Question

Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic(学术的) achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents(答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

Like in America, there is diversity(多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential(潜力的) development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.

1.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________.

A. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

B. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

C. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs

2.In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on ________.

A. preparing children academically

B. shaping children’s character

C. teaching children mathematics

D.  developing children’s artistic interests

3.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

A.  They can do better in their future studies.

B.  They can make more group experience grow there.

C.  They can be individually oriented when they grow up.

D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

4.Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to ________.

A.  broaden children’s knowledge

B. train children’s creativity

C. lighten children’s study load

D. enrich children’s experience

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.C

【解析】

试题分析：文章主要介绍了美国初等教育与日本教育的差别之处。

1.

2.

3.

4.

【名师点睛】

高考英语阅读理解推理判断题的解题技巧

推理判断题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属深层理解题。此类试题的设计常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude等词。

（1） 运用文段所叙述或描绘的事件背景提供的信息进行推理判断；例如第32题，从第一段的第一句可以看出因为美国孩子的学术成就较缓慢，很多美国家长到日本取经，然而他们看到的不是他们所预料的。由此知道，很多美国人认为日本非常重视孩子的学术教育。故选A。

（2） 运用已有的经验、经历或常识进行推理判断； 例如第34题，根据最后一段if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities.，如果小孩参加高校主导的项目，这就会增加孩子未来进入顶尖学校的几率。根据常识可知，这就是所谓的赢在起跑线上，孩子的起点高，基础更扎实，就更加容易进入到高等学府。故选D。

（3） 紧扣主题或话题，避免掉入细节事实的陷阱。

有些题目要求读者根据文段的相关信息对文中人物的性格、心理状况、心智或品质作出判断，这时一定要扣紧文段的主题或话题，不要受一些细节事实的干扰

考点：考查社会现象类短文阅读。