Envy seems to be bad-but it doesn't have to be. Researchers are finding that, if approached the right way, there can actually be an advantage.
Psychologists classify envy in two ways: negative and positive. With positive envy, you are motivated by another person's success and struggle to follow it. With negative envy, you want to cut the advantaged person down so you look better by comparison. Let's say you feel sufferings of envy after your rival(对手) at another firm gets promoted. Negative envy might drive you to destroy his success, but positive envy would inspire you to work harder and get promoted, too.
Studies show positive envy can be a great motivator(动力). In a 2011 study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers in the Netherlands conducted a series of experiments with more than 200 university students. Researchers found that when they caused feelings of positive envy----as opposed to admiration or negative envy----in the students, it drove them to want to study more and perform better on a test measuring creativity and intelligence. While admiration may feel better, the researchers found, it doesn't motivate performance like the pain and frustration of envy.
“Those painful sufferings of envy are there for an evolutionary(进化的) reason,” says Texas Christian University researcher Sarah E. Hill, “warning us that someone has something of importance to us.” Building on this theory, Dr. Hill and others conducted a series of experiments, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, to test whether envy improves attention and memory----the tools needed to copy a rival's steps to success. In one experiment, half of the participants were asked to recall past feelings of envy; the other half weren't. The two groups were then shown mock(模拟的) interviews of imaginary peers. The group filled with envy paid closer attention and better recalled details about the interview subjects. In other words, envy made them more astute（机敏的）. Not only can envy motivate us to reach for higher goals, it may even give us the cognitive push to get there.
1.What’s the bad effect of negative envy?
A. It makes you lose heart and gets discouraged.
B. It has you feel motivated.
C. It makes you harm or hurt others on purpose.
D. It reminds you to struggle to follow your dreams.
2.What’s the benefit of positive envy?
A. It inspires you to find a possible rival to try to defeat them.
B. It encourages you to work harder with a positive attitude.
C. It won’t hurt your opponents in the same firm.
D. It won’t destroy your success at another firm.
3.Compared to admiration, positive envy can__________.
A. make you feel worse in all sides
B. be more likely to get you to admire others
C. make you feel the pain in your performance
D. be more likely to get you inspired to get success
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Envy seems to be bad.
B. Keep your envy in secret.
C. Make full use of positive envy.
D. Forget about your envy now.
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1. How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?
A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes.
C. 1.5 hours. D. 3 hours.
2.What is special about the battery?
A. It is built in an iPhone.
B. It is the smallest of its kind.
C. It can also be used as a charger.
D. It keeps power for about 30 days.
3.Who mentions the transporting of the battery?
A. P.S. B. B.L. C. M.C. D. T.K.
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Dear March - Come in -
How glad I am -
I hoped for you before ...
Who knocks? That April –共和国广告广告
Lock the Door -
I will not be pursued -
He stayed away a year to call -
When I am occupied -
But trifles(琐事) look so trivial(不重要的) -
As soon as you have come ...
This lovely poem was written by Emily Dickinson, who is considered a major American poet, though she was not accorded (符合) this honor until well after her death.
Emily Dickinson was born on December 10, 1830, in Amherst, Massachusetts. She attended school for only one year. Throughout her life, she seldom left her home and visitors were few. She lived in almost complete isolation(隔离) from the outside world.
She admired the poetry of Robert and Elizabeth Barren Browning, as well as John Keats. Though she was dissuaded (劝阻) from reading the poetry of her contemporary Walt Whitman by rumors of its disgracefulness, the two poets are now connected by the distinguished place they hold as the founders of a uniquely American poetic voice.
While Dickinson was extremely prolific (多产的) as a poet, she was not publicly recognized during her lifetime. Upon her death, Dickinson's family discovered forty hand-bound volumes of nearly 1,800 poems. Her younger sister began to share the enormous body of work that Emily left behind.
Emily's odd punctuation, capitalization(大写), and formatting(格式) did not meet with standard publishing "approval" for earlier editions. There is a whimsical (古怪的) nature to many other poems, as the subject of death was the most frequent theme.
1. In the poem, the poetess was speaking to ______.
A. a little girl B. a long-lost family member
C. a nice season D. a cute animal
2.What is a feature of Emily Dickinson's poems?
A. They do not pay attention to rhymes.
B. They resemble those of Walt Whitman.
C. They have a strange format.
D. They reflect her personal and social life.
3.According to the text, Emily Dickinson _______.
A. was completely homeschooled and had a talent for writing poems
B. was greatly influenced by four of her contemporary poets
C. is regarded as a leading poet in American literature
D. published a large number of poems during her lifetime
I was waiting for a phone call from my agent. He had left a message the night before, telling me that my show was to be cancelled. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meeting and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, but there was still no call. Three hours passing by, I became more and more impatient. I was certain that my agent didn't care about my work, and he didn't care about me. I was overcome with that thought. I started to shout at the phone, "Let me wait, will you? Who do you think you are?"
At that time I didn't realize my wife was looking on. Without showing her surprise, she rushed in, seized the phone, tore off the wires, and shouted at the phone, "Yeah! Who do you think you are? Bad telephone! Bad telephone!" And she swept it into the wastebasket.
I stood watching her, speechless. What on earth?
She stepped to the doorway and shouted at the rest of the house, "Now hear this! All objects in this room -- if you do anything to upset my husband, out you go!"
Then she turned to me, kissed me, and said calmly, "Honey, you just have to learn how to take control." With that, she left the room.
After watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight, I noticed that something in my mood had changed. I was laughing. How could I have trouble with that phone? Her antics helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things. Twenty minutes later my agent did call. I was able to listen to him and talk to him calmly.
1.Why did the author shout at the telephone?
A. He was mad at the telephone.
B. He was angry with his agent.
C. He was anxious about his wife.
D. He was impatient with the secretary.
2.What did the author's wife do after she heard his shouting?
A. She said nothing. B. She shouted at him.
C. She called the agent. D. She threw the phone away.
3.What made the author laugh?
A. His own behavior.
B. His wife's suggestion.
C. His changeable feelings
D. His wife's sweet kiss.
4.What does the underlined word "antics" refer to?
A. Smart words. B. Unusual actions.
C. Surprising looks. D. Anxious feelings.
书面表达
你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问（English Study Advisor），请你以短文形式写一则招聘启事。主要内容包括：
（1）母语是英语，汉语流利者优先；
（2）解答英语学习问题，协助组织英语活动；
（3）每周 工作四小时，报酬面议；
（4）联系人：李华（Tel. 13011223344）
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
English Study Advisor Wanted
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
短文改错
假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的一篇作文。文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不记分。
My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy. He didn't want share things with other people. For an example，when he bought a chocolate cake，he put them in a secret place where I could not find . Then he eats it all by himself. He never helped others. He said he was busy. In fact，a game of tennis making him very busy. He didn't care if something he did made people angrily. For instance，in a cold night he played strong and loudly music till 4 o'clock in the morning. But he is difference now. He often helps Grandma with housework，mom with cooking and his classmates with their lessons.
