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Thousands of hungry birds left the count...

Thousands of hungry birds left the countryside of Britain in the bitter winter to find food and warmth in urban gardens. The move included species such as the redwing and the fieldfare, almost unknown outside rural areas

The hard situation of farmland birds has been revealed in the latest survey of bird populations from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds released today.

The redwing has an obvious stripe over the eye and a red flash on the flanks (侧翼), while the fieldfare has a grey head, a peach under­belly, and a distinctive dark band on the tail.

Graham Madge, the society's spokesman, says, “For many urban birdwatchers the sight of these striking species is a real treat. Many people have never imagined there being such an amazing chance.”

“Frozen ground prevented them from getting food in the countryside and they have been saved from starvation in towns,” he added.

He says the unusual sight this year somewhat tempered the frustration felt at the suffering of small garden birds such as robins and wrens. These birds are sensitive to cold and must eat almost continuously to stay alive. Data from people who took part in the society's Big Garden Birdwatch recorded sightings in 280,000 gardens during the last weekend of January, with the goldcrest down 75 percent, the long­tailed tit down 27 percent, and the coal tit down 20 percent. The study highlighted the need for food to be left out for birds during winter.

The redwing and the fieldfare are relatively unknown outside the eastern part of the country. The research shows, however, that they moved to the other side of the country where the climate is generally mild in winter and that many for the first time have reached Cornwall and Isles of Scilly. The number of redwing sightings was up 185 percent, those of the fieldfare 73, and of the yellowhammer 68.

Another surprise garden “guest” this year was the blackcap. This robin­sized, silver­grey bird was rare in Britain 50 years ago, but increasing numbers now arrive each year from Germany and Austria.

1.How did the urban birdwatchers probably feel when seeing the hungry birds?

A. Excited.      B. Worried.

C. Annoyed.      D. Motivated.

2.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “tempered”?

A. Prevented.      B. Relieved.

C. Explained.      D. Increased.

3.According to the passage, Cornwall is perhaps ________.

A. a village in eastern Britain

B. a city in western Britain

C. a village in western Britain

D. a city in eastern Britain

4.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. The tough living conditions of some British birds.

B. The various species of Britain's garden birds.

C. The changes of some bird's population in Britain.

D. Unusual bird visitors in Britain's urban gardens.

 

1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 【解析】 试题分析:文章由乡村不为人知的鸟类到城市觅食取暖引出话题,对这些鸟的行为展开讨论。 1.A 推理判断题。根据第四段“For many urban birdwatchers the sight of these striking species is a real treat. Many people have never imagined there being such an amazing chance.”对许多的城市观鸟者来说,看见这些吸引人的种类的鸟是一个真正的视觉盛宴。许多人从未想象过会有这样令人惊奇的机会。可以推知,人们是感到惊讶激动的。故选A。 2.B词义猜测题。第六段第一句话the unusual sight this year somewhat tempered the frustration felt at the suffering of small garden birds such as robins and wrens.句意可推测为:从某种程度上讲,今年(农村鸟类来访)这一不寻常的景象减缓了小型庭院鸟类数量下降造成的失望。而A. Prevented.预防,阻止;B. Relieved.减轻,解除;C. Explained.解释,说明;D. Increased.增加。故选B。 3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知redwing(红翼柬鸟)和fieldfare(北欧鸫鸟)这两种鸟主要聚集于英国东部,而现在却向另一方向即西部迁徙过冬,且第一段提到这些乡村鸟群是向都市花园迁徙,因此可知Cornwall应该是西部的一个城市。故选B。 4.D主旨大意题。文章第一段的大意为“数以千计的饥饿的鸟在痛苦地冬天离开英国乡村到城市的花园来寻找食物和温暖,这些迁移的鸟包括了许多几乎在乡村地区以外不为人知的物种,比如红翼柬鸟和北欧鸫鸟。”即可推知文章主要是想描述乡村鸟种来到城市花园觅食取暖这一现象以及就此展开的讨论。故选D。 【名师点睛】 词义猜测题解答技巧 这种题常见的提问方式有:1. The word in paragraph can best be replaced by .2. The underlined word most probably means .3. By saying , the author means 4. The expression is closest to 5. According to the passage, the phrase suggests 6. The underlined part (in Para. ) means .. 做这种类型的题,要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生,我们要特别注意熟词生义,切不可脱离语境想当然。 猜测词义时,一般可利用以下三个方面的线索: 一、针对性的解释 针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。这些解释提供的信息明确具体,所使用的语言通俗易懂,利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。 1. 根据定义(definition)猜测词义 如果生词有一个句子或段落来定义,那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。 定义常用的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。 2.根据复述推测词义 虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细,但是它提供的信息可以为阅读者猜测词义提供依据,至少读者可以根据复述猜测生词的大致义域(意义范围)。复述部分可以是词、短语、或从句。 同位语复述:在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间常用逗号连接,有时也使用破折号,冒号,分号,引号和括号等。同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say, i.e. 等。 二. 内在逻辑关系 根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指应用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系,然后根据逻辑联系推断生词词义或大致义域。 1. 根据对比关系猜测词义 在一个句子或段落中,有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述,我们可以根据生词的反义词猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有:unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。表示对比关系的句子结构:while 引导的并列句。 2. 根据比较关系猜测词义 同对比关系相反,比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有:similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。 3. 根据因果关系猜测词义 在句子或段落中,若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。 例如本篇中的第33题,the unusual sight this year somewhat tempered the frustration felt at the suffering of small garden birds such as robins and wrens. 从某种程度上讲,今年(农村鸟类来访)这一不寻常的景象减缓了小型庭院鸟类数量下降造成的失望。句中tempered 后的frustration意为失望,沮丧,可知失望来自the suffering of small garden birds小型庭院鸟类数量的下降,而此时又写农村鸟类来访,说明问题得到了缓解,因此失望被减少了,减轻了。故选B。 4. 根据同义、近义、并列、替代、说明等关系猜测词义 在句子或段落中,可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境所表示的关系推断生词词义。 三、通过构词法 在猜测词义过程中,还可以依靠构词法方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。 1. 根据前缀猜测词义,例如co-意为共同,一起; 2. 根据后缀猜测词义,例如-ise/ize意思是使成为,使化; 3. 根据复合词的各部分猜测词义 综上所述,利用各种已知的信息推测判断生词词义是一项重要的阅读技能。在阅读中可以根据实际灵活应用上面提到的几种猜词技巧,排除生词的干扰,理解文章的思想,提高阅读速度,同时提高在高考阅读理解中的得分率。 【考点】考查科普类短文阅读
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