

5.A

【解析】

试题分析:文章讲述的是不同的消费方式和消费习惯能反映出消费者的性格特征和不同的心理需求。

1.B细节理解题。根据第一段第一，二行Would you rather use charge accounts than pay cash?可知要么用现金支付要么用账户支付，即用信用卡支付，故选B。

2.D细节理解题。根据第五段Compulsive bargain hunters，however，often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap可知会买那些便宜但用不上的东西，所以买的东西不是自己需要的，故选D。

3.B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Soon he will learn that nothing bad will happen to him if he doesn’t buy anything, and he can solve the problem of his compulsive buying. 可知这个疗法治为了帮助人们解决强迫性购物，即帮助他们买的更少，故选B。

4.C词义猜测题。根据Their pleasures in spending enormous amounts are actually greater than those they get from the things they buy.可知他们花大量金钱的乐趣实际上比他们从买到的东西那得到的乐趣更多。所以是乐趣与乐趣相比，即pleasure，故选C。

5.

考点：考查社会现象类短文阅读